05398nam 2200601Ia 450 991082187070332120240418145442.00-19-971736-21-281-99847-89786611998479(CKB)24235122900041(MiAaPQ)EBC415989(MiAaPQ)EBC7038915(Au-PeEL)EBL415989(CaPaEBR)ebr10288265(CaONFJC)MIL199847(OCoLC)476246273(EXLCZ)992423512290004120080721d2009 uy 0engur|||||||||||txtrdacontentcrdamediacrrdacarrierThe world heroin market[electronic resource] can supply be cut? /Letizia Paoli, Victoria A. Greenfield, Peter Reuter1st ed.Oxford ;New York Oxford University Press2009xiii, 374 p. ill., mapsStudies in crime and public policyIncludes bibliographical references (p. 327-358) and index.Intro -- Contents -- 1 Introduction -- Prior Research -- Data Collection and Model Development -- Major Findings -- Book Outline -- PART I: THE DEVELOPMENT, COMPOSITION, AND BEHAVIOR OF THE WORLD OPIATE MARKET -- 2. The Past as Prologue: The Development of the World Opiate Market and the Rise of the International Control Regime -- Introduction -- Production and Consumption, 1800-1909 -- Development and Impact of the International Drug Control Regime, 1909-1945 -- Rise and Impact of National Controls, 1906-1945 -- Downslide and Upswing, 1945-1970, and a Brief Coda -- Concluding Remarks -- 3 The Contemporary Market -- Introduction -- Current Conditions and Market Trends -- Properties of Supply and Demand -- Supply Control Policies -- Concluding Remarks -- 4 Did the Taliban's Ban Really Matter? -- Introduction -- The Ban, the Cutback, and the Aftermath -- The Market Response -- Concluding Remarks -- 5 Keeping Track of Opiate Flows -- Introduction -- An Outline of the Approach -- Data Compilation -- Data Reconciliation -- Trafficking Routes and Opiate Flows -- Concluding Remarks -- PART II: COUNTRY STUDIES -- 6 Afghanistan and Burma: The Two Dominant Producers -- Introduction -- In Search of an Explanation -- Afghanistan: From Quasi-State Authorities to Protectors within the State? -- Burma: A Succession of Quasi-State Authorities -- Concluding Remarks -- 7 India: Diversion from Licit Cultivation -- Introduction -- Opiate Consumption -- Illicit Sources of Opiates -- Diversion from Licit Production and Its Share of the Illicit Market -- Heroin Production, Trafficking, and Export -- Concluding Remarks -- 8 Colombia: The Emergence of a New Producer -- Introduction -- Background: Cocaine, Insurgents, and Government Weakness -- The Emergence of the Opiate Industry -- Opium Production and Processing -- The Industry Players and Their Relationships.Control Efforts -- Consumption -- Concluding Remarks -- 9 Tajikistan: The Rise of a Narco-State -- Introduction -- The Expansion of the Illicit Opiate Industry: Explanatory Factors -- The Phases of Trafficking -- Tajikistan's Integration into the World Heroin Market -- The Rapid Growth of Local Opiate Consumption -- Drug-Trafficking Enterprises -- Concluding Remarks -- PART III: POLICY ANALYSIS AND IMPLICATIONS -- 10 The Theoretical and Practical Consequences of Variations in Effective Illegality -- Introduction -- The Consequences of Strict Enforcement -- The Consequences of Lax Enforcement -- The Consequences of Non-enforcement -- Two Theses on the Role of Governments in Opiate Markets -- Concluding Remarks -- 11 Synthesis of Findings and Lessons for Policy Making -- Findings on the World Opiate Market -- Suggestions for Leveraging Limited Policy Opportunities -- Possible Futures for International Drug Policy -- Appendix A: Legal Production of Opium -- Appendix B: Average Consumption and Purity -- Appendix C: Central Asia: Trafficking Revenues and Economic Dependency -- Appendix D: Examples of Countries with Lax Enforcement -- Notes -- References -- Index -- A -- B -- C -- D -- E -- F -- G -- H -- I -- J -- K -- L -- M -- N -- O -- P -- Q -- R -- S -- T -- U -- V -- W -- Y -- Z.This book is the first attempt to describe and analyze the world opiate market. It looks at how the Taliban achieved a cutback in heroin production in Afghanistan--a longtime goal of national and international drug policy agencies--and how that cutback impacted the very robust global market for the drug. Based on this and other country studies, the authors show that internationally-supported interventions on the supply-side can open up limited opportunities for curbing consumption.Studies in crime and public policy.Heroin abuseDrug abuseDrug trafficDrug controlHeroin abuse.Drug abuse.Drug traffic.Drug control.363.45Paoli Letizia241690Greenfield Victoria A.1964-1135594Reuter Peter1944-121153MiAaPQMiAaPQMiAaPQBOOK9910821870703321The world heroin market4121660UNINA