07562oam 22014174 450 991080680850332120240402023702.01-4755-3252-01-4843-3916-91-4843-9379-1(CKB)2550000001138430(EBL)1587841(SSID)ssj0001157475(PQKBManifestationID)11643910(PQKBTitleCode)TC0001157475(PQKBWorkID)11208771(PQKB)11238641(Au-PeEL)EBL1587841(CaPaEBR)ebr10790028(CaONFJC)MIL538131(OCoLC)867928036(IMF)ESRLIEE(IMF)ESRLIEA(MiAaPQ)EBC1587841(EXLCZ)99255000000113843020020129d2013 uf 0engurcnu||||||||txtccrEnergy Subsidy Reform : Lessons and Implications /Benedict Clements, David Coady, Stefania Fabrizio, Sanjeev Gupta, Trevor Alleyne, Carlo Sdralevich1st ed.Washington, D.C. :International Monetary Fund,2013.1 online resource (197 p.)Description based upon print version of record.1-4755-5811-2 1-306-06880-0 Includes bibliographical references and index.Cover; Contents; Acknowledgments; Preface; 1 Introduction and Background; Figures; Figure 1.1 International Prices of Oil, Coal, and Natural Gas, 2006-12 (Indexed January 2000=100); 2 Defining and Measuring Energy Subsidies; Boxs; Box 2.1 Pretax and Posttax Consumer Subsidies; Box 2.2 Financing Fuel Subsidies in India; Figure 2.1 Pretax Energy Subsidies, 2007-11 (Billions of U.S. dollars); Figure 2.2 Pretax Energy Subsidies by Region, 2011; Figure 2.3 Pretax Petroleum Subsidies among Petroleum Importing and Exporting Countries, 2011 (Percent of GDP)Figure 2.4 Adjustment of Energy Subsidies for Taxes and Externalities, 20113 Macroeconomic, Environmental, and Social Implications; Box 3.1 Electricity Subsidies and Growth in Sub-Saharan Africa; Figure 3.1 Posttax Subsidies and Social Spending, 2010 (Percent of GDP); Box 3.2 Energy Subsidy Reform and Competitiveness; Figure 3.2 Distribution of Petroleum Product Subsidies by Income Groups (Percent of total product subsidies); 4 Reforming Energy Subsidies: Lessons from Experience; Tables; TABLE 4.1 Summary of Country Energy Subsidy Reform Episodes5 Case Studies from the Sub-Saharan Africa Region TABLE 5.1 Ghana: Key Macroeconomic Indicators, 2000-2011; Figure 5.1 Ghana: Fuel Price Developments, 2000-2012; TABLE 5.2 Namibia: Key Macroeconomic Indicators, 2000-2011; Figure 5.2 Namibia: National Energy Fund and Slate Account, 1990-2011 (Millions of Namibian dollars); Figure 5.3 Namibia: Macroeconomic Developments and Fuel Subsidy Reform, 1990-2011; TABLE 5.3 Niger: Key Macroeconomic Indicators, 2000-2011; Figure 5.4 Niger: Fuel Price Developments, 2005-11 (Central African francs per liter)Figure 5.5 Niger: Macroeconomic Developments and Energy Subsidy Reforms, 2008-11 (Percent of GDP or rate)TABLE 5.4 Nigeria: Key Macroeconomic Indicators, 2003-11; Figure 5.6 Nigeria: International and Domestic Fuel Prices, 2006-11 (Difference between world price and domestic price); TABLE 5.5 Nigeria: Developments in Fuel Prices and Fuel Subsidies, 2006-12; Box 5.1 Nigeria: Rationale for Subsidy Removal; TABLE 5.6 South Africa: Key Macroeconomic Indicators, 1993-2011; Figure 5.7 South Africa: Composition of Gasoline Pump Prices and Taxes, 2001-12TABLE 5.7 Kenya: Key Macroeconomic Indicators, 1995-2009 TABLE 5.8 Kenya: Key Power Sector Indicators, 1995-2009; Figure 5.8 Kenya: Hidden Costs in the Power Sector, 2001-8; TABLE 5.9 Uganda: Key Macroeconomic and Power Sector Indicators, 2005-10; TABLE 5.10 Uganda: Explicit Fiscal Subsidies for the Power Sector and the Cost of Thermal Generation, 2006-11; TABLE 5.11 Uganda: Quasi-Fiscal Deficit of the Power Sector, 2005-8 and 2009-11; 6 Case Studies from Emerging and Developing Asia; TABLE 6.1 Indonesia: Key Macroeconomic Indicators, 2000-2011Figure 6.1 Indonesia: Macroeconomic Developments and Energy Subsidy Reforms, 1997- 2011 (Percent of GDP or rate)Energy subsidies are aimed at protecting consumers, however, subsidies aggravate fiscal imbalances, crowd out priority public spending, and depress private investment, including in the energy sector. This book provides the most comprehensive estimates of energy subsidies currently available for 176 countries and an analysis of “how to do” energy subsidy reform, drawing on insights from 22 country case studies undertaken by the IMF staff and analyses carried out by other institutions.BooksEnergy consumptionInvestments: EnergyimfInflationimfMacroeconomicsimfPublic FinanceimfTaxationimfEnergy: Demand and SupplyimfPricesimfPrice LevelimfDeflationimfTrade PolicyimfInternational Trade OrganizationsimfElectric UtilitiesimfHydrocarbon ResourcesimfNational Government Expenditures and Related Policies: GeneralimfEnergy industries & utilitiesimfPublic finance & taxationimfInvestment & securitiesimfPetroleum, oil & gas industriesimfEnergy subsidiesimfFuel pricesimfTariffsimfEnergy pricingimfExpenditureimfTaxesimfExpenditures, PublicimfTariffimfElectric utilitiesimfGas industryimfSubsidiesimfIndonesiaimfEnergy consumption.Investments: EnergyInflationMacroeconomicsPublic FinanceTaxationEnergy: Demand and SupplyPricesPrice LevelDeflationTrade PolicyInternational Trade OrganizationsElectric UtilitiesHydrocarbon ResourcesNational Government Expenditures and Related Policies: GeneralEnergy industries & utilitiesPublic finance & taxationInvestment & securitiesPetroleum, oil & gas industriesEnergy subsidiesFuel pricesTariffsEnergy pricingExpenditureTaxesExpenditures, PublicTariffElectric utilitiesGas industrySubsidies333.7Clements Benedict122914Coady David629944Fabrizio Stefania1103907Gupta Sanjeev257292Alleyne Trevor1598347Sdralevich Carlo279864International Monetary Fund.DcWaIMFBOOK9910806808503321Energy Subsidy Reform3920536UNINA