05019nam 2200625 450 991079771320332120200520144314.00-620-65838-X(CKB)3710000000529672(EBL)4094564(SSID)ssj0001682782(PQKBManifestationID)16507944(PQKBTitleCode)TC0001682782(PQKBWorkID)15037135(PQKB)11162311(OCoLC)950196043(MdBmJHUP)muse51996(Au-PeEL)EBL4094564(CaPaEBR)ebr11248466(CaONFJC)MIL876422(OCoLC)930993854(MiAaPQ)EBC4094564(PPN)192176617(EXLCZ)99371000000052967220160908h20152015 uy 0engur|n|---|||||txtccrThe new African civil-military relations /edited by Martin Rupiya, Gorden Moyo, Henrik LaugesenPretoria, [South Africa] :African Public Policy and Research Institute,2015.©20151 online resource (223 p.)International African Studies' PerspectiveDescription based upon print version of record.0-620-61527-3 Includes bibliographical references at the end of each chapters.Preface / Prof. Phalandwa A. Mulaudzi -- 1. International African studies' perspectives : the new African civil-military relations phase in African states' development / Martin Rupiya, Gorden Moyo and Henrik Laugesen -- 2. The process of democratisation and the main military challenges to nation building in Libya / Elena Doroshenko -- 3. Civil-military relations in Benin : out of the barracks and back--now what? / Simon Akindes -- 4. Post-liberation relapse and aborted social contract? Isaias Afwerki and Eritrea, 1991-2015 / Kealeboga J. Maphunye -- 5. Democratisation in Kenya : the ambiguity of foreign military assistance / Henrik Laugesen -- 6. Challenges of relationships and social identities : the paradox of the consequences of Kenya's military intervention in Somalia / Irene Limo and Williams Muna -- 7. The role of the military in politics in Africa's 'phantom state' : the Central African Republic, 1960-2014 / Martin Rupiya -- 8. Civil military relations : perspectives in South Sudan / Sunday Angoma Okello -- 9. Civil-military relations dynamics and the prospects for a democratic developmental state in Zimbabwe / Gorden Moyo -- 10. Tracking Lesotho's sixth military coup, 30 August 2014 : what has changed? / Martin Rupiya and Mpho Mothoagae -- 11. Conclusions / Martin Rupiya.In 1973, Yashev Raval wrote The Power of Wisdom, correctly pointing out that collusion between East and West had kept not only the balance of terror but provided the glue that kept geographic spheres of influence stable. Africa was part of that arena for global rivalry. With the collapse of the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics in 1991, the stifling grip the superpowers had exercised throughout the world was fundamentally altered. The transformation of the international security system, coupled with political democratization, allowed the partial reorganisation of the security establishments on the African continent to embark upon the New African Civil Military Relations (ACMR). In the last decade and half, the implosion of African states exposed to forces of democratization has escalated, manifest in Algeria, Egypt, Mali, Madagascar, Somalia, South Sudan, Central African Republic and Lesotho. At the heart of the states' implosion has been weak, fragile and partisan defence and security institutions - a phenomenon that requires urgent research intervention to guide the much-needed reforms. In 2014, the Russian Academy of Sciences hosted the bi-annual African Studies Conference, with the lead author accorded the responsibility of organizing a Session on ACMR. From amongst some of the exciting Abstracts presented, authors submitted these as full chapters for this book which captures International African Studies Perspectives, managed by the African Public Policy & Research Institute (APPRI). This process was further facilitated by one of the presenters and now co-editor, Maj Henrik Laugesen from the Royal Danish Defence College, who agreed to lead on the fundraising - succeeding in securing support from the Royal Danish Defence College. The result is this book.International African studies' perspective.Civil-military relationsAfricaAfricaPolitics and governmentCivil-military relations322.5096Rupiya MartinLaugesen HenrikMoyo GordenMiAaPQMiAaPQMiAaPQBOOK9910797713203321The new African civil-military relations3791127UNINA05352nam 2200745 a 450 