05015oam 22009854 450 991077950100332120230802005517.01-4755-7529-71-4755-3330-6(CKB)2550000000107537(EBL)1606778(SSID)ssj0000940768(PQKBManifestationID)11494011(PQKBTitleCode)TC0000940768(PQKBWorkID)10955893(PQKB)10694283(MiAaPQ)EBC1606778(Au-PeEL)EBL1606778(CaPaEBR)ebr10579623(OCoLC)870245005(IMF)WPIEE2012147(EXLCZ)99255000000010753720020129d2012 uf 0engur|n|---|||||txtccrInflation and Income Inequality : Is Food Inflation Different? /James Walsh, Jiangyan YuWashington, D.C. :International Monetary Fund,2012.1 online resource (23 p.)IMF Working PapersDescription based upon print version of record.1-4755-3790-5 1-4755-0416-0 Includes bibliographical references.Cover; Contents; I. Introduction and Background; II. Stylized Facts; A. Inflation and Macroeconomic Data; B. Inequality Data; Figures; Figure 1: Cross Country: GDP Per Capita and Change of Gini, 2000-2010; Figure 2: Cross Country: Food Inflation and Change of Gini, 2000-2010; Figure 3: Cross Country: Non-food Inflation and Change of Gini, 2000-2010; C. China; Figure 4. China: Provincial GDP Per Capita and Change of Inequality, 2000-2005; Figure 5. China: Food Inflation and Change of Theil Index, 2000-2005; D. India; E. Other DataFigure 6. China: Non-food Inflation and Change of Theil Index, 2000-2005Figure 7. India: Inequality and GDP per capita by State; Figure 8. Per capita GDP growth and change in GINI; III. Methodology; IV. Results; A. International Sample; B. China; C. India; V. Conclusion; Tables; 1. International Sample: Headline Inflation; 2. International Sample: Food and Nonfood CPI; 3. China: Headline Inflation; 4. China: Food and Nonfood CPI; 5. India: Headline CPI, Rural Areas; 6. India: Headline CPI, Urban Areas; 7. India: Food and Nonfood CPI, Rural Areas; 8. India: Food and Nonfood CPI, Urban AreasReferencesThere is an extensive literature noting that high inflation can add to income inequality, and a parallel literature assessing the effect of rising food prices on the poor. This paper attempts to combine these strands by dividing inflation into food and nonfood inflation and assessing whether food inflation affects income inequality differently from nonfood inflation. In an international sample and a sample of Chinese provinces, nonfood inflation exacerbates income inequality while the role of food inflation is more mixed. In a sample of Indian states broken down into urban and rural areas, we find that nonfood inflation adds to income inequality in both areas, while food inflation has a neutral to positive effect on income inequality in rural areas, providing support for the theory that rural wages may respond elastically to food prices.IMF Working Papers; Working Paper ;No. 2012/147Food pricesIncome distributionInflation (Finance)InflationimfMacroeconomicsimfPrice LevelimfDeflationimfPersonal Income, Wealth, and Their DistributionsimfUrban, Rural, and Regional Economics: GeneralimfAggregate Factor Income DistributionimfAgriculture: Aggregate Supply and Demand AnalysisimfPricesimfIncome inequalityimfIncome distributionimfFood pricesimfPersonal incomeimfNational accountsimfIncomeimfIndiaimfFood prices.Income distribution.Inflation (Finance)InflationMacroeconomicsPrice LevelDeflationPersonal Income, Wealth, and Their DistributionsUrban, Rural, and Regional Economics: GeneralAggregate Factor Income DistributionAgriculture: Aggregate Supply and Demand AnalysisPricesIncome inequalityIncome distributionFood pricesPersonal incomeNational