10243nam 2200685 a 450 991082142420332120200520144314.01-280-91494-7978661091494490-474-0496-31-4237-5542-1(CKB)1000000000415732(OCoLC)614462004(CaPaEBR)ebrary10175414(SSID)ssj0000108674(PQKBManifestationID)11745631(PQKBTitleCode)TC0000108674(PQKBWorkID)10044783(PQKB)10876706(MiAaPQ)EBC3004010(Au-PeEL)EBL3004010(CaPaEBR)ebr10175414(CaONFJC)MIL91494(OCoLC)923612597(EXLCZ)99100000000041573220081016d2003 uy 0engurcn|||||||||txtrdacontentcrdamediacrrdacarrierBaltic yearbook of international lawVol. 3, 2003 /editor-in-chief, Ineta Ziemele1st ed.Leiden Brill Academic Publishers20031 online resource (x, 361 pages)Baltic yearbook of international lawBibliographic Level Mode of Issuance: Monograph90-04-13746-7 Includes bibliographical references.Intro -- Contents -- Editorial Note -- Special Theme: Reparations for Internationally Wrongful Acts of States -- Article 41 of the European Convention on Human Rights: Just Satisfaction under the European Convention on Human Rights -- 1. Introduction -- 2. Origin of Just Satisfaction -- 3. Subsidiary Context -- 4. Discretionary Nature -- 5. Practical Difficulties -- 6. Heads of Damage -- 7. Pecuniary Damage -- 7.1. Casual Connection -- 7.2. Right to Life -- 7.3. Right to Property -- 7.4. Procedural Defects -- 8. Non-pecuniary Damage -- 8.1. Reasonable Time Breaches -- 8.2. Particularly Serious Violations -- 8.3. Pure Non-pecuniary Damage -- 8.4. Article 5 - the Right to Liberty -- 8.5. Child Care Cases -- 8.6. Environmental Nuisance -- 8.7. Legal Persons -- 9. Costs and Expenses -- 10. Conclusion -- Peremptory Norms and Reparation for Internationally Wrongful Acts -- 1. Introduction -- 2. The Concept and Relevance of Peremptory Norms -- 3. The General Impact of Peremptory Norms on the Law of Reparations -- 4. Impact of Jus Cogens on the Regime of Specific Remedies -- 4.1. Restitution as a Primary Remedy -- 4.2. Compensation -- 4.3. Satisfaction -- 5. Jus Cogens Limitations on the Duty to Provide Reparation -- 6. Conclusions -- State Responsibility and the Challenge of the Realist Paradigm: The Demand of Baltic Victims of Soviet Mass Repressions for Compensation from Russia -- 1. Introduction -- 2. The Issue of State Responsibility for Injuries Caused During Illegal Soviet Annexation -- 2.1. The Conditions of State Responsibility in the Case of the Baltic States: Illegality and Attributability -- 2.2. The Reparations Issue after the Reestablishment of the Baltic Independence -- 3. The Realist Critiques of International Law and State Responsibility -- 4. Conclusions.A Bill for the Occupants or an Issue to Negotiate: The Claims of Reparations for Soviet Occupation -- 1. Introduction -- 2. Is There a Claim? -- 2.1. Request for Damages in the Context of the Withdrawal of Troops -- 2.2. Continued Efforts Thereafter -- 3. The Objective Nature of the Right to Reparations -- 3.1. The Obligation for Reparations -- 3.2. The Limits of the Obligation to be Defined -- 4. The Next Steps: Continued Hesitation -- 4.1. Not a Priority Question -- 4.2. Finding the Path to Negotiations -- 5. Conclusions -- Commentary to the Law of the Republic of Lithuania on Compensation of Damage Resulting from the Occupation of the USSR -- The text of the Law of the Republic of Lithuania on Compensation of Damage Resulting from the Occupation by the USSR -- 1. Introduction -- 2. The Preamble -- 2.1. Admissibility of the Claim for Compensation -- 2.2. The Legal Ground for Russia's Responsibility -- 2.3. The Scope and the Form of Reparation -- 2.4. Relevant State Practice Concerning Compensation -- 2.5. Real Estate Issues Mentioned in the Preamble of the Law -- 3. Article 1 -- 4. Article 2 -- 5. Article 3 -- 6. Conclusion -- State Continuity, Succession and Responsibility: Reparations to the Baltic States and their Peoples? -- 1. Introduction -- 2. Determining a Breach of International Law -- 2.1. Facts of the Baltic Cases -- 2.2. Determining Injured and Responsible States -- 2.3. Determining a Continuing Breach of International Law -- 2.4. Applying Rules to the Baltic Cases -- 3. Form and Duration of a Claim for Reparations -- 3.1. Statements of the Baltic Claims -- 3.2. Discharge of Russia's Obligations? -- 3.3. Waiver of Claims? -- 3.4. Time Left -- 4. Available Forums for the Baltic Claims for Reparations -- 5. Concluding Remarks -- General Articles -- The Law of Use of Force at the Turn of the Millennia.1. A Short Historical Excursion: From the Peloponnesian War to the Gulf Wars -- 2. The Charter Paradigm on the Use of Force -- 3. Terrorism and the Law on Use of Force -- 4. Specific Characteristics of Self-defence against Terrorist Attacks -- 5. Terrorist