01081cam2-2200349---450-99000587923020331620130904090910.0000587923USA01000587923(ALEPH)000587923USA0100058792320130808d1907----km-y0itay50------baitafreIT||||||||001yy<<Parte 1:>> <<L'>>anarchiadi Ippolito TaineMilanoFratelli Treves19072 volumi (VIII, 418 p.)19 cm0010005664942001<<La>> rivoluzioneTAINE,Hippolyte Adolphe157169ITsalbcISBD990005879230203316XV.2.B. 262 13901 F.C.XV.2.B.00293829BKCUOMOAMENDOLA9020130808USA011339AMENDOLA9020130808USA011342AMENDOLA9020130808USA011447ANNAMARIA9020130904USA010851ANNAMARIA9020130904USA010909Anarchia1084770UNISA04496oam 22010694 450 991096062550332120250426110821.09786612840715978146237598114623759879781452717807145271780X9781451869774145186977097812828407131282840711(CKB)3170000000055023(EBL)1607868(SSID)ssj0000943985(PQKBManifestationID)11559067(PQKBTitleCode)TC0000943985(PQKBWorkID)10983250(PQKB)11326098(OCoLC)276785198(MiAaPQ)EBC1607868(IMF)WPIEE2008117(IMF)WPIEA2008117WPIEA2008117(EXLCZ)99317000000005502320020129d2008 uf 0engur|n|---|||||txtccrCalculating Sustainable Non-mineral Balances as Benchmarks for Fiscal Policy : The Case of Botswana /Jens Clausen1st ed.Washington, D.C. :International Monetary Fund,2008.1 online resource (17 p.)IMF Working PapersIMF working paper ;WP/08/117Description based upon print version of record.9781451914313 1451914318 Includes bibliographical references.Contents; I. Introduction; II. Fiscal Policy in Resource-Rich Countries:; A. International Experience; B. The Permanent Income Hypothesis; C. Mathematical Representation of How to Calculate Benchmarks; III. The Case of Botswana; A. Background; B. Calculating Sustainable Non-mineral Balances for Botswana; Figures; 1 Botswana: Mineral Revenues, Annuity, and Asset Accumulation; Table; 1. Botswana: Fiscal Sustainability Benchmarks; C. Sensitivity Analysis; 2. Botswana: Sensitivity Analysis for Benchmarked Balances; 3. Botswana: Mineral Revenues, Annuity, and Asset Accumulation; IV. ConclusionsReferencesAssuming a social welfare function that smoothes expenditure, this paper calculates a sustainability benchmark for the non-mineral balance in Botswana that is based on a notion of a "permanent income" from non-renewable resources. It is derived by constructing a hypothetical annuity from revenues from these resources, which is held constant in terms of GDP. Botswana is an interesting case because current projections suggest that diamond resources could be largely exhausted within a generation.IMF Working Papers; Working Paper ;No. 2008/117Fiscal policyBotswanaRevenueBotswanaAgricultural and Natural Resource EconomicsimfEnvironmental and Ecological Economics: GeneralimfEnvironmental managementimfFiscal PolicyimfFiscal policyimfFiscal stanceimfIncomeimfMacroeconomicsimfNatural ResourcesimfNatural resourcesimfNon-renewable resourcesimfNonrenewable Resources and Conservation: GeneralimfPersonal incomeimfPersonal Income, Wealth, and Their DistributionsimfPublic FinanceimfBotswanaEconomic conditions1966-BotswanaimfFiscal policyRevenueAgricultural and Natural Resource EconomicsEnvironmental and Ecological Economics: GeneralEnvironmental managementFiscal PolicyFiscal policyFiscal stanceIncomeMacroeconomicsNatural ResourcesNatural resourcesNon-renewable resourcesNonrenewable Resources and Conservation: GeneralPersonal incomePersonal Income, Wealth, and Their DistributionsPublic Finance339.09689709049Clausen Jens1815929DcWaIMFBOOK9910960625503321Calculating Sustainable Non-mineral Balances as Benchmarks for Fiscal Policy4371554UNINA