04879oam 2200997Ma 450 991079872950332120230120053803.00816535957(electronic bk.)9780816535958(electronic bk.)08165211589780816521159(cloth ;alk. paper)40022060008(OCoLC)960042030(OCoLC)959949934(OCoLC)960087283(OCoLC)1016843325(OCoLC)1055359821(OCoLC)1066610541(OCoLC)1081295655(OCoLC)ocn960042030(MiAaPQ)EBC4699601(EXLCZ)99371000000089233920120830d2013 uy 0engur|n|||||||||txtrdacontentcrdamediacrrdacarrierAt the border of empires the Tohono O'odham, gender, and assimilation, 1880--1934 /Andrae M. Marak and Laura TuennermanTucson University of Arizona Press©20131 online resource (xiii, 209 pages) illustrations, mapsPrint version: 9780816535958 Includes bibliographical references (pages 191-204) and index.The story of the Tohono O'odham peoples offers an important account of assimilation. Bifurcated by a border demarcating Mexico and the United States that was imposed on them after the Gadsden Purchase in 1853, the Tohono O'odham lived at the edge of two empires.<br /><br />Although they were often invisible to the majority cultures of the region, they attracted the attention of reformers and government officials in the United States, who were determined to "assimilate" native peoples into "American society." By focusing on gender norms and ideals in the assimilation of the Tohono O'odham, At the Border of Empires provides a lens for looking at both Native American history and broader societal ideas about femininity, masculinity, and empire around the turn of the twentieth century. <br /><br /> Beginning in the 1880s, the US government implemented programs to eliminate "vice" among the Tohono O'odham and to encourage the morals of the majority culture as the basis of a process of "Americanization." During the next fifty years, tribal norms interacted with--sometimes conflicting with and sometimes reinforcing--those of the larger society in ways that significantly shaped both government policy and tribal experience. This book examines the mediation between cultures, the officials who sometimes developed policies based on personal beliefs and gender biases, and the native people whose lives were impacted as a result. These issues are brought into useful relief by comparing the experiences of the Tohono O'odham on two sides of a border that was, from a native perspective, totally arbitrary. <br />Tohono O'odham IndiansHistoryTohono O'odham IndiansCultural assimilationTohono O'odham womenSocial conditionsTohono O'odham IndiansSocial life and customsPapago (Indiens)HistoirePapago (Indiens)AcculturationPapago (Indiens)Mœurs et coutumesHISTORYUnited StatesState & LocalSouthwest (AZ, NM, OK, TX)bisacshTohono O'odham Indiansfast(OCoLC)fst01152101Tohono O'odham IndiansSocial life and customsfast(OCoLC)fst01152124History.fastTohono O'odham IndiansHistory.Tohono O'odham IndiansCultural assimilation.Tohono O'odham womenSocial conditions.Tohono O'odham IndiansSocial life and customs.Papago (Indiens)Histoire.Papago (Indiens)Acculturation.Papago (Indiens)Mœurs et coutumes.HISTORYState & LocalSouthwest (AZ, NM, OK, TX)Tohono O'odham Indians.Tohono O'odham IndiansSocial life and customs.979.1004/974552Marak Andrae M(Andrae Micheal)1496780Tuennerman Laura1966-1496781IDEBKIDEBKYDXOCLCOJSTORIDEBKOCLCQCCOMERUCLOAVLBCOCUFOCLCQBIBBDK6UPIFAGFVLOCLCQIOGP@UOCLCOU3WWRMSTFOCLCFOCLCQVT2OCLCQWYUTKNOCLCO9910798729503321At the border of empires3721618UNINA