05399nam 2200757 a 450 991100482490332120200520144314.01-61583-705-10-8194-7887-310.1117/3.527861(CKB)2470000000002938(EBL)728442(OCoLC)435838452(SSID)ssj0000381285(PQKBManifestationID)11276896(PQKBTitleCode)TC0000381285(PQKBWorkID)10380459(PQKB)10596725(MiAaPQ)EBC728442(WaSeSS)Ind00000568(CaBNVSL)gtp00535567(SPIE)9780819478870(PPN)237226693(EXLCZ)99247000000000293820030725d2004 uy 0engurbn||||m|||atxtccrDiffractive optics design, fabrication, and test /Donald C. O'Shea ... [et al.]Bellingham, Wash. SPIE Pressc20041 online resource (258 p.)Tutorial texts in optical engineering ;v. TT 62Description based upon print version of record.0-8194-5171-1 Includes bibliographical references and index.Preface -- Chapter 1. Introduction -- 1.1 Where Do Diffractive Elements Fit in Optics? -- 1.2 A Quick Survey of Diffractive Optics -- 1.3 A Classic Optical Element: The Fresnel Lens -- 1.4 Light Treated as a PropagatingWave -- 1.5 A Physical Optics Element: The Blazed Grating -- 1.6 Fanout Gratings -- 1.7 Constructing the Profile: Optical Lithography -- 1.8 A Theme.Chapter 2. Scalar Diffraction Theory -- 2.1 Rayleigh-Sommerfeld Propagation -- 2.2 Fourier Analysis -- 2.3 Using Fourier Analysis -- 2.4 Diffraction Efficiency of Binary Optics -- 2.5 Extended Scalar Theory -- 2.6 Conclusion -- References.Chapter 3. Electromagnetic Analysis of Diffractive Optical Elements -- 3.1 Scalar Limitations -- 3.2 Plane-wave Spectrum Method -- 3.3 Electromagnetic Diffraction Models -- Effective Media Theory -- References.Chapter 4. Diffractive Lens Design -- 4.1 Basics of Lens Design -- 4.2 Diffractive Optics Lens Design -- 4.3 Efficiency of Multilevel Diffractive Lenses -- 4.4 Hybrid Lenses -- References.Chapter 5. Design of Diffraction Gratings -- 5.1 Introduction -- 5.2 Design Approaches -- 5.3 Design Variables -- 5.4 Direct Inversion -- 5.5 Iterative Design -- 5.6 Conclusion -- References.Chapter 6. Making a DOE -- 6.1 The Profile -- 6.2 Photolithography: A Method for DOE Fabrication -- 6.3 From Equation to Component -- 6.4 Interplay between Fabrication and Optical Design -- 6.5 Facilities and Substrates -- 6.6 Fabrication of DOEs -- References.Chapter 7. Photolithographic Fabrication of Diffractive Optical Elements -- 7.1 Photolithographic Processing -- 7.2 Binary Optics -- 7.3 Conclusion -- Reference.Chapter 8. Survey of Fabrication Techniques for Diffractive Optical Elements -- 8.1 Lithographic Techniques -- 8.2 Direct Machining -- 8.3 Replication -- 8.4 Comparison of Fabrication Methods for DOEs -- References.Chapter 9. Testing Diffractive Optical Elements -- 9.1 Metrology -- 9.2 Testing Optical Performance -- 9.3 Effects of Fabrication Errors on DOE Performance -- References.Chapter 10. Application of Diffractive Optics to Lens Design -- 10.1 Introduction -- 10.2 Diffractive Lenses -- 10.3 Hybrid Lenses -- 10.4 Thermal Compensation with Diffractive Optics -- References.Chapter 11. Additional Applications of Diffractive Optical Elements -- 11.1 Introduction -- 11.2 Multiple Lens Applications -- 11.3 Beam-Shaping Applications -- 11.4 Grating Applications -- 11.4.1 Beam deflectors, splitters, and samplers -- 11.5 Subwavelength Gratings -- 11.6 Integration and Modules -- 11.7 Example Application Area: Optical Communications -- 11.8 Conclusion -- References -- Index.This book provides the reader with the broad range of materials that were discussed in a series of short courses presented at Georgia Tech on the design, fabrication, and testing of diffractive optical elements (DOEs). Although there are not long derivations or detailed methods for specific engineering calculations, the reader should be familiar and comfortable with basic computational techniques. This text is not a 'cookbook' for producing DOEs, but it should provide readers with sufficient information to assess whether this technology would benefit their work, and to understand the requirements for using the concepts and techniques presented by the authors.Tutorial texts in optical engineering ;v. TT 62.Optical instrumentsDesign and constructionLensesDesign and constructionDiffractionOptical instrumentsDesign and construction.LensesDesign and construction.Diffraction.621.36O'Shea Donald C59606Society of Photo-Optical Instrumentation Engineers.MiAaPQMiAaPQMiAaPQBOOK9911004824903321Diffractive optics4389645UNINA03725nam 22008534a 450 991096987320332120251116175635.01-134-42822-71-280-22680-397866102268010-203-48847-4(CKB)1000000000250999(EBL)182455(OCoLC)437055325(SSID)ssj0000181385(PQKBManifestationID)11165662(PQKBTitleCode)TC0000181385(PQKBWorkID)10159514(PQKB)10225808(MiAaPQ)EBC182455(Au-PeEL)EBL182455(CaPaEBR)ebr10165310(CaONFJC)MIL22680(EXLCZ)99100000000025099920030912d2004 uy 0engur|n|---|||||txtccrInternational labor mobility unemployment and increasing returns to scale /Bharati Basu1st ed.London ;New York Routledge20041 online resource (200 p.)Routledge studies in the modern world economy ;46Description based upon print version of record.0-415-65525-0 0-415-29825-3 Includes bibliographical references (p. [172]-177) and index.Cover; International Labor Mobility; Title Page; Copyright Page; Table of Contents; List of figures; List of tables; Foreword; Preface; 1 International labor mobility with full employment; 2 International labor mobility with exogenously created unemployment; 3 International labor mobility with endogenously created unemployment; 4 Free trade versus free-labor mobility with increasing returns and unemployment; 5 Labor mobility and a dual economy: a case of external economies of scale and unemployment; 6 Labor migration in European Union countries; 7 An empirical overview; Appendices; NotesBibliographyIndexMigration of workers within and across national boundaries is an important issue in an age of increasing levels of innovation and invention which economizes cost and helps large scale production.This book analyses the implications of migration for the levels of unemployment and distinguishes between unemployment which can be attributed to government policy and that which can be generated by a particular behavior of employers and workers. The discussion also includes the issue of foreign workers' effects on unemployment levels - a salient issue in today's climate.With impressive clarityRoutledge studies in the modern world economy ;46.Labor mobilityUnemploymentForeign workersManpower policyForeign trade and employmentEconomies of scaleLabor mobilityEuropean Union countriesArbeidsmobiliteitgttWerkloosheidgttInternationalisatiegttEconomische modellengttLabor mobility.Unemployment.Foreign workers.Manpower policy.Foreign trade and employment.Economies of scale.Labor mobilityArbeidsmobiliteit.Werkloosheid.Internationalisatie.Economische modellen.331.12/791Basu Bharati1950-630321MiAaPQMiAaPQMiAaPQBOOK9910969873203321International labor mobility38680UNINA