04707oam 2200697I 450 991082025020332120230803023025.01-138-98021-81-135-71477-01-315-05439-61-135-71470-310.4324/9781315054391 (CKB)2550000001190315(EBL)1602134(SSID)ssj0001108450(PQKBManifestationID)12441271(PQKBTitleCode)TC0001108450(PQKBWorkID)11103676(PQKB)11446513(OCoLC)874153433(MiAaPQ)EBC1602134(Au-PeEL)EBL1602134(CaPaEBR)ebr10830573(CaONFJC)MIL569736(OCoLC)869095731(OCoLC)897454704(EXLCZ)99255000000119031520180331e20132002 uy 0engur|n|---|||||txtccrMaking comparisons count /Ruth ChangLondon :Routledge,2013.1 online resource (349 p.)Studies in ethicsFirst published 2002 by Routledge.0-8153-3782-5 1-306-38485-0 Includes bibliographical references and index.Cover; Half Title; Title Page; Copyright Page; Dedication; Table of Contents; Preface to the Routledge Edition; Acknowledgments; Introduction; 1. Incomparability: The Basic Notion; 1.1. The covering value requirement; 1.2. Covering values and contributory values; 1.3. The covering value requirement and incomparability; 2. The Structure of Values and Comparisons of Bearers; 2.1. The structure of values; 2.2. Comparisons of bearers; 2.3. Two conclusions; 3. Numerical Representation: The Standard Model; 3.1. The Standard Model and the Trichotomy Thesis; 3.2. Mere ordinality3.3. Precise cardinality3.4. Imprecise cardinality; 1. What Justifies Choice?; 2. Setting the Stage for Comparativism; 3. Optimizing; 4. Alternatives to Optimizing; 4.1. Satisficing; 4.2. Maximalizing; 4.3. Absolutizing; 5. Comparisons and Justifying Force; 6. A Challenge to Comparativism: Brute Desires; 1. The Diversity of Values; 2. Bidirectionality; 3. Calculation; 4. Rational Irresolvability of Conflict; 5. The Incomparability of Values; 5.1. Value incomparability; 5.2. Bearer incomparability; 6. The Lack of a Common Value; 6.1. Noncomparability6.2. Formal failures of comparison and practical reason1. Constitutive Incomparability; 2. Mere Market Goods; 3. Raz; 3.1. Symbolic significance; 3.2. The belief in incomparability; 3.3. The incomparability of friendship and money; 4. Critique; 4.1. The belief in incomparability; 4.2. The argument by elimination; 5. Anderson; 5.1. Comparisons as boring; 5.2. Comparisons as stultifying; 5.3. Comparisons as incoherent; 6. Emphatic Comparisons: A Sketch; 1. The Small Improvement Argument: Particular Version; 1.1. Rational attitudes; 1.2. Rational judgments1.3. Skepticism about particular judgments2. The Small Improvement Argument: Abstract Version; 3. Against Incomparability: The Pareto Argument; 3.1. The Pareto Argument; 3.2. Examples; 4. The Small Improvement and Pareto Arguments Revisited: Is Parity Vagueness?; 4.1. Why hard cases are not borderline cases; 4.2. Objections; 5. Parity; 5.1. The intuitive notion: evaluative differences revisited; 5.2. A metaphysical underpinning of parity; 5.3. A nonstandard model of comparability; 1. Incomparability as Vagueness; 2. Determinate and Indeterminate Failure Revisited2.1. Artificial and natural comparatives2.2. The Collapsing Principle Argument; 3. Multiple Rankings and Parity; 3.1. Essentially normative predicates; 3.2. Resolving parity into choice: a suggestion; Bibliography; IndexThis book attempts to answer two questions: Are alternatives for choice ever incomparable? and In what ways can items be compared? The arguments offered suggest that alternatives for choice no matter how different are never incomparable, and that the ways in which items can be compared are richer and more varied than commonly supposed.Studies in EthicsDecision makingMoral and ethical aspectsComparison (Philosophy)Decision makingMoral and ethical aspects.Comparison (Philosophy)170/.42Chang Ruth.1715742MiAaPQMiAaPQMiAaPQBOOK9910820250203321Making comparisons count4110635UNINA