03195oam 2200661 a 450 991082093310332120200520144314.0979-84-00-61060-81-282-40861-5978661240861810.5040/9798400610608(CKB)2430000000010688(EBL)492288(OCoLC)649860587(SSID)ssj0000433127(PQKBManifestationID)11293242(PQKBTitleCode)TC0000433127(PQKBWorkID)10375208(PQKB)11187298(Au-PeEL)EBL492288(CaPaEBR)ebr10350010(CaONFJC)MIL240861(MiAaPQ)EBC492288(DLC)BP9798400610608BC(EXLCZ)99243000000001068820240214e20052024 uy 0engur|n|---|||||txtccrAmerican encounters with Arabs the "soft power" of U.S. public diplomacy in the Middle East /William A. Rugh1st ed.Westport, Conn. :Praeger Security International,2006.London :Bloomsbury Publishing (UK),20241 online resource (240 p.)Description based upon print version of record.0-313-05524-6 0-275-98817-1 Includes bibliographical references (p. [213]-214) and index.Public diplomacy resources and instruments -- Beginnings in the Arab world 1940s-1953 -- President Eisenhower and USIA 1953-1961 -- The Kennedy and Johnson presidencies 1961-1969 -- The Nixon and Ford presidencies 1969-1977 -- The Carter presidency 1977-1981 -- The Reagan era 1981-1989 -- The presidency of George H.W. Bush 1989-1993 -- The Clinton era 1993-2001 -- President George W. Bush's first two years 2001-2003 -- The Bush presidency and Iraq -- Democratic reform and other issues.For sixty years, U.S. government officials have conducted public diplomacy programs to try to reach Arab public opinion-to inform, educate, and understand Arab attitudes. American public affairs officers have met serious challenges in the past, but Arab public criticism of the United States has reached unprecedented levels since September 11, 2001. Polls show that much of the negative opinion of the United States, especially in the Middle East, can be traced to dissatisfaction with U.S. foreign policy. Rugh, a retired career Foreign Service officer who twice served as ambassador to countries iArabsPublic opinionCivilization, ArabStudy and teachingUnited StatesArab countriesForeign relationsUnited StatesUnited StatesForeign public opinion, ArabUnited StatesForeign relationsArab countriesArabsPublic opinion.Civilization, ArabStudy and teaching327.73056Rugh William A650386DLCDLCDLCBOOK9910820933103321American encounters with Arabs4076070UNINA