02217oam 2200529 a 450 991070110190332120130806155912.0(CKB)5470000002416033(OCoLC)761730940(EXLCZ)99547000000241603320111121d2011 ua 0engurmn|||||||||txtrdacontentcrdamediacrrdacarrierStories of sacrifice & dedication[electronic resource] Civil Air Transport, Air America, and the CIA[Washington, D.C.] :Central Intelligence Agency, Historical Collections,[2011]1 online resource (56 pages illustrations (some color), facsimiles)Title from PDF t.p. (viewed Nov. 21, 2011).[Symposium held at the] National Museum of the United States Air Force, Dayton, OH, June 2, 2011."Central Intelligence Agency, Historical Collections; IMS; Center for the Study of Intelligence; National Museum of the United States Air Force."Includes bibliographical references.Stories of sacrifice & dedication Search and rescue operationsEast AsiaCongressesSearch and rescue operationsSoutheast AsiaCongressesTransport planesEast AsiaHistoryCongressesTransport planesSoutheast AsiaHistoryCongressesConference papers and proceedings.lcgftSearch and rescue operationsSearch and rescue operationsTransport planesHistoryTransport planesHistoryUnited States.Central Intelligence Agency.Historical Collections Division.United States.Central Intelligence Agency.Information Management Services.Center for the Study of Intelligence (U.S.)National Museum of the United States Air Force.GPOGPODOSOCLCQOCLCAGPOBOOK9910701101903321Stories of sacrifice & dedication3524430UNINA05457oam 2200709I 450 991096529660332120251117110559.01-315-84008-11-317-88180-X1-317-88181-810.4324/9781315840086 (CKB)2670000000528955(EBL)1638452(SSID)ssj0001215078(PQKBManifestationID)11749310(PQKBTitleCode)TC0001215078(PQKBWorkID)11177620(PQKB)10056289(OCoLC)876044817(MiAaPQ)EBC1638452(Au-PeEL)EBL1638452(CaPaEBR)ebr10841563(CaONFJC)MIL762423(OCoLC)871224124(OCoLC)897463195(FINmELB)ELB138431(EXLCZ)99267000000052895520180706e20132002 uy 0engur|n|---|||||txtccrAnaphora resolution /Ruslan Mitkov1st ed.London ;New York :Routledge,2013.1 online resource (235 p.)Studies in Language and Linguistics"First published 2002 by Pearson Education Limited"--T.p. verso.1-138-14635-8 0-582-32505-6 Includes bibliographical references and index.Cover; Half Title; Title Page; Copyright Page; Table of Contents; Dedication; Acknowledgements; Preface; Acronyms and abbreviations; Introduction; Chapter One: Linguistic fundamentals; 1.1 Basic notions and terminology; 1.2 Coreference; 1.3 Discourse entities; 1.4 Varieties of anaphora according to the form of the anaphor; 1.4.1 Pronominal anaphora; 1.4.1.1 Pleonastic it; 1.4.1.2 Other non-anaphoric uses of pronouns; 1.4.2 Lexical noun phrase anaphora; 1.4.3 Noun anaphora; 1.4.4 Verb anaphora, adverb anaphora; 1.4.5 Zero anaphora; 1.4.5.1 Zero pronominal anaphora; 1.4.5.2 Zero noun anaphora1.4.5.3 Zero verb anaphora1.4.5.4 Verb phrase zero anaphora (ellipsis); 1.5 Types of anaphora according to the locations of the anaphor and the antecedent; 1.6 Indirect anaphora; 1.7 Identity-of-sense anaphora and identity-of-reference anaphora; 1.8 Types of antecedents; 1.9 Location of the antecedent; 1.10 Anaphora and cataphora; 1.11 Anaphora and deixis; 1.12 Anaphora and ambiguity; 1.13 Anaphora and the resolution moment; 1.14 Summary; Chapter Two: The process of automatic anaphora resolution; 2.1 Anaphora resolution and the knowledge required; 2.1.1 Morphological and lexical knowledge2.1.2 Syntactic knowledge2.1.3 Semantic knowledge; 2.1.4 Discourse knowledge; 2.1.5 Real-world (common-sense) knowledge; 2.2 Anaphora resolution in practice; 2.2.1 Identification of anaphors; 2.2.1.1 Identification of anaphoric pronouns; 2.2.1.2 Identification of anaphoric noun phrases; 2.2.1.3 Tools and resources for the identification of anaphors; 2.2.2 Location of the candidates for antecedents; 2.2.2.1 The search scope of candidates for antecedent; 2.2.2.2 Tools and resources needed for the location of potential candidates; 2.2.3 The resolution algorithm: factors in anaphora resolution2.2.3.1 Constraints2.2.3.2 Preferences; 2.2.3.3 Example of anaphora resolution based on simple factors; 2.2.3.4 Combination and interaction of constraints and preferences; 2.2.3.5 Tools and resources needed for implementing anaphora resolution factors; 2.3 Summary; Chapter Three: Theories and formalisms used in anaphoraresolution; 3.1 Centering; 3.2 Binding theory; 3.2.1 Interpretation of reflexives; 3.2.2 Interpretation of personal pronouns; 3.2.3 Interpretation of lexical noun phrases; 3.3 Other related work; 3.4 Summary; Chapter Four: The past: work in the 1960s, 1970s and 1980s4.1 Early work in anaphora resolution4.2 Student; 4.3 Shrdlu; 4.4 Lunar; 4.5 Hobbs's naïve approach; 4.5.1 The algorithm; 4.5.2 Evaluation of Hobbs' s algorithm; 4.6 The BFP algorithm; 4.7 Carter's shallow processing approach; 4.8 Rich and LuperFoy's distributed architecture; 4.9 Carbonell and Brown's multi-strategy approach; 4.10 Other work; 4.11 Summary; Chapter Five: The present: knowledge-poor and corpus-based approaches in the 1990s and beyond; 5.1 Main trends in recent anaphora resolution research; 5.2 Collocation patterns-based approach; 5.3 Lappin and Leass's algorithm; 5.3.1 Overview5.3.2 The resolution algorithmTeaching computers to solve language problems is one of the major challengesof natural language processing. There is a large amount of interesting researchdevoted to this field. This book fills an existing gap in the literature with anup-to-date survey of the field, including the author's own contributions.A number of different fields overlap in anaphora resolution - computationallinguistics, natural language processing (NLP), grammar, semantics, pragmatics,discourse analysis and artificial intelligence. This book begins by introducingbasic nStudies in Language and LinguisticsAnaphora (Linguistics)Anaphora (Linguistics)415415Mitkov Ruslan.301340MiAaPQMiAaPQMiAaPQBOOK9910965296603321Anaphora resolution4483465UNINA