04860nam 22006254a 450 991083043320332120230721025954.01-280-83880-997866108388060-470-09477-X0-470-09476-1(CKB)1000000000356511(EBL)291277(OCoLC)128048147(SSID)ssj0000111715(PQKBManifestationID)11132983(PQKBTitleCode)TC0000111715(PQKBWorkID)10081136(PQKB)11347431(MiAaPQ)EBC291277(EXLCZ)99100000000035651120060908d2007 uy 0engur|n|---|||||txtccrBioequivalence studies in drug development[electronic resource] methods and applications /Dieter Hauschke, Volker Steinijans, Iris PigeotChichester, West Sussex, England ;Hoboken, NJ Wileyc20071 online resource (330 p.)Statistics in practiceDescription based upon print version of record.0-470-09475-3 Includes bibliographical references and indexes.Bioequivalence Studies in Drug Development; Contents; Preface; 1 Introduction; 1.1 Definitions; 1.1.1 Bioavailability; 1.1.2 Bioequivalence; 1.1.3 Therapeutic equivalence; 1.2 When are bioequivalence studies performed; 1.2.1 Applications for products containing new active substances; 1.2.2 Applications for products containing approved active substances; 1.2.3 Applications for modified release forms essentially similar to a marketed modified release form; 1.3 Design and conduct of bioequivalence studies; 1.3.1 Crossover design and alternatives; 1.3.2 Single- vs. multiple-dose studies1.3.3 Pharmacokinetic characteristics1.3.4 Subjects; 1.3.5 Statistical models; 1.3.5.1 Average bioequivalence; 1.3.5.2 Population bioequivalence; 1.3.5.3 Individual bioequivalence; 1.3.6 Sample size; 1.4 Aims and structure of the book; References; 2 Metrics to characterize concentration-time profiles in single- and multiple-dose bioequivalence studies; 2.1 Introduction; 2.2 Pharmacokinetic characteristics (metrics) for single-dose studies; 2.2.1 Extent of bioavailability; 2.2.2 Rate of bioavailability; 2.3 Pharmacokinetic rate and extent characteristics (metrics) for multiple-dose studies2.4 ConclusionsReferences; 3 Basic statistical considerations; 3.1 Introduction; 3.2 Additive and multiplicative model; 3.2.1 The normal distribution; 3.2.2 The lognormal distribution; 3.3 Hypotheses testing; 3.3.1 Consumer and producer risk; 3.3.2 Types of hypotheses; 3.3.2.1 Test for difference; 3.3.2.2 Test for superiority; 3.3.2.3 Test for noninferiority; 3.3.2.4 Test for equivalence; 3.3.3 Difference versus ratio of expected means; 3.3.3.1 The normal distribution; 3.3.3.2 The lognormal distribution; 3.4 The RT/TR crossover design assuming an additive model3.4.1 Additive model and effects3.4.2 Parametric analysis based on t-tests; 3.4.2.1 Test for difference in carryover effects; 3.4.2.2 Test for difference in formulation effects; 3.4.2.3 Test for difference in period effects; 3.4.3 Nonparametric analysis based on Wilcoxon rank sum tests; 3.4.3.1 Test for difference in carryover effects; 3.4.3.2 Test for difference in formulation effects; 3.4.3.3 Test for difference in period effects; References; 4 Assessment of average bioequivalence in the RT/TR design; 4.1 Introduction; 4.2 The RT/TR crossover design assuming a multiplicative model5 Power and sample size determination for testing average bioequivalence in the RT/TR designStudies in bioequivalence are the commonly accepted method to demonstrate therapeutic equivalence between two medicinal products. Savings in time and cost are substantial when using bioequivalence as an established surrogate marker of therapeutic equivalence. For this reason the design, performance and evaluation of bioequivalence studies have received major attention from academia, the pharmaceutical industry and health authorities. Bioequivalence Studies in Drug Development focuses on the planning, conducting, analysing and reporting of bioequivalence studies, covering all aspects rStatistics in practice.DrugsTherapeutic equivalencyDrugsTherapeutic equivalency.615.19615/.19Hauschke Dieter1647692Steinijans Volker1647693Pigeot Iris1647694MiAaPQMiAaPQMiAaPQBOOK9910830433203321Bioequivalence studies in drug development3995421UNINA