00859cam0-2200313---450-99000480912040332120160525123820.00-03-067590-1000480912FED01000480912(Aleph)000480912FED0100048091219990604g19689999km-y0itay50------baengUSa-------001y-Primatesstudies in adaptation and variabilityPhyllis C. JayNew York [etc.]Rinehart and Winston1968XII, 529 p.ill.24 cmPrimatiComportamento599.81522ita30222itaJay,Phyllis C.ITUNINARICAUNIMARCBK990004809120403321302 JAY 1Bibl. 49581FLFBCFLFBCUNINA04042nam 2200685Ia 450 991045622240332120200520144314.01-282-93414-797866129341483-11-022397-X10.1515/9783110223972(CKB)2480000000005124(EBL)669161(OCoLC)707068879(SSID)ssj0000439027(PQKBManifestationID)11321760(PQKBTitleCode)TC0000439027(PQKBWorkID)10460046(PQKB)10146692(MiAaPQ)EBC669161(DE-B1597)37907(OCoLC)695982135(OCoLC)840444993(DE-B1597)9783110223972(Au-PeEL)EBL669161(CaPaEBR)ebr10435759(CaONFJC)MIL293414(EXLCZ)99248000000000512420101005d2010 uy 0engur|||||||||||txtccrLinguistic realization of evidentiality in European languages[electronic resource] /edited by Gabriele Diewald, Elena SmirnovaBerlin : New York De Gruyter Mouton20101 online resource (377 p.)Empirical approaches to language typology ;49"This volume contains a selection of contributions to the workshop "Linguistic realization of evidentiality in European languages", held at the 30th Annual Convention of the German Society of Linguistics in Bamberg (February 27-29, 2008)."3-11-022396-1 Includes bibliographical references and index. Frontmatter -- Table of contents -- Introduction. Evidentiality in European languages: the lexicalgrammatical distinction -- Types of verbal evidentiality marking:an overview -- Hearsay in European languages: toward an integrative account of grammatical and lexical marking -- Information source in Spanish and Basque: a parallel corpus study -- Embedded evidentials in German -- Embedding indirective (evidential) utterances in Turkish -- Epistemic modality and evidentiality and their determination on a deictic basis: the case of Romance languages -- Evidentiality, polysemy, and the verbs of perception in English and German -- Evidential markers in French scientific writing: the case of the French verb voir -- An interactional approach to epistemic and evidential adverbs in Spanish conversation -- Revelative evidentiality in European languages: linguistic marking and its anthropological background -- BackmatterThis book presents a selection of contributions to the workshop "Linguistic realization of evidentiality in European languages", held at the 30th Annual Convention of the German Society of Linguistics in Bamberg (February 27-29, 2008), and additional papers, which have been especially commissioned for this volume. Its main focus lies on providing further empirical evidence about languages that have various - lexical as well as grammatical - evidential expressions. The papers in this volume will offer a cross-linguistic perspective on this topic as they deal with a number of different language families and languages: Romance languages (French, Spanish, Italian), Germanic languages (Dutch, German, English, Icelandic), Baltic and Slavic languages, Greek, Basque, and Turkish. Empirical approaches to language typology ;49.Evidentials (Linguistics)Typology (Linguistics)Electronic books.Evidentials (Linguistics)Typology (Linguistics)415ET 660rvkDiewald Gabriele302356Smirnova Elena302018MiAaPQMiAaPQMiAaPQBOOK9910456222403321Linguistic realization of evidentiality in European languages2448720UNINA02432nmm a2200397 i 4500991003690419707536cr cn ---mpcbr190730s1987 de | o j |||| 0|ger d978354047256810.1007/BFb0078590doib14372058-39ule_instBibl. Dip.le Aggr. Matematica e Fisica - Sez. Matematicaeng512.723AMS 05A15AMS 11-06AMS 11-XXAMS 11KAMS 65-XXZahlentheoretische Analysis II[e-book] :Wiener Seminarberichte 1984-86 /herausgegeben von Edmund HlawkaBerlin :Springer,19871 online resourceLecture Notes in Mathematics,0075-8434 ;1262Ein Lineares Programm In