09331nam 22004213 450 991086418580332120240524080320.03-031-59031-7(CKB)32138432200041(MiAaPQ)EBC31352127(Au-PeEL)EBL31352127(EXLCZ)993213843220004120240524d2024 uy 0engur|||||||||||txtrdacontentcrdamediacrrdacarrierCongenital Spine Malformations Clinical and Surgical Aspects1st ed.Cham :Springer International Publishing AG,2024.©2024.1 online resource (229 pages)3-031-59030-9 Intro -- Contents -- Contributors -- Chapter 1: General Introduction to Congenital Spine Malformations -- References -- Chapter 2: Epidemiology of Congenital Spine Malformation -- 2.1 Introduction -- 2.2 Spina Bifida -- 2.3 Klippel Feil Syndrome -- 2.4 Congenital Scoliosis -- 2.5 Congenital Kyphosis -- 2.6 Congenital Lordosis -- References -- Chapter 3: The Diagnosis of Congenital Spine Malformations -- 3.1 Introduction -- 3.2 Types of Congenital Spine Malformations -- 3.3 Clinical Manifestations -- 3.4 Prenatal Diagnosis -- 3.4.1 Laboratory Tests -- Triple Screen Blood Test -- Amniocentesis -- 3.4.2 Ultrasonography -- 3.4.3 Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) -- 3.5 Postnatal Diagnosis -- 3.5.1 Clinical Examination -- 3.5.2 Plain Radiography -- 3.5.3 Ultrasonography -- 3.5.4 Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) -- 3.6 Conclusion -- References -- Chapter 4: Kyphosis -- 4.1 Introduction -- 4.2 Scheuermann's Kyphosis -- 4.3 Clinical Evaluation of Scheuermann's Kyphosis -- 4.4 Clinical Presentation -- 4.5 Indications for Surgery -- 4.6 Indications for Surgical Treatment -- 4.7 Clinical Presentation/Complications -- 4.8 Diagnostic Investigations -- 4.9 Examination -- 4.10 Imaging -- 4.11 Other Tests -- 4.12 Treatment -- 4.13 Physical Therapy and Exercise -- 4.14 Medications -- 4.15 Surgery -- References -- Chapter 5: Lordosis -- 5.1 Introduction -- 5.2 Mechanism -- 5.3 Epidemiology -- 5.4 Etiology -- 5.5 Patient's Presentation -- 5.6 Work up -- 5.7 Complications -- 5.8 Associated Conditions -- 5.9 Treatment -- 5.9.1 Anterior Fusion -- 5.9.2 Corrective Surgery -- 5.10 Prognosis -- References -- Chapter 6: Scoliosis -- 6.1 Introduction -- 6.2 Clinical Presentation -- 6.3 History and Examination -- 6.4 Modalities of Diagnosis of Scoliosis -- 6.4.1 Diagnosis Depends on Clinical Evaluation and Imaging Techniques -- 6.4.2 X-Ray -- 6.4.3 CT Scan -- 6.4.4 MRI Scan.6.5 Treatment of Scoliosis -- 6.5.1 Observation -- 6.5.2 Bracing -- 6.5.3 Surgery -- 6.6 Complication of Scoliosis -- 6.7 Prevention -- References -- Chapter 7: Spina Bifida -- 7.1 Introduction -- 7.2 Definition of Spina Bifida -- 7.3 Classification of Spina Bifida -- 7.3.1 Myelomeningocele -- 7.3.2 Meningocele -- 7.3.3 Spina Bifida Occuluta (SBO) -- 7.3.4 Lipomyeloschisis (Dorsal Spinal Dysraphism) -- 7.4 Causes and Risk Factors of Spina Bifida -- 7.4.1 Nutritional Factors -- 7.4.2 Environmental Factors -- 7.4.3 Genetic Factors -- 7.5 Clinical Presentation -- 7.5.1 Neurological Manifestations -- 7.5.2 Orthopedic Manifestations -- 7.5.3 Signs -- 7.6 Diagnosis -- 7.6.1 Prenatal Screening and Diagnosis -- Alpha-Fetoprotein (AFP) -- Ultrasonography -- Post-natal Diagnosis and Investigation -- 7.7 Prevention -- 7.8 Management -- 7.8.1 Pre-natal Management -- 7.8.2 Post-natal Management -- Steps of Lesion Management -- Surgical Technique of Myelomeningocele Repair -- 7.8.3 Post-operative Management -- References -- Chapter 8: Spinal Canal Stenosis -- 8.1 Lumbar Spinal Stenosis -- 8.2 Pathology of Lumbar Spine Stenosis -- 8.3 Typical Presentation of Lumbar Spinal Stenosis -- 8.4 Approach to the Patient with Lumbar Spinal Stenosis -- 8.5 Investigations and Tests for Lumbar Spinal Stenosis -- 8.6 Palin Radiographs -- 8.7 Magnetic Resonance Imaging -- 8.8 CT-Myelography -- 8.9 Complications of CT Myelography -- 8.10 Bicycle/Treadmill Tests -- 8.11 Electrodiagnostic Testing -- 8.12 EMG Limitations -- 8.12.1 Diagnosis of Lumbar Spinal Stenosis -- 8.13 Treatment -- 8.14 Surgical Techniques Used in Lumbar Spinal Stenosis -- 8.15 Central Laminectomy -- 8.16 Central Laminectomy -- 8.17 Laminectomy with Lateral Recess Decompression and Foraminotomy -- 8.18 Laminoplasty -- 8.19 Posterior Spinal Fusion -- 8.20 Interbody Fusion -- 8.21 Interspinous Devices.8.22 Indications to Use Interspinous Devices -- References -- Chapter 9: Dorsal Enteric Fistula -- 9.1 Introduction -- 9.2 Classification -- 9.3 Embryogenesis and Pathophysiology -- 9.3.1 Formation of the Neurenteric Canal -- 9.3.2 Theories -- 9.4 Clinical Features -- 9.5 Types of Posterior Enteric Remnants -- 9.6 Presentation -- 9.7 Neuroimaging -- 9.8 Management -- References -- Chapter 10: Neuroenteric Cyst of the Spine -- 10.1 Introduction -- 10.2 Pathogenesis -- 10.3 The PNC Lumen Fails to Close -- 10.4 Clinical Presentation of Neuroenteric Cyst (NEC) of the Spine -- 10.5 Diagnosis of Neuroenteric Cyst (NEC) of the Spine -- 10.5.1 Diagnostic Imaging -- 10.5.2 Diagnostic Histopathology -- 10.6 Management of Neuroenteric Cysts (NECs) of the Spine -- 10.7 Prognosis and Clinical Outcomes -- 10.8 Conclusion -- References -- Chapter 11: Dermal Sinus -- 11.1 Introduction -- 11.2 Embryogenesis -- 11.3 Clinical Presentation -- 11.4 Diagnostic Studies -- 11.5 Management -- 11.6 Complications -- 11.7 Follow Up -- 11.8 Outcome -- References -- Chapter 12: Split Cord Malformations -- 12.1 Introduction -- 12.2 History -- 12.3 Embryology -- 12.4 Clinical Features -- 12.5 Diagnostic Aids -- 12.6 Management -- 12.7 Operative Technique for Type I SCM -- 12.8 Operative Technique for Type II SCM -- 12.8.1 Complications -- 12.9 Outcome -- References -- Chapter 13: Caudal Regression Syndrome -- 13.1 Introduction -- 13.2 Epidemiology -- 13.3 Etiology -- 13.4 Related Conditions -- 13.5 Types of CRS and Sirenomelia -- 13.6 Signs and Symptoms -- 13.7 Diagnosis -- 13.8 Treatment -- 13.9 Prevention -- References -- Chapter 14: Segmental Spinal Dysgenesis -- 14.1 Introduction -- 14.2 Embryogenesis of SSD -- 14.3 Pathogenesis of Classification -- 14.4 Clinical Features -- 14.5 Investigations -- 14.6 Management -- References -- Chapter 15: Intradural Lipoma -- 15.1 Embryology.15.2 Classification -- 15.3 Location -- 15.4 Diagnosis -- 15.4.1 Imaging Modalities -- 15.4.2 Gross Picture -- 15.4.3 Microscopic Picture -- 15.5 Clinical Presentation -- 15.5.1 Time of Presentation -- 15.5.2 Signs and Symptoms -- 15.5.3 Tethered Cord Syndrome -- 15.6 Management -- 15.6.1 Different Management Plans -- 15.6.2 The Goal of Surgery and the Best Surgical Technique -- 15.6.3 When to Do the Surgery -- 15.6.4 Prognosis and Sequela after Surgery -- 15.6.5 Total Resection Dangers and Extent of Lipoma Debulking -- 15.7 Conclusion -- References -- Chapter 16: Filum Lipoma -- 16.1 Introduction -- 16.1.1 Embryology and Pathogenesis -- 16.2 Anatomy of Filum Terminate -- 16.3 Biochemistry -- 16.4 Histology and Histopathology -- 16.5 Clinical Features -- 16.6 Investigations -- 16.7 Classification and Grading -- 16.8 Management -- 16.9 Surgical Approach (Interlaminar Approach) -- 16.10 Prognosis -- References -- Chapter 17: Tight Filum Terminale -- 17.1 Introduction -- 17.2 Pathophysiology -- 17.3 Diagnosis -- 17.3.1 Clinical Presentation -- 17.3.2 Neuroimaging -- 17.4 Management -- 17.4.1 Preoperative Considerations -- 17.4.2 Intraoperative Management and Procedure -- 17.4.3 Postoperative Management -- 17.5 Complications -- 17.6 Prognosis and Outcomes -- References -- Chapter 18: Abnormally Elongated Spinal Cord -- 18.1 Overview -- 18.2 Types of Spina Bifida -- 18.3 Causes -- 18.4 Preventing Spina Bifida with Folic Acid -- References -- Chapter 19: Persistent Terminal Ventricle -- 19.1 Introduction -- 19.2 Pathogenesis and Pathophysiology -- 19.3 Clinical Presentation -- 19.4 Differential Diagnosis and Diagnosis -- 19.5 Investigations -- 19.5.1 Imaging -- 19.5.2 Sonography -- 19.6 Management -- 19.7 Conclusion -- References -- Chapter 20: Terminal Myelocystocele -- 20.1 Introduction -- 20.2 Etiology and Pathogenesis -- 20.3 Diagnosis.20.3.1 History and Clinical Presentation -- 20.3.2 Physical Examination -- 20.3.3 Neuroimaging -- 20.3.4 Other Investigations -- 20.4 Management -- 20.4.1 Surgical Procedure -- 20.4.2 Pre- and Post-operative Observations -- 20.4.3 Prevention -- 20.5 Complications and Prognosis -- References -- Chapter 21: Cervical Myelocystocele -- 21.1 Introduction -- 21.2 Presentations -- 21.3 Diagnosis -- 21.4 Treatment -- 21.5 Complications and Follow Up -- References -- Chapter 22: Congenital Spine Malformation in the Arab World -- 22.1 Introduction -- 22.2 Epidemiology -- 22.3 Etiology and Pathogenesis -- 22.4 Prevention -- References -- Index.AlAli Khaled Fares1740643Hashim Hashim Talib1740644MiAaPQMiAaPQMiAaPQBOOK9910864185803321Congenital Spine Malformations4166424UNINA