06504oam 22012614 450 991082632410332120240402045632.01-4755-1201-51-4755-1200-7(CKB)2670000000278937(EBL)1607006(SSID)ssj0000943704(PQKBManifestationID)11501247(PQKBTitleCode)TC0000943704(PQKBWorkID)10978504(PQKB)10131981(MiAaPQ)EBC1607006(Au-PeEL)EBL1607006(CaPaEBR)ebr10627158(OCoLC)870245060(IMF)WPIEE2012234(IMF)WPIEA2012234(EXLCZ)99267000000027893720020129d2012 uf 0engur|n|---|||||txtccrCentral America, Panama, and the Dominican Republic : Trade Integration and Economic Performance /Stephanie Medina Cas, Andrew Swiston, Luis Barrot1st ed.Washington, D.C. :International Monetary Fund,2012.1 online resource (41 p.)IMF Working PapersIMF working paper ;WP/12/234Description based upon print version of record.1-4755-1202-3 1-4755-1084-5 Includes bibliographical references.Cover; Contents; I. Introduction and Summary; II. Historical and Prospective Economic Performance; Figures; 1. Economic Growth in CAPDR; 2. Export-to-GDP Ratios, Average 1960-2009; 3. Openness and Growth; 4. Economic Size and Outward Orientation; 5. CAPDR: Exports by Destination; III. Trade Integration Agreements and Regional Initiatives; Box 1. Mesoamerican Project; 6. CAPDR: Average Effective Tariff Rates; 7. Programmed Harmonization of Tariffs under CAPDR; 8. CAPDR: Trade Logistics, Infrastructure, and Customs; IV. The Profile of CAPDR's Exports; A. Overall Exports of Goods and Services9. CAPDR: Exports to GDP10. CAPDR: Exports of Goods and Services; B. Outward Orientation Indexes; 11. Exports of Small Countries; 12. Intra-Regional Exports of Small Countries; 13. CAPDR: Assessing Outward Orientation; 14. Sophistication of Services Exports; V. Outward Orientation and Economic Performance; A. Exports Model; Tables; 1. The Determinants of Exports to GDP; B. Growth Model; 15. Exports of Small Countries; 16. Intra-Regional Exports of Small Countries; 2. The Impact of Outward Orientation on Growth; VI. Conclusions; 17. CAPDR: Effect on Growth from Improving Export StructureAppendixesI. Country Groupings, Data Definitions and Sources, and Formulas; Appendix Tables; A.1. Countries Included in the Analysis; A.2. Data Sources; II. Key Features of Multilateral Trade Agreements Involving CAPDR; III. International Trade Agreements in CAPDR; ReferencesThis paper studies the potential for the export sector to play a more important role in promoting growth in Central America, Panama, and the Dominican Republic (CAPDR) through deeper intra-regional and global trade integration. CAPDR countries have enacted many free trade agreements and other regional integration initiatives in recent years, but this paper finds that their exports remain below the norm for countries of their size. Several indexes of outward orientation are constructed and suggest that the breadth of geographic trading relationships, depth of integration into global production chains, and degree of technological sophistication of exports in CAPDR are less conducive to higher exports and growth than in fast-growing, export-oriented economies. To boost exports and growth, CAPDR should implement policies to facilitate economic integration, particularly building a customs union, harmonizing trade rules, improving logistics and infrastructure, and enhancing regional cordination.IMF Working Papers; Working Paper ;No. 2012/234International tradeEconomic developmentCentral AmericaEconomic developmentPanamaEconomic developmentDominican RepublicExports and ImportsimfTaxationimfTrade PolicyimfInternational Trade OrganizationsimfEmpirical Studies of TradeimfEconomic IntegrationimfEconomic Growth of Open EconomiesimfMacroeconomic Analyses of Economic DevelopmentimfTrade: GeneralimfFinancial Aspects of Economic IntegrationimfInternational economicsimfPublic finance & taxationimfExportsimfTariffsimfCustoms unionsimfRegional integrationimfService exportsimfInternational tradeimfTaxesimfEconomic integrationimfTariffimfProtectionismimfInternational economic integrationimfUnited StatesimfInternational trade.Economic developmentEconomic developmentEconomic developmentExports and ImportsTaxationTrade PolicyInternational Trade OrganizationsEmpirical Studies of TradeEconomic IntegrationEconomic Growth of Open EconomiesMacroeconomic Analyses of Economic DevelopmentTrade: GeneralFinancial Aspects of Economic IntegrationInternational economicsPublic finance & taxationExportsTariffsCustoms unionsRegional integrationService exportsInternational tradeTaxesEconomic integrationTariffProtectionismInternational economic integration332.1532Medina Cas Stephanie1712416Swiston Andrew1598447Barrot Luis1712417DcWaIMFBOOK9910826324103321Central America, Panama, and the Dominican Republic4104527UNINA