05265nam 2200697 450 991082519930332120211002004354.01-4008-5162-910.1515/9781400851621(CKB)3710000000096249(EBL)1651876(OCoLC)875819048(SSID)ssj0001211498(PQKBManifestationID)11713207(PQKBTitleCode)TC0001211498(PQKBWorkID)11203806(PQKB)10456176(DE-B1597)453657(OCoLC)979835780(DE-B1597)9781400851621(Au-PeEL)EBL1651876(CaPaEBR)ebr10853265(CaONFJC)MIL586192(OCoLC)878146813(MiAaPQ)EBC1651876(EXLCZ)99371000000009624920140412h20012001 uy 0engurnn#---|u||utxtccrThe big problem of small change /Thomas J. Sargent, François R. VeldeCourse BookPrinceton, New Jersey ;Oxfordshire, England :Princeton University Press,2001.©20011 online resource (429 p.)Princeton Economic History of the Western WorldDescription based upon print version of record.0-691-11635-0 Includes bibliographical references and indexes.Front matter --Contents --Illustrations --Tables --Preface --Acknowledgments --Part I. A Problem and Its Cure --Chapter 1. Introduction --Chapter 2. A Theory --Chapter 3. Our Philosophy of History --Part II. Ideas and Technologies --Chapter 4. Technology --Chapter 5. Medieval Ideas about Coins and Money --Chapter 6. Monetary Theory in the Renaissance --Part III. Endemic Shortages and "Natural Experiments" --Chapter 7. Clues --Chapter 8. Medieval Coin Shortages --Chapter 9. Medieval Florence --Chapter 10. Medieval Venice --Chapter 11. The Price Revolution in France --Chapter 12. Token and Siege Monies --Part IV. Cures and Side-effects --Chapter 13. The Age of Copper --Chapter 14. Inflation in Spain --Chapter 15. Copycat Inflations in Seventeenth-Century Europe --Chapter 16. England Stumbles toward the Solution --Chapter 17. Britain, the Gold Standard, and the Standard Formula Chapter --Chapter 18. The Triumph of the Standard Formula --Chapter 19. Ideas, Policies, and Outcomes --Part V. A Formal Theory --Chapter 20. A Theory of Full-Bodied Small Change --Chapter 21. The Model --Chapter 22. Shortages: Causes and Symptoms --Chapter 23. Arrangements to Eliminate Coin Shortages --Chapter 24. Our Model and Our History --Glossary --References --Legal Citations Index --Author Index --Subject IndexThe Big Problem of Small Change offers the first credible and analytically sound explanation of how a problem that dogged monetary authorities for hundreds of years was finally solved. Two leading economists, Thomas Sargent and François Velde, examine the evolution of Western European economies through the lens of one of the classic problems of monetary history--the recurring scarcity and depreciation of small change. Through penetrating and clearly worded analysis, they tell the story of how monetary technologies, doctrines, and practices evolved from 1300 to 1850; of how the "standard formula" was devised to address an age-old dilemma without causing inflation. One big problem had long plagued commodity money (that is, money literally worth its weight in gold): governments were hard-pressed to provide a steady supply of small change because of its high costs of production. The ensuing shortages hampered trade and, paradoxically, resulted in inflation and depreciation of small change. After centuries of technological progress that limited counterfeiting, in the nineteenth century governments replaced the small change in use until then with fiat money (money not literally equal to the value claimed for it)--ensuring a secure flow of small change. But this was not all. By solving this problem, suggest Sargent and Velde, modern European states laid the intellectual and practical basis for the diverse forms of money that make the world go round today. This keenly argued, richly imaginative, and attractively illustrated study presents a comprehensive history and theory of small change. The authors skillfully convey the intuition that underlies their rigorous analysis. All those intrigued by monetary history will recognize this book for the standard that it is.Princeton economic history of the Western world.MoneyEuropeHistoryCoinsEuropeHistoryMintsEuropeHistoryMoneyHistory.CoinsHistory.MintsHistory.332.4/94QK 100BSZrvkSargent Thomas J.120324Velde François R.MiAaPQMiAaPQMiAaPQBOOK9910825199303321The big problem of small change4121389UNINA05163nam 22005173 450 991031064380332120240308225721.03-631-75354-310.3726/b13876(CKB)4100000007655084(MiAaPQ)EBC30686109(Au-PeEL)EBL30686109(EXLCZ)99410000000765508420230911d2012 uy 0engurcnu||||||||txtrdacontentcrdamediacrrdacarrierSocial Institutions, Gender Inequality, and Regional Convergence in Developing Countries1st ed.Frankfurt a.M. :Peter Lang GmbH, Internationaler Verlag der Wissenschaften,2012.