991078190830332120230328163604.01-282-19396-197866121939653-11-019759-610.1515/9783110197594(CKB)1000000000520863(EBL)325597(OCoLC)191926184(SSID)ssj0000197960(PQKBManifestationID)11179086(PQKBTitleCode)TC0000197960(PQKBWorkID)10160882(PQKB)10555083(MiAaPQ)EBC325597(DE-B1597)32230(OCoLC)853239652(OCoLC)948655911(DE-B1597)9783110197594(Au-PeEL)EBL325597(CaPaEBR)ebr10197206(CaONFJC)MIL219396(OCoLC)191818379(EXLCZ)99100000000052086320051214d2006 uy 0engurun#---|u||utxtrdacontentcrdamediacrrdacarrierMarkedness and language change the Romani sample /Viktor Elšík, Yaron MatrasBerlin ;New York Mouton de Gruyterc20061 online resource (500 pages) illustrations, mapsEmpirical approaches to language typology ;32Description based upon print version of record.3-11-018452-4 Includes bibliographical references (p. [441]-454) and indexes.Front matter --Contents --Chapter 1 Introduction: Markedness and asymmetry in language --Chapter 2 The Markedness Hypothesis --Chapter 3 Toward a communication-based model of asymmetry in language --Chapter 4 The sample: Methodological considerations --Chapter 5 Early Romani --Chapter 6 Number --Chapter 7 Person --Chapter 8 Gender --Chapter 9 Degree --Chapter 10 Negation --Chapter 11 Cardinality --Chapter 12 Discreteness --Chapter 13 Tense, aspect, and mood --Chapter 14 Modality --Chapter 15 Transitivity --Chapter 16 Case and case roles --Chapter 17 Localisation --Chapter 18 Orientation --Chapter 19 Indefiniteness --Chapter 20 Ontological category --Chapter 21 Lexicality --Chapter 22 Associativity --Chapter 23 Chronological compartmentalisation --Chapter 24 Criteria for asymmetry and their distribution across categories --Chapter 25 Patterns of asymmetry --Chapter 26 Conceptual motivations for asymmetry --Chapter 27 Concluding remarks --Back matter'Markedness' is a central notion in linguistic theory. This book is the first to provide a comprehensive survey of markedness relations across various grammatical categories, in a sample of closely-related speech varieties. It is based on a sample of over 100 dialects of Romani, collected and processed via the Romani Morpho-Syntax (RMS) Database - a comparative grammatical outline in electronic form, constructed by the authors between 2000-2004. Romani dialects provide an exciting sample of language change phenomena: they are oral languages, which have been separated and dispersed from some six centuries, and are strongly shaped by the influence of diverse contact languages. The book takes a typological approach to markedness, viewing it as a hierarchy among values that is conditioned by conceptual and cognitive universals. But it introduces a functional-pragmatic notion of markedness, as a grammaticalised strategy employed in order to priositise information. In what is referred to as 'dynamic', such prioritisation is influenced by an interplay of factors: the values within a category and the conceptual notions that they represent, the grammatical structure onto which the category values are mapped, and the kind of strategy that is applied in order to prioritise certain value. Consequently, the book contains a thorough survey of some 20 categories (e.g Person, Number, Gender, and so on) and their formal representation in various grammatical structures across the sample. The various accepted criteria for markedness (e.g. Complexity, Differentiation, Erosion, and so on) are examined systematically in relation to the values of each and every category, for each relevant structure. The outcome is a novel picture of how different markedness criteria may cluster for certain categories, giving a concrete reality to the hitherto rather vague notion of markedness. Borrowing and its relation to markedness is also examined, offering new insights into the motivations behind contact-induced change.Empirical approaches to language typology ;32.Romani languageMarkednessRomani languageDialectsMarkedness (Linguistics)Language Change.Markedness.Romani language.Romani languageMarkedness.Romani languageDialects.Markedness (Linguistics)491.4/97EU 428rvkElšik Viktor1553585Matras Yaron1963-183842MiAaPQMiAaPQMiAaPQBOOK9910781908303321Markedness and language change3820336UNINA