04522nam 2201045Ia 450 991081108480332120230721033515.01-282-77252-X97866127725280-520-94335-X10.1525/9780520943353(CKB)3390000000006998(EBL)837175(OCoLC)773564890(SSID)ssj0000433470(PQKBManifestationID)11279308(PQKBTitleCode)TC0000433470(PQKBWorkID)10389672(PQKB)11021167(MiAaPQ)EBC837175(DE-B1597)520033(OCoLC)847616882(DE-B1597)9780520943353(Au-PeEL)EBL837175(CaPaEBR)ebr10675694(CaONFJC)MIL277252(EXLCZ)99339000000000699820080325d2009 ub 0engurnn#---|u||utxtccrBacklash 9/11[electronic resource] Middle Eastern and Muslim Americans respond /Anny Bakalian and Mehdi BozorgmehrBerkeley University of California Pressc20091 online resource (366 p.)Description based upon print version of record.0-520-25734-0 0-520-25735-9 Includes bibliographical references (p. 309-331) and index.Front matter --Contents --Figures and Tables --Abbreviations --Acknowledgments --1. Backlash against Middle Eastern and Muslim Americans --2. The Post-9/11 Backlash in Comparative and Historical Perspectives --3. Immigration Patterns, Characteristics, and Identities --4. Organizational Structures and Transformation --5. Hate Crimes and Bias Incidents --6. Government Initiatives and the Impact of the Backlash --7. Mobilization --8. Religious Accommodation, Civic Engagement, and Political Integration --Appendix. A Time Line of Government Initiatives and Actions --Notes --References --IndexFor most Americans, September 11, 2001, symbolized the moment when their security was altered. For Middle Eastern and Muslim Americans, 9/11 also ushered in a backlash in the form of hate crimes, discrimination, and a string of devastating government initiatives. This book provides the first comprehensive analysis of the impact of the post-9/11 events on Middle Eastern and Muslim Americans as well as their organized response. Through fieldwork and interviews with community leaders, Anny Bakalian and Mehdi Bozorgmehr show how ethnic organizations mobilized to demonstrate their commitment to the United States while defending their rights and distancing themselves from the terrorists.War on Terrorism, 2001-2009Moral and ethical aspectsSeptember 11 Terrorist Attacks, 2001InfluenceHate crimesUnited StatesMuslimsUnited StatesArab AmericansCrimes againstUnited States9/11.american culture.american government.backlash.bias incidents.civic engagement.civil rights.community leaders.discrimination.ethnic discrimination.fieldwork.government initiatives.hate crimes.immigration and emigration.immigration patterns.islam.middle eastern americans.muslim americans.national security.organization transformation.organizational structures.political integration.politics.racial discrimination.religions accommodation.religious discrimination.september 11.terrorism.War on Terrorism, 2001-2009Moral and ethical aspects.September 11 Terrorist Attacks, 2001Influence.Hate crimesMuslimsArab AmericansCrimes against973.931Bakalian Anny P1160688Bozorgmehr Mehdi1670929MiAaPQMiAaPQMiAaPQBOOK9910811084803321Backlash 94033113UNINA