01924nam 22004333 450 991015778650332120250815080325.01-925341-75-5(CKB)3710000001009631(BIP)054237387(MiAaPQ)EBC32251835(Au-PeEL)EBL32251835(OCoLC)1532837189(EXLCZ)99371000000100963120250815d2015 uy 0engurcnu||||||||txtrdacontentcrdamediacrrdacarrierTrends in Project Management1st ed.Fremantle :Vivid Publishing,2015.©2015.1 online resource (240 p.) illTrends in Project Management Series1-925341-74-7 Are the right projects being initiated and delivered effectively in your organisation?Are the right people managing your projects in the right way?Are the business change impacts of your project being effectively managed? Project management is a multifaceted discipline and the path to success presents significant challenges for many organisations. Effective project managers build the bridge between business need and technology capability, thus mitigating risk and promoting the desired outcomes of projects, programmes and portfolio management. In this Volume 1 compilation, Quay delivers articulate thought leadership and insights on effective transformation and practical, real-world experience for delivering successful projects.Trends in Project Management SeriesProject ManagementBusiness & EconomicsQuay Consulting Quay1839794MiAaPQMiAaPQMiAaPQBOOK9910157786503321Trends in Project Management4419151UNINA09786nam 22007211 450 991096076580332120251116193720.097890272714199027271410(CKB)2550000001165682(SSID)ssj0001059859(PQKBManifestationID)11555630(PQKBTitleCode)TC0001059859(PQKBWorkID)11085885(PQKB)10767648(MiAaPQ)EBC1569530(Au-PeEL)EBL1569530(CaPaEBR)ebr10813547(CaONFJC)MIL546950(OCoLC)864382586(DE-B1597)721249(DE-B1597)9789027271419(iGPub)JOBE0002385(EXLCZ)99255000000116568220130624h20132013 uy 0engurcnu||||||||txtccrIncreased empiricism recent advances in Chinese linguistics /edited by Zhuo Jing-Schmidt1st ed.Amsterdam ;Philadelphia :John Benjamins Publishing Company,[2013]©20131 online resource (327 pages)Studies in Chinese language and discourse,1879-5382 ;volume 2Bibliographic Level Mode of Issuance: Monograph9789027201812 9027201811 9781306156998 1306156998 Includes bibliographical references and index.Increased Empiricism -- Editorial page -- Title page -- LCC data -- Table of contents -- Contributors -- Acknowledgements -- Introduction -- References -- Subjecthood in Chinese -- 1. Setting the stage -- 2. On subject/object asymmetry in Chinese -- 3. Grammatical relations in Chinese - the neurolinguistic perspective -- Hypotheses concerning processing costs at NP1 and the verb (V) -- Methods -- ERP results -- 4. Discussion -- 5. Conclusion -- Acknowledgements -- Notes -- References -- Characteristic syntactic patterns of Mandarin Chinese -- 1. Introduction -- 2. Typologically idiosyncratic word order patterns and syntactic constructions in Mandarin Chinese -- 2.1 "Rel-N" (Relative clause-Noun) word order pattern -- 2.2 "PP-V" (Prepositional phrase-Verb) word order pattern -- 2.3 The word order pattern of "S-P NP-VP" in comparative constructions -- 2.4 The polar question construction "A-not-A" -- 2.5 The potential complement construction "V-de-C" and "V-bu-C" -- 3. Why does Chinese have such peculiar syntactic patterns? -- 4. Conclusion -- Notes -- References -- The origins of Sinitic -- 1. The problem of Sinitic -- 1.1 Sinitic and its southern neighbors -- 1.1.1 Lexical correlations -- 1.1.2 The Southeast Asian phonological profile -- 1.2 Morphological evidence for Sino-Tibetan -- 1.2.1 The pronouns -- 1.2.2 Ancient morphology -- 1.3 Syntactic patterns -- 2. The sources of Sinitic -- 2.1 Typology and diachrony: The "creoloid" pattern -- 2.2 The linguistic context -- 3. The origins of Sinitic -- Notes -- References -- Classifier choices in discourse across the seven main Chinese dialects -- 1. Overview: Discourse, not nouns, controls classifiers -- 2. Definitions of classifiers and research methods -- 2.1 Numeral classifiers versus noun classes -- 2.2 Research samples: Spoken narratives and classifier dictionaries.2.2.1 Spoken sample: The Pear Stories -- 2.2.2 Classifier dictionaries -- 3. Discourse choices: No classifier, a general classifier, or a sortal classifier -- 3.1 Will a classifier appear at all? -- 3.2 Are sortal classifiers more frequent? The general classifier does most of the work -- 3.2.1 Sortal classifiers are unexpectedly low frequency -- 3.2.2 Sortal types in the Pear Stories -- 4. Do noun semantics closely match sortal classifier semantics? -- 4.1 Nouns form good hierarchies. Classifiers do not. -- 4.2. Classifiers do not mark a superordinate hierarchy -- 5. Distinctively Chinese patterns -- 5.1 Dialect distances are significant -- 5.1.1 Classifiers which diverge semantically from Mandarin -- 5.1.2 Unique classifiers -- 6. Conclusion: The importance of a default in discourse -- Acknowledgements -- Notes -- References -- The painted word -- 1. Introduction -- 2. Research objectives -- 3. Data -- 4. Data Analysis -- 4.1 Inter-sentential, inter-turn, inter-TCU code-switching -- 4.2 Intra-TCU morpho-syntactic code-switching -- 4.3 Intra-TCU morpho-phonemic code-switching -- 4.4 Intra-TCU bound but free morphemes -- 4.5 Code-doubling -- 5. Discussions/Conclusions -- Acknowledgements -- References -- Tone realization in younger versus older speakers of Nanjing dialect -- 1. Introduction -- 2. Methodology -- 3. Statistic regression models to compare Slope and Mean values -- 4. Results for monosyllabic tones -- 5. Results for disyllabic Tones -- 6. Conclusion -- Notes -- References -- Evaluating the emergence of [ʋ] in modern spoken Mandarin -- 1. Introduction -- 2. Acoustic characteristics -- 3. Methodology -- 4. Results -- 5. Discussion -- 6. Conclusion -- Acknowledgments -- References -- Appendices -- Appendix 1: Research instrument word list -- Appendix 2: Research instrument paragraph -- Appendix 3: Research instrument English translation.Appendix 4: Research instrument questions -- Appendix 5: Research instrument English translation -- Appendix 6: Participants information -- The Semantic Constraints on the verb+zhe3 Nouns in Mandarin Chinese -- 1. Introduction -- 2. Situation Aspects in Mandarin Chinese -- 3. The restrictions of word formation of transitive verb+ zhe nouns -- 4. The compatibility of -zhe with five verb classes -- 4.1 Activities -- 4.2 Statives -- 4.3 Accomplishments -- 4.4 Achievements -- 4.5 Semelfactives -- 4.6 The productivity of the five verb classes in the verb+zhe nouns -- 5. The verb+ zhe nouns refer to human beings -- 6. Episodic linking of the verb+zhe nouns. -- 7. Conclusion -- Notes -- References -- The Semantic Type System of Event Nouns -- 1. Introduction -- 2. Related research -- 3. Evidences of huìyì as an Event Noun -- 3.1 huìyì + qián 'before' / hòu 'after' -- 3.2 Selection by durative temporal expressions -- 3.3 Numeral/Demonstrative + Event Classifier + huìyì -- 4. Argument Structure of huìyì -- 4.1 Argument Types of huìyì -- 4.1.1 Default Arguments of huìyì -- 4.1.2 True Adjuncts of huìyì -- 4.2 huìyì Satisfies Argument Typing of Different Verbs -- 5. Event Structure of huìyì -- 5.1 The Basic Svituation Type of huìyì -- 5.2 Aspectual Shifts of huìyì -- 5.2.1 Accomplishments -- 5.2.2 States -- 5.3 Ambiguity -- 6. Qualia Structure -- 6.1 Differences between huìyì as a Head and a Modifier -- 6.2 huìyì as a Head -- 6.2.1 Formal Modification -- 6.2.2 Constitutive Modification -- 6.3 huìyì as a Modifier -- 6.3.1 Telic Modification -- 6.3.2 Agentive Modification -- 7. Conclusion -- Acknowledgements -- Notes -- References -- Semantic Reanalysis in grammaticalization in Chinese -- 1. Introduction -- 2. Semantic reanalysis -- 3. Patterns of semantic change in grammaticalization -- 3.1 Verb &gt -- classifier -- 3.2 Verb &gt -- auxiliary -- 3.3 Verb &gt.preposition -- 4. Conclusion -- Notes -- References -- How linear distance and structural distance affect the processing of gap-filler dependencies in head-final relative clauses -- 1. Introduction -- 2. Experimental Design and Methodology -- 2.1 Participants -- 2.2 Design and materials -- 2.3 Apparatus and procedure -- 2.4 Data analysis -- 3. Experiment results -- 3.1 First fixation duration (FFD) -- 3.2 First pass time (FPT) -- 3.3 Go-pass time (GPT) -- 3.4 Total viewing time (TVT) -- 3.5 Summary -- 4. Discussion and implications -- Acknowledgement -- References -- Appendix A -- Variation in Mandarin Tone 3 Sandhi -- 1. Introduction -- 2. T3S: The case of prepositions and pronouns -- 2.1 The data -- 2.2 Pre-OT analysis -- 2.3 Zhang's (1997) two-input-two-tableau OT analysis -- 3. Modeling variation in OT -- 4. Proposed OT analysis -- 4.1 Constraints -- 4.2 The cut-off point and the ranking process -- 4.3 The analysis -- 4.4 The issue of modeling frequency -- 5. Concluding remarks -- Notes -- References -- The role of instruction in developing pragmatic competence in L2 Chinese -- 1. Introduction -- 2. Pragmatic Competence in a Second Language -- 3. Issues in L2 Pragmatics Instruction -- 4. Summary and Review of Empirical Evidences -- 5. Implications for Teaching and Directions of Future Research -- Notes -- References -- Author index -- Subject index.This chapter aims to review the small body of research that investigates the effects of focused instruction and practice on the development of pragmatic competence in L2 Chinese. Following a discussion of the current understanding of pragmatic competence, the recent development of the field of L2 pragmatics instruction is reviewed and several gaps in the literature identified. A series of studies on teaching Chinese pragmatics are then summarized and discussed from the perspective of the skill acquisition theory. This chapter concludes with a discussion of pedagogical implications based on the existing empirical evidences and proposed directions for future research in this area.Studies in Chinese language and discourse ;v. 2.Chinese languageSyntaxChinese languageLinguisticsChinese languageSyntax.Chinese language.Linguistics.495.15Jing-Schmidt Zhuo1800388MiAaPQMiAaPQMiAaPQBOOK9910960765803321Increased empiricism4345148UNINA