04070nam 2200565 450 991082693490332120230125191104.01-60650-682-X(CKB)3710000000452436(EBL)2095627(SSID)ssj0001561340(PQKBManifestationID)16200281(PQKBTitleCode)TC0001561340(PQKBWorkID)14829686(PQKB)11211561(OCoLC)914432297(CaBNvSL)swl00405296(MiAaPQ)EBC2095627(Au-PeEL)EBL2095627(CaPaEBR)ebr11078099(CaONFJC)MIL813360(EXLCZ)99371000000045243620181229d2015 uy 0engur|n|---|||||txtccrAuger electron spectroscopy practical application to materials analysis and characterization of surfaces, interfaces, and thin films /John WolstenholmeNew York, New York :Momentum Press, LLC,[2015]©20151 online resource (256 p.)Materials characterization and analysis collectionDescription based upon print version of record.1-60650-681-1 Includes bibliographical references and index.1. Introduction -- 2. The interaction of electrons with solid materials -- 3. AES methodologies -- 4. Instrumentation for auger analysis -- 5. Auger electron spectroscopy in materials analysis -- 6. Analytical methods for the characterization of materials -- Appendix 1. Abbreviations and acronyms -- Appendix 2. Quantum numbers -- Appendix 3. Comparison of surface and thin film analysis techniques -- Appendix 4. Standardization in surface analysis -- Appendix 5. Sources of the figures -- Further reading -- Index.Auger electron spectroscopy (AES) is capable of providing elemental composition and, in some restricted cases, chemical bonding information for the elements present near the surface of solid materials. The surface specificity of this technique is such that only atoms in the top 5 to 10 nm are detected. The great strength of AES is its ability to provide this information with excellent spatial resolution (down to <10 nm). It can be used to provide elemental maps of the surface, which gives rise to the term scanning Auger microscopy (SAM). When used in combination with a source of high-energy ions, it provides elemental depth profiles to depths of up to a few micrometers. The use of AES and SAM for the characterization of a wide range of technological materials is discussed. These include metals and alloys, semiconductors, nanostructures, and insulators. Its value as a tool for high- resolution elemental imaging and compositional depth profiling is illustrated. The application of the technique for obtaining compositional information from the surfaces, interfaces, and thin film structures of technological and engineering materials is demonstrated. This volume also describes the basic physical principles of AES in simple, largely qualitative, terms understandable by any undergraduate science or engineering student. Major components of typical Auger spectrometers are also described because an understanding of the instrumentation is important to anyone wishing to become a skilled analyst. Mention is also made of other types of analysis for which an Auger electron spectrometer may be used, for example, secondary electron microscopy, backscattered electron imaging, and X-ray spectroscopy. The relationship between AES and other analysis techniques is also discussed.Materials characterization and analysis collection.Electron spectroscopyElectron spectroscopy.543.0858Wolstenholme John1717217MiAaPQMiAaPQMiAaPQBOOK9910826934903321Auger electron spectroscopy4113179UNINA04123oam 2200601I 450 991015457760332120230124193912.01-351-88714-91-138-26564-01-315-23880-210.4324/9781315238807 (CKB)3710000000965656(MiAaPQ)EBC4758446(OCoLC)973030588(BIP)63378598(BIP)14047864(EXLCZ)99371000000096565620180706e20162008 uy 0engurcnu||||||||rdacontentrdamediardacarrierThe language of mineralogy John Walker, chemistry and the Edinburgh Medical School, 1750-1800 /Matthew D. EddyLondon ;New York :Routledge,2016.1 online resource (332 pages) illustrationsScience, Technology and Culture, 1700-1945"First published 2008 by Ashgate Publishing"--t.p. verso.0-7546-6332-9 1-351-88715-7 Includes bibliographical references and index.Introduction -- 1. Who was John Walker? The life of a notable naturalist -- 2. Sorting the evidence : analysis and the nomenclature of matter -- 3. Becoming a naturalist : travel, classification and patronage -- 4. Systematic mineralogy : arranging the fabric of the globe -- 5. Ordering the earth : the chemical foundations of geology -- Conclusion.Classification is an important part of science, yet the specific methods used to construct Enlightenment systems of natural history have proven to be the bête noir of studies of eighteenth-century culture. One reason that systematic classification has received so little attention is that natural history was an extremely diverse subject which appealed to a wide range of practitioners, including wealthy patrons, professionals, and educators. In order to show how the classification practices of a defined institutional setting enabled naturalists to create systems of natural history, this book focuses on developments at Edinburgh's medical school, one of Europe's leading medical programs. In particular, it concentrates on one of Scotland's most influential Enlightenment naturalists, Rev Dr John Walker, the professor of natural history at the school from 1779 to 1803. Walker was a traveller, cleric, author and advisor to extremely powerful aristocratic and government patrons, as well as teacher to hundreds of students, some of whom would go on to become influential industrialists, scientists, physicians and politicians. This book explains how Walker used his networks of patrons and early training in chemistry to become an eighteenth-century naturalist. Walker's mineralogy was based firmly in chemistry, an approach common in Edinburgh's medical school, but a connection that has been generally overlooked in the history of British geology. By explicitly connecting eighteenth-century geology to the chemistry being taught in medical settings, this book offers a dynamic new interpretation of the nascent earth sciences as they were practiced in Enlightenment Britain. Because of Walker's influence on his many students, the book also provides a unique insight into how many of Britain's leading Regency and Victorian intellectuals were taught to think about the composition and structure of the material world.Science, technology, and culture, 1700-1945.NaturalistsScotlandBiographyScienceScotlandHistory18th centuryMineralogyScotlandNatural historyScotlandEnlightenmentScotlandNaturalistsScienceHistoryMineralogyNatural historyEnlightenment508.092Eddy Matthew1972-,959013MiAaPQMiAaPQMiAaPQBOOK9910154577603321The language of mineralogy2172790UNINA