Der Zahlentheorie -- Metrische Sätze Der C-Gleichverteilung Auf Der Sphäre -- Gleichmässig Gleichverteilte Und Schwach Gleichmässig Gleichverteilte Funktionen Modulo 1 -- Eine Klasse Vollständig Gleichverteilter Folgen -- Vollständige Gleichverteilung In Diskreten Räumen -- Über Die Direkten Methoden Der Variationsrechnung Und Gleichverteilung -- Asymptotische Untersuchungen Zur Durchschnittlichen Gestalt Gewisser Graphenklassen II -- Asymptotische Untersuchungen Ober Charakteristische Parameter Von Suchb?umen -- Zur Auswertung Gewisser Numerischer Reihen Mit Hilfe Modularer Funktionen -- Über Einige Funktionaldifferentialgleichungen Aus Der Analyse Von Algorithmen -- Über Längste 1-Teilfolgen In 0-1-Folgen -- Eine Explizite Formel Für -- Einige Bemerkungen Über Stetige Funktionen Auf Topologischen Gruppen -- Einige Bemerkungen Zur Diskreten Gleichverteilung -- Über Das Cauchysche Anfangswertproblem Für Eine Klasse Linearer Partieller Funktional-DifferentialgleichungenCombinatoricsNumber theoryNumerical analysisProbabilistic theoryHlawka, Edmundauthorhttp://id.loc.gov/vocabulary/relators/aut60210Springer eBooksPrinted edition:9783540180159An electronic book accessible through the World Wide Webhttps://link.springer.com/book/10.1007/BFb0078590.b1437205803-03-2230-07-19991003690419707536Zahlentheoretische Analysis II1745172UNISALENTOle01330-07-19m@ -gerde 0007251oam 22005413 450 991079580840332120220831093243.09781118391433(electronic bk.)9781118390221(MiAaPQ)EBC4042995(Au-PeEL)EBL4042995(CaPaEBR)ebr11115172(CaONFJC)MIL845043(OCoLC)919202335(EXLCZ)991768803940004120220831d2015 uy 0engurcnu||||||||txtrdacontentcrdamediacrrdacarrierAmerican English Dialects and Variation3rd ed.Hoboken :John Wiley & Sons, Incorporated,2015.©2014.1 online resource (457 pages)Language in Society Ser. ;v.45Print version: Wolfram, Walt American English Hoboken : John Wiley & Sons, Incorporated,c2015 9781118390221 Intro -- Title Page -- Copyright Page -- Contents -- Companion Website -- List of Figures -- Preface -- Phonetic Symbols -- Chapter 1 Dialects, Standards, and Vernaculars -- 1.1 Defining Dialect -- 1.2 Dialect: The Popular Viewpoint -- 1.3 Dialect Myths and Linguistic Reality -- 1.4 Standards and Vernaculars -- 1.5 Language Descriptivism and Prescriptivism -- 1.6 Vernacular Dialects -- 1.7 Labeling Vernacular Dialects -- 1.8 Why Study Dialects? -- 1.9 A Tradition of Study -- 1.10 Further Reading -- References -- Chapter 2 Why Dialects? -- 2.1 Sociohistorical Explanation -- 2.1.1 Settlement -- 2.1.2 Migration -- 2.1.3 Geographical factors -- 2.1.4 Language contact -- 2.1.5 Economic ecology -- 2.1.6 Social stratification -- 2.1.7 Social interaction, social practices, and speech communities -- 2.1.8 Group and individual identity -- 2.2 Linguistic Explanation -- 2.2.1 Rule extension -- 2.2.2 Analogy -- 2.2.3 Transparency and grammaticalization -- 2.2.4 Pronunciation principles -- 2.2.5 Words and word meanings -- 2.3 The Final Product -- 2.4 Further Reading -- References -- Chapter 3 Levels of Dialect -- 3.1 Lexical Differences -- 3.2 Slang -- 3.3 Phonological Differences -- 3.4 Grammatical Differences -- 3.5 Language Use and Pragmatics -- 3.6 Further Reading -- References -- Chapter 4 Dialects in the United States: Past, Present, and Future -- 4.1 The First English(es) in America -- 4.1.1 Jamestown -- 4.1.2 Boston -- 4.1.3 Philadelphia -- 4.1.4 Charleston -- 4.1.5 New Orleans -- 4.2 Earlier American English: The Colonial Period -- 4.3 American English Extended -- 4.4 The Westward Expansion of English -- 4.5 The Present and Future State of American English -- 4.6 Further Reading -- References -- Chapter 5 Regional Varieties of English -- 5.1 Eliciting Regional Dialect Forms -- 5.2 Mapping Regional Variants -- 5.3 The Distribution of Dialect Forms.5.4 Dialect Diffusion -- 5.5 Perceptual Dialectology -- 5.6 Region and Place -- 5.7 Further Reading -- Websites -- References -- Chapter 