05653nam 2200721Ia 450 991081997190332120200520144314.01-280-07374-897866135201110-8213-8973-410.1596/978-0-8213-8778-8(CKB)2670000000170015(EBL)881432(OCoLC)783042110(SSID)ssj0000641074(PQKBManifestationID)11374872(PQKBTitleCode)TC0000641074(PQKBWorkID)10613513(PQKB)10952443(MiAaPQ)EBC881432(Au-PeEL)EBL881432(CaPaEBR)ebr10547186(CaONFJC)MIL352011(The World Bank)17043991(US-djbf)17043991(EXLCZ)99267000000017001520111114d2012 uf 0engurcn|||||||||txtrdacontentcrdamediacrrdacarrierSewing success? employment, wages and poverty following the end of the multi-fibre arrangement /editors, Gladys Lopez Acevedo, Raymond Robertson1st ed.Washington, DC World Bankc2012pages cmDirections in developmentDescription based upon print version of record.0-8213-8778-2 Includes bibliographical references.Contents; Acknowledgments; About the Authors; Abbreviations; Overview; PART 1 Employment, Wages, and Poverty after the End of the MFA; Chapter 1 Introduction; Apparel as a Key Sector; The Importance of the MFA/ATC; Choosing the Focus Countries; The Link between Apparel and Poverty (Motivating the Choice of Variables); Tables; 1.1 Years of Education by Sector; 1.2 Average Log Wages by Sector; 1.3a Percentage of Working Poor by Sector; 1.3b Poverty Rates by Sector; Structure of the Book; Notes; References; Chapter 2 Theoretical Foundation and Empirical ApproachModeling Global Apparel Production DecisionsFigures; 2.1 Log Change in Global Apparel Exports and Log Apparel Wages; 2.1 Determinants of Change in Apparel Exports, before versus after the MFA/ATC; Empirical Strategy; 2.2 Employment Effects; Data; 2.2 Data Sources; Notes; References; Chapter 3 Developments in the Global Apparel Industry after the MFA Phaseout; Introduction; Structure of the Apparel Industry; 3.1 Apparel's Share of Total Merchandise Exports, 1990, 2000, 2004, and 2008; 3.1 Apparel Supply and Value Chain; 3.2 Top 10 Apparel and Textile Exporters to World by 2008 Values3.2 Types of Lead Firms in Apparel Global Value ChainsRegulatory Context; 3.3 Functional Capabilities and Country Examples; 3.4 Summary of Major Preferential Market Access Schemes; Implications of the MFA Phaseout; 3.3 Average Unit Values of U.S. Apparel Imports, 1995-2008; 3.4 Average Unit Values of EU-15 Apparel Imports, 1995-2008; 3.5 Top 15 Apparel-Exporting Economies, 1995, 2000, 2004, 2005, and 2008; 3.5 Percentage Change in Apparel Exports between 2004 and 2008, Top 15 and Case Study Countries and Selected Economies3.6 Top 15 U.S. Apparel Importer Economies, 1995, 2000, 2004, 2005, and 20083.7 Top 15 EU-15 Apparel Importer Economies, 1995, 2000, 2004, 2005, and 2008; 3.6 Herfindahl-Hirschman Index (HHI) for Apparel Imports to the United States and the EU-15; Overview of Case Study Countries; 3.7 Country Cases: Change in Export Value, Market Share, and Employment, 2004-08; 3.8 Significance of Apparel Industry and Employment; 3.9 Industry Characteristics and Upgrading (Functional and Supply Chain); 3.10 Export Diversification and Unit Values; 3.11 Market Access Preferences3.12 Policies in the Context of the MFA Phaseout3.8 Factors Affecting Post-MFA Competitiveness: Country Comparison; Conclusions; Notes; References; Chapter 4 Success and Upgrading after the End of the MFA; Introduction; Industry Evolution, Policies, and Post-MFA Development; 4.1 Export Dynamics; Empirical Results; 4.2 Female Share in Textile and Apparel Industry Employment; 4.3 Firm Outcomes; 4.1 Number of Plants in Formal and Informal Textile and Apparel Sectors in India; 4.2 Total Employment in Formal and Informal Textile and Apparel Sectors in India4.3 Female Share in Industry Employment in Formal and Informal Textile and Apparel Sectors in IndiaThe end of the MFA was followed by rising apparel exports, falling prices, and a reallocation of production and employment between countries. There were also significant changes within countries. The first main finding of this report is that export and employment patterns after the MFA/ATC did not necessarily match predictions. While many predicted that production would shift to low-wage countries, this book shows that only 13 percent of variation in export changes post-MFA can be explained by the differences in wage levels. Second, changes in exports are usually, but not always, good indicatoDirections in development (Washington, D.C.).Poverty.Import quotasDeveloping countriesTextile industryDeveloping countriesDeveloping countriesEconomic conditionsImport quotasTextile industry331.7/6770091724Lopez Acevedo Gladys1157140Robertson Raymond1969-121227MiAaPQMiAaPQMiAaPQBOOK9910819971903321Sewing success?4111191UNINA