©2012.1 online resource (258 pages)Goettinger Studien Zur Entwicklungsoekonomik / Goettingen Studies in Development Economics Series ;v.33Cover -- Editor's Preface -- Author's Preface -- List of Tables -- List of Figures -- List of Abbreviations -- Introduction and Overview -- I Social institutions and gender inequality -- 1 The Social Institutions and Gender Index (SIGI) -- 1.1 Introduction -- 1.2 The Database -- 1.3 Construction of the Subindices -- 1.3.1 Measuring the Association between Categorical Variables -- 1.3.2 Aggregating Variables to Build a Subindex -- 1.4 The Social Institutions and Gender Index (SIGI) -- 1.5 Results -- 1.5.1 Country Rankings and Regional Patterns -- 1.5.2 Simple Correlation with other Gender-related Indices -- 1.5.3 Regression Analysis -- 1.6 Conclusion -- 1.7 Tables -- 1.8 Figures -- 2 Why care about social inst. related to gender ineq. -- 2.1 Introduction -- 2.2 Social Institutions and Household Decisions -- 2.2.1 Social Institutions and Female Education -- 2.2.2 Social Institutions and Fertility and Child Mortality Rates -- 2.3 Social Institutions and the Society: Governance -- 2.4 Data -- 2.5 Empirical estimation and Results -- 2.5.1 Empirical estimation -- 2.5.2 Results -- 2.6 Conclusion -- 2.7 Tables -- 3 Reexamining the link between gender and corruption -- 3.1 Introduction -- 3.2 Empirical Estimation and Results -- 3.2.1 Data -- 3.2.2 Empirical Estimation -- 3.2.3 Results -- 3.3 Conclusion -- 3.4 Tables -- 3.5 Figures -- II Regional growth convergence in Colombia -- 4 Regional convergence in Colombia: Income indicators -- 4.1 Introduction -- 4.2 Motivation and Background -- 4.2.1 Economic Background -- 4.2.2 Data Issues Affecting Convergence Results in Colombia -- 4.3 The Solow Model and Its Estimation -- 4.3.1 The Solow Model -- 4.3.2 Absolute Beta-Convergence -- 4.3.3 Conditional Convergence -- 4.3.4 Parameter Heterogeneity: Are There Different Steady States? -- 4.3.5 Sigma-Convergence -- 4.4 Distributional Approach: Quah's Critique.4.5 Empirical Estimation and Results -- 4.5.1 Sigma-Convergence -- 4.5.2 Absolute Beta-Convergence -- 4.5.3 Conditional Beta-Convergence Using Control Variables -- 4.5.4 Beta-Convergence Using Time-Series Cross-Sectional Data -- 4.5.5 Kernel Density Estimators -- 4.6 Conclusions -- 4.7 Tables -- 4.8 Figures -- 5 Regional convergence in Colombia: Social indicators -- 5.1 Introduction -- 5.2 Motivation -- 5.3 Methods for Measuring Convergence -- 5.4 Data and Empirical Estimation -- 5.4.1 Data -- 5.4.2 Empirical estimation -- 5.5 Results -- 5.5.1 Literacy Rate -- 5.5.2 Infant Survival Rate -- 5.5.3 Life Expectancy at Birth -- 5.5.4 Nourishment -- 5.6 Conclusions -- 5.7 Tables -- 5.8 Figures -- Appendices -- Appendix to Essay 1.This book contributes to the understanding of gender and regional inequalities in developing countries. First, it deals with social institutions related to gender inequality and proposes new composite indices to measure them. Using these indices, some interesting empirical connections between social institutions related to gender inequality and several relevant development outcomes are examined at the cross-country level. The second part of the book is concerned with the historical development of another type of inequality which is relevant for developing countries: inequality between regions. The topic of regional convergence in Colombia during the last quarter of the 20th century is analyzed using different approaches and focusing on both income and social indicators.Goettinger Studien Zur Entwicklungsoekonomik / Goettingen Studies in Development Economics SeriesSocial institutionsDeveloping countriesSex discriminationDeveloping countriesEconomic developmentColombiaConvergence (Economics)Colombia20th centurySocial institutionsSex discriminationEconomic developmentConvergence (Economics)306Branisa Caballero Boris1240323MiAaPQMiAaPQMiAaPQBOOK9910310643803321Social institutions, gender inequality, and regional convergence in developing countries2877552UNINA