03384nam 2200805 a 450 991079160130332120230725063135.01-84769-418-71-84769-416-01-283-22475-51-84769-476-410.21832/9781847694188(CKB)2550000001217606(StDuBDS)AH24485983(MiAaPQ)EBC837800(DE-B1597)513638(OCoLC)750192949(DE-B1597)9781847694188(Au-PeEL)EBL837800(CaPaEBR)ebr10492855(CaONFJC)MIL322475(OCoLC)863821349(EXLCZ)99255000000121760620110414d2011 uy 0engur|||||||||||rdacontentrdamediardacarrierLexical errors and accuracy in foreign language writing[electronic resource] /María Pilar Agustín LlachBristol ;Buffalo Multilingual Matters20111 online resource (xiii, 247 p. ) illSecond language acquisition ;581-84769-417-9 9786613224750 Includes bibliographical references.pt. 1. Lexical competence and lexical errors -- pt. 2. Lexical error production in young Spanish learners' written compositions.Lexical errors are a determinant in gaining insight into vocabulary acquisition, vocabulary use and writing quality assessment. Lexical errors are very frequent in the written production of young EFL learners, but they decrease as learners gain proficiency. Misspellings are the most common category, but formal errors give way to semantic-based lexical errors as proficiency increases, likewise, the direct influence of the L1 also reduces in favour of more elaborated transfer mechanisms and L2 influence. The different categories of lexical errors indicate the stage of learning. This book uses a study of young EFL learners to suggest that lexical accuracy is a crucial component of writing assessment, and that lexical errors are useful in predicting writing quality.Second language acquisition (Clevedon, England) ;58.Language and languagesStudy and teachingRhetoricStudy and teachingVocabularyStudy and teachingSecond language acquisitionEFL learners.SLA.Second Language Acquisition.acquisition of vocab.errors with vocab.lexical accuracy.lexical errors.lexicon.misspellings.vocab learning.vocab.vocabulary acquisition.vocabulary.writing assessment.Language and languagesStudy and teaching.RhetoricStudy and teaching.VocabularyStudy and teaching.Second language acquisition.418Agustín Llach María Pilar1562248MiAaPQMiAaPQMiAaPQBOOK9910791601303321Lexical errors and accuracy in foreign language writing3829711UNINA05356nam 2200673 a 450 991087764200332120200520144314.097804700141891-280-27255-497866102725560-470-34594-20-470-87035-40-470-01418-0(CKB)1000000000018904(EBL)210573(OCoLC)608211015(SSID)ssj0000246005(PQKBManifestationID)11238394(PQKBTitleCode)TC0000246005(PQKBWorkID)10181149(PQKB)10079565(MiAaPQ)EBC210573(EXLCZ)99100000000001890420040429d2004 uy 0engur|n|---|||||txtrdacontentcrdamediacrrdacarrierSilicon photonics an introduction /Graham T. Reed, Andrew P. KnightsChichester ;Hoboken, NJ John Wileyc20041 online resource (277 p.)Description based upon print version of record.9780470870341 0-470-87034-6 Includes bibliographical references and index.Silicon Photonics; Contents; About the Authors; Foreword; Acknowledgements; 1 Fundamentals; 1.1 What is Phase?; 1.2 What is Polarisation?; 1.3 What is Interference?; 2 The Basics of Guided Waves; 2.1 The Ray Optics Approach to Describing Planar Waveguides; 2.2 Reflection Coefficients; 2.3 Phase of a Propagating Wave and its Wavevector; 2.4 Modes of a Planar Waveguide; 2.4.1 The Symmetrical Planar Waveguide; 2.4.2 The Asymmetrical Planar Waveguide; 2.4.3 Solving the Eigenvalue Equations for Symmetrical and Asymmetrical Waveguides; 2.4.4 Monomode Conditions; 2.4.5 Effective Index of a Mode2.5 A Taste of Electromagnetic Theory2.6 Simplifying and Solving the Wave Equation; 2.7 Another Look at Propagation Constants; 2.8 Mode Profiles; 2.9 Confinement Factor; 2.10 The Goos-Hänchen Shift; 3 Characteristics of Optical Fibres for Communications; 3.1 The Structure of Optical Fibres; 3.2 Modes of an Optical Fibre; 3.2.1 Modes of a Step-index Fibre; 3.2.2 Modes of a Graded-index Fibre; 3.3 Numerical Aperture and Acceptance Angle; 3.4 Dispersion in Optical Fibres; 3.4.1 Intermodal Dispersion; 3.4.2 Intramodal Dispersion3.5 Single-mode Fibres: Mode Profile, Mode-field Diameter, and Spot Size3.6 Normalised Frequency, Normalised Propagation Constant, and Cutoff Wavelength; References; 4 Silicon-on-Insulator (SOI) Photonics; 4.1 Introduction; 4.2 Silicon-on-Insulator Waveguides; 4.2.1 Modes of Two-dimensional Waveguides; 4.3 The Effective Index Method of Analysis; 4.4 Large Single-mode Rib Waveguides; 4.5 Refractive Index and Loss Coefficient in Optical Waveguides; 4.6 Contributions to Loss in an Optical Waveguide; 4.6.1 Scattering; 4.6.2 Absorption; 4.6.3 Radiation; 4.7 Coupling to the Optical Circuit4.7.1 Grating Couplers4.7.2 Butt Coupling and End-fire Coupling; 4.7.3 Robust Coupling to Waveguides for Commercial Applications; 4.7.4 Measurement of Propagation Loss in Integrated Optical Waveguides; 4.8 Optical Modulation Mechanisms in Silicon; 4.8.1 Electric Field Effects; 4.8.2 Carrier Injection or Depletion; 4.8.3 The Thermo-optic Effect; 4.9 Other Advantages and Disadvantages of Silicon Photonics; References; 5 Fabrication of Silicon Waveguide Devices; 5.1 Silicon-on-Insulator (SOI); 5.1.1 Separation by IMplanted OXygen (SIMOX); 5.1.2 Bond and Etch-back SOI (BESOI)5.1.3 Wafer Splitting (SmartCut(®) Process to Produce Unibond(®) Wafers)5.1.4 Silicon Epitaxial Growth; 5.1.5 Deciding on the SOI; 5.2 Fabrication of Surface Etched Features; 5.2.1 Photolithography; 5.2.2 Silicon Etching; 5.2.3 Critical Dimension Control; 5.3 Oxidation; 5.4 Formation of Submicron Silicon Waveguides; 5.4.1 Silicon Dioxide Thickness; 5.4.2 Surface and Interface Roughness; 5.4.3 Sidewall Roughness; 5.5 Silicon Doping; 5.5.1 Ion Implantation; 5.5.2 The Implantation System; 5.5.3 Implantation Parameters; 5.5.4 Dopant Activation and Drive-in; 5.6 Metallisation; 5.6.1 Via Formation5.6.2 Metal DepositionThe growing demand for instant and reliable communication means that photonic circuits are increasingly finding applications in optical communications systems. One of the prime candidates to provide satisfactory performance at low cost in the photonic circuit is silicon. Whilst silicon photonics is less well developed as compared to some other material technologies, it is poised to make a serious impact on the telecommunications industry, as well as in many other applications, as other technologies fail to meet the yield/performance/cost trade-offs. Following a sympathetic tutorial approach,Optoelectronic devicesSiliconOptical propertiesPhotonicsOptoelectronic devices.SiliconOptical properties.Photonics.621.38152Reed Graham T286110Knights Andrew P286109MiAaPQMiAaPQMiAaPQBOOK9910877642003321Silicon photonics757863UNINA