Organizations and States Supporting Them -- 6. Use of Force and Formalism versus Dynamism in International Law -- Non-Compliance Procedure under the Kyoto Protocol -- 1. Introduction -- 2. The Participants in the Non-Compliance Procedure -- 2.1. The Conference of the Parties -- 2.2. The Secretariat -- 2.3. The Role of the Compliance Committee -- 2.4. The Parties to the Convention -- 2.5. The Party Not in Compliance -- 3. The Non-Compliance Proceedings -- 3.1. Gathering Information Concerning Non-Compliance -- 3.2. Review of the Data: The Procedure before the Compliance Committee -- 3.3. The Consequences Applied in Cases of Non-Compliance -- 4. Conclusion -- Mainstreaming Human Rights in the European Investment Bank -- 1. Introduction -- 1.1. The EIB as an Instrument of the Union -- 2. The European Investment Bank -- 2.1. Objectives and Mandate -- 2.2. Legal Personality and Structure -- 2.3. The Project Cycle and the Evaluation Process -- 3. The EIB and EU Institutions -- 3.1. The European Commission -- 3.2. The European Council and the European Parliament -- 3.3. The EU Control Mechanisms -- 3.4. The European Court of Auditors -- 3.5. The European Ombudsman -- 3.6. The European Court of Justice -- 3.7. The European Anti-Fraud Office -- 4. In line with Union Policy? -- 4.1. The Environment: A Case Study of a Third Generation Right -- 4.2. The Development Strategy: The Potential for the Inclusion of a Human Rights Clause -- 5. Conclusion -- Practice of the Commissioner of the Council of the Baltic Sea States on Democratic Development -- 1. Introduction.2. General Provisions of the Mandate of the CBSS Commissioner -- 3. Obligations and Rights of the CBSS Commissioner -- 4. The CBSS Commissioner's Right to Receive Communications -- 5. The CBSS Commissioner and other Institutions for Human Rights Protection -- 6. Special focus: Children in Prison -- 7. Concluding Remarks -- Annex: Commissioner of the Council of the Baltic Sea States on Democratic Development -- Elements of Practices of the Baltic States in International Law: 2002 -- 1. Cases in the European Court of Human Rights -- 1.1. Decisions on Admissibility -- 1.2. Judgments on Merits -- 2. Implementation of the Judgments of the European Court of Human Rights -- 2.1. Daktaras v. Lithuania -- 2.2. Birutis and Others v. Lithuania -- 2.3. Butkevi&amp -- #269 -- ius v. Lithuania -- 3. Practice of Domestic Courts -- 3.1. Application of the Convention on Carriage of Goods by Roads -- 3.2. State Immunity Cases -- 3.3. Human Rights -- Book Reviews -- International Organisations -- The Negotiations with Russia on the Withdrawal of the Armed Forces from Lithuania -- The Law of Subsidies under the GATT/WTO System -- List of Contributors -- Information for Authors.The "Baltic Yearbook of International Law is an annual publication containing contributions on topical issues in international law and related fields that are relevant to Baltic affairs and beyond. In addition to articles on different aspects of international law, each Yearbook focuses on a theme with particular importance to the development of international law. Volume 3 contains contributions that were presented at, or inspired by, the conference entitled 'Reparations to States, Groups and Individuals: Implementation of State Responsibility' organised on the occasion of the inauguration of the Yearbook. Undoubtedly, there are many difficult legal and political questions surrounding the implementation of the law of State responsibility and this volume addresses only some of them. The contributions disclose several fundamental questions concerning the implementation of State responsibility. Can or should the general principles of State responsibility such as the obligation of full reparation be modified when applied within a specific framework of a treaty regime? Can or should these principles be modified when a treaty embodies rights that are generally considered to have achieved the character of jus cogens norms? How to enforce the obligation of reparations between States when one of them does not recognise any such obligation? One way or another all articles published in this volume raise the issue of ways and means to ensure the compliance of States with their international obligations and their responsibility in case of violations of these obligations.International lawInternational lawBaltic StatesWar reparationsGovernment liability (International law)International law.International lawWar reparations.Government liability (International law)Ziemele Ineta572390MiAaPQMiAaPQMiAaPQBOOK9910821424203321Baltic yearbook of international law4002901UNINA