04606oam 2200661I 450 991081662620332120230725023535.01-136-54257-41-136-54258-21-282-61739-797866126173931-84977-493-510.4324/9781849774932 (CKB)2670000000018810(EBL)517190(OCoLC)609863821(SSID)ssj0000360898(PQKBManifestationID)11253401(PQKBTitleCode)TC0000360898(PQKBWorkID)10344311(PQKB)10557199(OCoLC)659563583(MiAaPQ)EBC517190(Au-PeEL)EBL517190(CaPaEBR)ebr10392049(CaONFJC)MIL261739(EXLCZ)99267000000001881020180706d2010 uy 0engur|n|---|||||txtccrHandbook of carbon offset programs trading systems, funds, protocols and standards /Anja Kollmuss. [et al.]London ;Washington, D.C. :Earthscan,2010.1 online resource (255 p.)Description based upon print version of record.1-138-97572-9 1-84407-929-5 Includes bibliographical references (p. [225]-235) and index.Handbook of Carbon Offset ProgramsTrading Systems, Funds, Protocols and Standards; Copyright; Contents; List of Figures, Tables and Boxes; Acknowledgements; List of Acronyms and Abbreviations; 1 Introduction to Carbon Offsetting; What role can carbon offsets play in meeting this profound challenge?; The challenge for policy makers is clear: To design offset programs and policies that can maximize their potential benefits while minimizing their potential risksAnalysis of experience with current offset markets and standards can offer important insights and lessons for participants and designers of offset programsRecent trends; 2 A Comparison of Offset programs; General features of offset programs; Market size and scope; Offset project eligibility; Additionality and quantification procedures; Program administration and authority; 3 International Offset Mechanisms; Clean Development Mechanism; Joint Implementation; 4 Offset Features of Cap-and-Trade Systems; European Union Emission Trading System; Regional Greenhouse Gas InitiativeWestern Climate InitiativeMidwest Greenhouse Gas Reduction Accord; Canada's Offset System for Greenhouse Gases; Australian Carbon Pollution Reduction Scheme; New South Wales Greenhouse Gas Reduction Scheme; Chicago Climate Exchange; 5 Offset Features of Other GHG Reduction Programs; Alberta-Based Offset Credit System; State Power Plant Rules of Oregon, Washington and Massachusetts; British Columbia Emission Offsets Regulation; EPA Climate Leaders; 6 Greenhouse Gas Accounting ProtocolsThe World Business Council for Sustainable Development/ World Resources Institute (WBCSD/WRI) Greenhouse Gas Protocol for Project AccountingThe International Organization for Standardization (ISO) Standard 14064 Part 2; 7 Voluntary Offset Standards; Climate Action Reserve; Gold Standard; Voluntary Carbon Standard 2007; VER+ (VERplus); American Carbon Registry; Climate, Community and Biodiversity Standards; Plan Vivo; Social Carbon Methodology; Green-e Climate Protocol for Renewable Energy; Green-e Climate Program; 8 Carbon Offset Funds; World Bank Carbon Finance; Glossary; References; IndexGreenhouse gas (GHG) offsets have long been promoted as an important element of a comprehensive climate policy approach. Offset programs can reduce the overall cost of achieving a given emission goal by enabling emission reductions to occur where costs are lower. Offsets have the potential to deliver sustainability co-benefits, through technology development and transfer. They can also develop human and institutional capacity for reducing emissions in sectors and locations not included in a cap and trade or a mandatory government policy. However, offsets can pose a risk to the environmental inCarbon offsettingEmissions tradingCarbon offsetting.Emissions trading.363.738/746Kollmuss Anja1618264MiAaPQMiAaPQMiAaPQBOOK9910816626203321Handbook of carbon offset programs3949894UNINA