03066oam 22006735 450 991082847610332120240402073556.00-8213-9909-810.1596/978-0-8213-9908-8(CKB)3710000000088620(EBL)1644028(SSID)ssj0001108380(PQKBManifestationID)11775171(PQKBTitleCode)TC0001108380(PQKBWorkID)11085800(PQKB)11425287(MiAaPQ)EBC1644028(DLC) 2014006262(Au-PeEL)EBL1644028(CaPaEBR)ebr10837871(CaONFJC)MIL577787(OCoLC)871781525(The World Bank)18034698(US-djbf)18034698(EXLCZ)99371000000008862020140207d2014 uy 0engurcn|||||||||txtrdacontentnrdamediancrdacarrierThe inverting pyramid pension systems facing demographic challenges in Europe and Central Asia /Anita M. Schwarz and Omar S. Arias1st ed.Washington, DC :World Bank,c2014.1 online resource (xxii, 276 pages) illustrations (chiefly color) ;24 cmEurope and Central Asia reportsEurope and Central Asia reportsDescription based upon print version of record.0-8213-9908-X Includes bibliographical references.Executive summary -- The inverting pyramid -- The evolution of public pension programs -- Have the pension reforms to date been enough? -- The role of savings in the provision of retirement income -- Financing pensions in Europe and Central Asia -- Working more, longer, and more productively -- Lessons from two decades of pension reform and policy solutions for the future.Europe's pension systems -among the most celebrated features of its social welfare model- face tremendous challenges. With only 11 percent of the world's population, Europe spends about 60 percent of global outlays on social protection, largely in pensions. In many countries, pension rules have encouraged people to retire sooner, while enjoying longer lives. Payroll taxes on a continuously expanding contributory base have financed these benefits. This model of pension provision is now being severely tested as pension systems reach maturity, while the population is aging and the labor force isWorld Bank e-Library.PensionsEuropePensionsAsia, CentralEuropePopulationAsia, CentralPopulationPensionsPensions331.25/2094Schwarz Anita Mahesh1957-1621485Schwarz Anita Mahesh1957-1621485DLCDLCDLCBOOK9910828476103321The inverting pyramid3954776UNINA