05883nam 2200745Ia 450 991095777640332120251116141802.09786610221608978128022160612802216079780309557696030955769097805851553950585155399(CKB)111004366657398(EBL)3377244(SSID)ssj0000141451(PQKBManifestationID)11151381(PQKBTitleCode)TC0000141451(PQKBWorkID)10079789(PQKB)10400561(MiAaPQ)EBC3377244(Au-PeEL)EBL3377244(CaPaEBR)ebr10068486(OCoLC)923269214(Perlego)4733840(BIP)445784(EXLCZ)9911100436665739819810126d1987 uy 0engur|n|---|||||txtrdacontentcrdamediacrrdacarrierPharmacokinetics in risk assessment /Subcommittee on Disinfectants and Disinfectant By-Products, Safe Drinking Water Committee, Board on Toxicology and Environmental Health Hazards, Assembly of Life Sciences, National Research Council1st ed.Washington, D.C. National Academy Press19871 online resource (512 pages)Drinking water and health ;v.89780309037754 0309037751 ""Pharmacokinetics in Risk Assessment""; ""Copyright""; ""PREFACE""; ""Contents""; ""PART I INTRODUCTION: THE PROBLEM AND AN APPROACH ""; ""Risk Assessment: Historical Perspectives""; ""References""; ""Tissue Dosimetry in Risk Assessment, or What's the Problem Here Anyway?""; ""INTRODUCTION""; ""A DOSE OF WHAT?""; ""ISN'T THIS VOLUME ABOUT PHARMACOKINETICS?""; ""GENOTOXIC CARCINOGENS""; ""PARENT CHEMICAL""; ""STABLE METABOLITES""; ""REACTIVE, NONISOLATABLE METABOLITES""; ""INTERCALATING AGENTS""; ""EPIGENETIC CARCINOGENS""; ""SUMMARY""; ""References""; ""PART II MATHEMATICAL MODELING """"Modeling: An Introduction"" ""References""; ""Physiologically Based Pharmacokinetic Modeling""; ""INTRODUCTION""; ""BIOLOGICAL BASIS OF PHYSIOLOGICAL PHARMACOKINETICS""; ""DEVELOPMENT OF MODELS""; ""CHOICE OF COMPARTMENTS""; ""BASIC MASS BALANCES""; ""Mass Balance: Blood Pool""; ""Mass Balance: Tissue Region i""; ""SIMPLIFICATIONS OF MASS BALANCES""; ""Examples""; ""DISCUSSION""; ""FUTURE RESEARCH NEEDS""; ""References""; ""PART III GENERALIZATIONS AND EXTRAPOLATIONS ""; ""Allometry: Body Size Constraints in Animal Design""; ""INTRODUCTION""; ""SIZE, DESIGN, AND PHARMACOKINETICS""""Aerobic Energetics of Muscle In Vivo"" ""Conflict of Physiological and Chronological Time""; ""Species Extrapolations, Physiological Time, and Pharmacokinetics""; ""CONCLUSIONS""; ""SUMMARY""; ""References""; ""Prediction of In Vivo Parameters of Drug Metabolism and Distribution from In Vitro Studies""; ""IN VITRO PREDICTION OF IN VIVO DRUG METABOLISM""; ""IN VITRO PREDICTION OF IN VIVO DRUG BINDING AND DISTRIBUTION""; ""CONCLUSION""; ""References""; ""Dose, Species, and Route Extrapolation: General Aspects""; ""DIFFERENT PROBLEMS AND OBJECTIVES, DIFFERENT MODELS""; ""Different Mechanisms""""GENERAL PHYSIOLOGICALLY BASED PHARMACOKINETIC MODELS"" ""Simplification of Models""; ""Rates of Formation of Complexes""; ""Diffusional Barriers and Modified Fick's Law""; ""Simple PB-PK Models""; ""Basic Parameters fu and R""; ""Nonlinear Kinetics and Lost Concepts""; ""INTERFACE BETWEEN PB-PK MODELS AND CLEARANCES""; ""Organ Availabilities (F), Extraction Ratios (E), and Clearances (CL)""; ""Physiologically Based Linear Compartmental Pharmacokinetic Models""; ""Validity of the Assumption of Virtual Steady State""; ""Calculation of Other Compartmental Model Parameters""""Approximations of Terminal Half-Lives"" ""Approximate Time Required to Approach Steady State""; ""LINEAR PHARMACOKINETIC SYSTEMS""; ""Total Body Clearance""; ""Importance of the Unbound Concentration of Substances""; ""Classification of Organs; Routes of Administration""; ""Non-First-Pass, Nonelimination Organs""; ""Range of Maximum and Minimum Unbound Concentrations in Nonelimination Organs and Repetitive Administration""; ""Non-First-Pass, Elimination Organs""; ""FIRST-PASS, NONELIMINATION ORGANS""; ""First-Pass, Elimination Organs""; ""ROUTE-TO-ROUTE EXTRAPOLATION""; ""Lungs and Skin Administration""Pharmacokinetics, the study of the movement of chemicals within the body, is a vital tool in assessing the risk of exposure to environmental chemicals. This book--a collection of papers authored by experts in academia, industry, and government--reviews the progress of the risk-assessment process and discusses the role of pharmacokinetic principles in evaluating risk. In addition, the authors discuss software packages used to analyze data and to build models simulating biological phenomena. A summary chapter provides a view of trends in pharmacokinetic modeling and notes some prospective fields of study.Drinking waterContaminationUnited StatesDrinking waterContaminationDrinking waterHealth aspectsUnited StatesDrinking waterHealth aspectsWaterPollutionToxicologyDrinking waterContaminationDrinking waterContamination.Drinking waterHealth aspectsDrinking waterHealth aspects.WaterPollutionToxicology.333.9122MiAaPQMiAaPQMiAaPQBOOK9910957776403321Pharmacokinetics in risk assessment4351719UNINA