accountsIncomeWalsh James1481165Yu Jiangyan1481166DcWaIMFBOOK9910779501003321Inflation and Income Inequality3698044UNINA07525nam 2200505 450 991083098380332120211012082241.01-119-48917-21-119-47687-91-119-48915-6(CKB)4100000011804770(MiAaPQ)EBC6523028(Au-PeEL)EBL6523028(OCoLC)1243547248(PPN)259878073(EXLCZ)99410000001180477020211012d2021 uy 0engurcnu||||||||txtrdacontentcrdamediacrrdacarrierSystematics and the exploration of life /edited by Philippe Grandcolas, Marie-Christine MaurelLondon :ISTE ;Hoboken, NJ :John Wiley & Sons, Inc.,2021.1 online resource (245 pages)1-78630-265-9 Includes bibliographical references and index.Cover -- Half-Title Page -- Title Page -- Copyright Page -- Contents -- Introduction: Exploring Biodiversity: Science Must Seize the Unknown 80% -- References -- 1 Symmetry of Shapes in Biology: from D'Arcy Thompson to Morphometrics -- 1.1. Introduction -- 1.2. D'Arcy Thompson, symmetry and morphometrics -- 1.3. Isometries and symmetry groups -- 1.4. Biological asymmetries -- 1.5. Principles of geometric morphometrics -- 1.6. The treatment of symmetry in morphometrics -- 1.7. Some examples of applications -- 1.8. Conclusion -- 1.9. References -- 2 Impact of a Point Mutation in a Protein Structure -- 2.1. Composition -- 2.2. Folding -- 2.3. Substitution(s) in protein structures -- 2.4. Effect on overall structure and function -- 2.5. Effect on stability -- 2.6. Effect on the peptide backbone -- 2.7. Conclusion -- 2.8. References -- 3 The Role of Taxonomy and Natural History in the Study of the Evolution of Eneopterinae Crickets -- 3.1. Introduction -- 3.2. Taxonomy in modern comparative approaches -- 3.3. A model group -- 3.4. Contribution of taxonomy for phylogenetic reconstructions and classification -- 3.4.1. Monophyly -- 3.4.2. Recent taxonomic contributions -- 3.4.3. Phylogeny and taxonomy -- 3.5. Contribution of taxonomy to biogeography -- 3.5.1. New Caledonia -- 3.5.2. Southeast Asia -- 3.6. Taxonomic exploration and evolution of species traits -- 3.7. Conclusion -- 3.8. Acknowledgments -- 3.9. References -- 4 Systematics in the (Post)genomic Era: A Look at the Drosophila Model -- 4.1. Drosophila: a star of genetics but a systematic nebula -- 4.2. Subspecies: identification of "genomic islands of divergence"? -- 4.3. Species complexes: congruence between species trees and gene trees -- 4.4. Supraspecific ranks: phylogeny, genome and morphome -- 4.5. Conclusion -- 4.6. Acknowledgments -- 4.7. References.5 Dealing with Multiple Environments: The Challenges of the Trypanosome Lifecycle -- 5.1. Human African trypanosomiasis, the disease -- 5.2. Cell biology of Trypanosoma brucei -- 5.3. Survival and maturation of T. brucei in the tsetse vector -- 5.4. Adaptations of T. brucei to the mammalian host -- 5.5. Conclusion -- 5.6. References -- 6 Challenges Inherent in the Systematics and Taxonomy of Genera that have Recently Experienced Explosive Radiation: The Case of Orchids of the Genus Ophrys -- 6.1. Introduction -- 6.2. Speciation in Ophrys: an evolutionary divergence seen as a reticulated continuum -- 6.2.1. Difficulty in applying the biological concept of the species in the case of Ophrys -- 6.2.2. Causes of reproductive isolation in Ophrys -- 6.2.3. Consequences of the implementation of reproductive isolation in the particular case of the genus Ophrys -- 6.3. Current state of knowledge on Ophrys systematics -- 6.3.1. Molecular systematics: overview of current knowledge -- 