6 Social Varieties of American English -- 6.1 Social Status and Class -- 6.2 Beyond Social Class -- 6.3 Indexing Social Meanings through Language Variation -- 6.4 The Patterning of Social Differences in Language -- 6.5 Linguistic Constraints on Variability -- 6.6 The Social Evaluation of Linguistic Features -- 6.7 Social Class and Language Change -- 6.8 Further Reading -- References -- Chapter 7 Ethnicity and American English -- 7.1 Ethnic Varieties and Ethnolinguistic Repertoire -- 7.2 Patterns of Ethnolinguistic Variation -- 7.3 Latino English -- 7.4 Cajun English -- 7.5 Lumbee English -- 7.6 Jewish American English -- 7.7 Asian American English -- 7.8 Further Reading -- References -- Chapter 8 African American English -- 8.1 Defining the English of African Americans -- 8.2 The Relationship between European American and African American English -- 8.3 The Origin and Early Development of African American English -- 8.3.1 The Anglicist Hypothesis -- 8.3.2 The Creolist Hypothesis -- 8.3.3 A Note on Creole Exceptionalism -- 8.3.4 The Neo-Anglicist Hypothesis -- 8.3.5 The Substrate Hypothesis -- 8.4 The Contemporary Development of African American Speech -- 8.5 Conclusion -- 8.6 Further Reading -- References -- Chapter 9 Gender and Language Variation -- 9.1 Gender-based Patterns of Variation -- 9.2 Explaining General Patterns -- 9.3 Localized Expressions of Gender Relations -- 9.4 Communities of Practice: Linking the Local and the Global -- 9.5 Gender and Language Use -- 9.5.1 The "Female Deficit" Approach -- 9.5.2 The "Cultural Difference" Approach -- 9.5.3 The "Dominance" Approach -- 9.6 Investigating Gender Diversity -- 9.7 Talking about Men and Women -- 9.7.1 Generic he and man -- 9.7.2 Family names and addresses.9.7.3 Relationships of association -- 9.7.4 Labeling -- 9.8 The Question of Language Reform -- 9.9 Further Reading -- References -- Chapter 10 Dialects and Style -- 10.1 Types of Style Shifting -- 10.2 Attention to Speech -- 10.2.1 The patterning of stylistic variation across social groups -- 10.2.2 Limitations of the attention to speech approach -- 10.3 Audience Design -- 10.3.1 The effects of audience on speech style -- 10.3.2 Questions concerning audience design -- 10.4 Speaker Design Approaches -- 10.4.1 Three approaches to style, "three waves" of quantitative sociolinguistic study -- 10.4.2 Studying stylistic variation from a speaker-design perspective -- 10.5 Further Considerations -- 10.6 Further Reading -- References -- Chapter 11 The Application of Dialect Study -- 11.1 Dialects and Assessment Testing -- 11.1.1 "Correctness" in assessing language achievement and development -- 11.1.2 Testing linguistic knowledge -- 11.1.3 Using language to test other knowledge -- 11.1.4 The testing situation -- 11.2 Teaching Mainstream American English -- 11.2.1 What standard? -- 11.2.2 Approaches to MAE -- 11.2.3 Can MAE be taught? -- 11.3 Further Reading -- References -- Chapter 12 Dialect Awareness: Extending Application -- 12.1 Dialects and Reading -- 12.2 Dialect Influence in Written Language -- 12.3 Literary Dialect -- 12.4 Proactive Dialect Awareness Programs -- 12.5 Venues of Engagement -- 12.6 A Curriculum on Dialects -- 12.7 Scrutinizing Sociolinguistic Engagement -- 12.8 Further Reading -- Websites -- References -- Appendix: An Inventory of Distinguishing Dialect Features -- Phonological Features -- Consonants -- Grammatical Features -- The Verb Phrase -- Adverbs -- Negation -- Nouns and Pronouns -- Other Grammatical Structures -- References -- Glossary -- Reference -- Index -- EULA.Language in Society Ser.English language -- Dialects -- United StatesEnglish language -- Variation -- United StatesAmericanismsElectronic books.English language -- Dialects -- United States.English language -- Variation -- United States.Americanisms.427/.973Wolfram Walt165932Schilling Natalie756141MiAaPQMiAaPQMiAaPQ9910795808403321American English3694080UNINA