6.3.2. Molecular systematics in the age of phylogenomics -- 6.4. Integrative genomics and taxonomy: perspectives and issues -- 6.4.1. Moving towards a generalization of data sets at the genomic scale -- 6.4.2. Integrative taxonomy approach -- 6.5. Conclusion -- 6.6. Acknowledgments -- 6.7. References -- 7 Exploration and Origins of Biodiversity in Madagascar: The Message of Ferns -- 7.1. Introduction -- 7.2. Madagascar: a complex biogeographical context -- 7.2.1. An insular continental territory that is not so isolated -- 7.2.2. Gradients, ecosystem diversity and biodiversity -- 7.3. Ferns and lycophytes: an ideal model for the biogeography of Madagascar -- 7.4. Origins of the lineages of ferns in Madagascar -- 7.4.1. Multiple long-distance dispersions -- 7.4.2. The Neotropics: a non-exclusive but preponderant role -- 7.4.3. Africa: a truly minimal role or an underestimated role?.7.5. The example of Rumohra: dispersions to Madagascar and around the world -- 7.6. Conclusion -- 7.7. References -- 8 Mediterranean and Atlantic Algae, a Fraternal Relationship? -- 8.1. Introduction -- 8.1.1. Seaweeds -- 8.1.2. The systematics of algae -- 8.1.3. Algae distribution on a global scale -- 8.1.4. Seaweeds on the Atlantic and Mediterranean coasts -- 8.1.5. Challenge of the study -- 8.2. Materials and methods -- 8.2.1. Sampling strategy -- 8.2.2. Acquisition of molecular data -- 8.2.3. Analysis of phylogenetic relationships between Atlantic and Mediterranean specimens -- 8.3. Results -- 8.4. Discussion -- 8.5. Acknowledgments -- 8.6. References -- 9 Ontogeny and Evolution of the Hyperorgan of Delphinieae -- 9.1. Introduction -- 9.2. Synorganization: a concept, definitions -- 9.2.1. Adolf Remane and the synorganization of animal structures -- 9.2.2. A concept adopted by botanists, and by flower specialists in particular -- 9.2.3. A concept to be limited organically, and to be placed in a phylogenetic framework -- 9.3. Ontogeny and evolution of the hyperorgan of Delphinieae -- 9.3.1. Disparity of the hyperorgan in the tribe -- 9.3.2. Ontogeny of the synorganized structure -- 9.3.3. Evolving trends and convergences -- 9.4. The study of synorganization in evolutionary biology -- 9.4.1. Lessons learned from the synorganization study -- 9.4.2. Scientometrics to measure the impact of the concept of synorganization in evolutionary biology -- 9.4.3. Synchronization, integration, co-adaptation, redundant concepts? -- 9.5. Conclusion -- 9.6. Acknowledgments -- 9.7. References -- 10 Identification of Interspecific Chromosomal Homologies: Chromosomal Microdissection and Chromosomal Painting in Antarctic Teleosts Nototheniidae -- 10.1. Introduction -- 10.1.1. Homologies, painting and chromosomal microdissection -- 10.1.2. ICH research in Nototheniidae.10.2. Materials and methods -- 10.2.1. Materials -- 10.2.2. Methods -- 10.3. Results -- 10.3.1. Microdissection -- 10.3.2. Painting -- 10.4. Discussion -- 10.4.1. Technical aspects developed and prospects for improvement of the painting signal -- 10.4.2. The largest pair of chromosomes of T. pennellii, the product of two chromosomal fusions (roberstonian and tandem) -- 10.5. Conclusion -- 10.6. References -- List of Authors -- Index -- Other titles from iSTE in Biology and Biomedical Engineering -- EULA.BiologyClassificationPhylogenyBiologyPhylogeny.574.012Grandcolas PhilippeMaurel Marie-ChristineMiAaPQMiAaPQMiAaPQBOOK9910830983803321Systematics and the exploration of life4054722UNINA