08079nam 2201981 a 450 991079095430332120200520144314.097866132910661-283-29106-11-4008-4133-X10.1515/9781400841332(CKB)2550000001252147(EBL)784521(OCoLC)757261046(SSID)ssj0000554329(PQKBManifestationID)12202455(PQKBTitleCode)TC0000554329(PQKBWorkID)10512657(PQKB)10339344(SSID)ssj0000631764(PQKBManifestationID)11941465(PQKBTitleCode)TC0000631764(PQKBWorkID)10599581(PQKB)11226503(OCoLC)769187868(MdBmJHUP)muse37024(DE-B1597)447532(OCoLC)1054881778(OCoLC)979593899(DE-B1597)9781400841332(Au-PeEL)EBL784521(CaPaEBR)ebr10503248(CaONFJC)MIL329106(PPN)195537491(MiAaPQ)EBC784521(PPN)187958815(EXLCZ)99255000000125214720030926d2004 uy 0engur|n|---|||||txtccrAfter Brown[electronic resource] the rise and retreat of school desegregation /Charles T. ClotfelterCourse BookPrinceton, N.J. Princeton University Pressc20041 online resource (297 p.)A Princeton University Press e-book"--Cover.0-691-12637-2 0-691-11911-2 Includes bibliographical references and index. Frontmatter -- Contents -- Illustrations -- Tables -- Preface -- Introduction -- CHAPTER ONE. Walls Came Tumbling Down -- CHAPTER TWO. The Legacies of Brown and Milliken -- CHAPTER THREE. Residential Segregation and "White Flight" -- CHAPTER FOUR. The Private School Option -- CHAPTER FIVE. Inside Schools: Classrooms and School Activities -- CHAPTER SIX. Higher Learning and the Color Line -- CHAPTER SEVEN. So What? -- Methodological Appendix -- Notes -- References -- IndexThe United States Supreme Court's 1954 landmark decision, Brown v. Board of Education, set into motion a process of desegregation that would eventually transform American public schools. This book provides a comprehensive and up-to-date assessment of how Brown's most visible effect--contact between students of different racial groups--has changed over the fifty years since the decision. Using both published and unpublished data on school enrollments from across the country, Charles Clotfelter uses measures of interracial contact, racial isolation, and segregation to chronicle the changes. He goes beyond previous studies by drawing on heretofore unanalyzed enrollment data covering the first decade after Brown, calculating segregation for metropolitan areas rather than just school districts, accounting for private schools, presenting recent information on segregation within schools, and measuring segregation in college enrollment. Two main conclusions emerge. First, interracial contact in American schools and colleges increased markedly over the period, with the most dramatic changes occurring in the previously segregated South. Second, despite this change, four main factors prevented even larger increases: white reluctance to accept racially mixed schools, the multiplicity of options for avoiding such schools, the willingness of local officials to accommodate the wishes of reluctant whites, and the eventual loss of will on the part of those who had been the strongest protagonists in the push for desegregation. Thus decreases in segregation within districts were partially offset by growing disparities between districts and by selected increases in private school enrollment.School integrationUnited StatesSegregation in educationUnited StatesEducation and stateUnited StatesAcademic achievement.Affirmative action.African Americans.Asian Americans.Attendance.Black school.Border Region.Brown v. Board of Education.Calculation.Catholic school.Census tract.Central State University.Charlotte-Mecklenburg Schools.Cheyney University of Pennsylvania.Civil Rights Act of 1964.Classroom.Common Core State Standards Initiative.Community college.De jure.Desegregation busing.Desegregation.Education.Elementary school.Equal Education.Equal opportunity.Ethnic group.Extracurricular activity.Finding.Fort Wayne Community Schools.Gary Orfield.Gordon Allport.Graduate school.Gunnar Myrdal.Harvard College.Harvard University.Higher education.Historically black colleges and universities.Household.Income.Institution.Integrated Postsecondary Education Data System.Junior college.Kindergarten.Lincoln University (Pennsylvania).Magnet school.Matriculation.Metropolitan statistical area.Middle school.Milliken v. Bradley.Minority group.Mixed-sex education.National Association for the Advancement of Colored People.National Association of Independent Schools.National Center for Education Statistics.New York City Department of Education.Ninth grade.Of Education.Office for Civil Rights.Pell Grant.Percentage point.Percentage.Policy debate.Private school.Private sector.Private university.Psychologist.Public school (United Kingdom).Public university.Racial "a.Racial integration.Racial segregation.Racism.Rates (tax).School choice.School district.School of education.Secondary education.Secondary school.Self-esteem.Separate school.Slavery.Social class.Social science.Sociology.Special education.State school.Student.Students' union.Suburb.Sweatt v. Painter.Teacher.Tenth grade.Tuition payments.Undergraduate education.University and college admission.University of North Carolina.University-preparatory school.University.White flight.Year.School integrationSegregation in educationEducation and state379.2/63/0973Clotfelter Charles T140636MiAaPQMiAaPQMiAaPQBOOK9910790954303321After Brown3675348UNINA04439nam 22005413 450 991083822770332120240718190049.01-4773-2270-110.7560/322680(CKB)4100000011950762(MiAaPQ)EBC6636663(Au-PeEL)EBL6636663(OCoLC)1256447016(DE-B1597)625675(DE-B1597)9781477322703(EXLCZ)99410000001195076220210901d2021 uy 0engurcnu||||||||txtrdacontentcrdamediacrrdacarrierReverberations of racial violence critical reflections on the history of the border /edited by Sonia Hernández and John Morán GonzálezAustin :University of Texas Press,2021.©2021.1 online resource (323 pages)Jack and Doris Smothers series in Texas history, life, and culturePrint version: Reverberations of racial violence. First edition. Austin : University of Texas Press, 2021 9781477322680 (DLC) 2020044288 (OCoLC)1198988108 Includes bibliographical references and index.Foreword / Antonia I. Castañeda -- Introduction: Memory, violence, and history in the 1919 Canales investigation / Sonia Hernández and John Morán González -- Poem 1. Yo soy de Frank Rabbaté / Diana Noreen Rivera -- Section I. La Matanza and the Canales investigation in context -- Refusing to forget: a brief history / Trinidad Gonzales, Benjamin Heber Johnson, and Monica Muñoz Martinez -- Anglos, Mexicans, and Rangers in Texas, 1850-1900 / Andrew R. Graybill -- Texas in four parts: the bordered world of 1919 / Walter L. Buenger -- La Matanza and the Canales investigation in comparative perspective / William D. Carrigan and Clive Webb -- Representation, refusal, and remembrance: lynching and extralegal violence in Mexico and the United States, 1890s-1930s / Gema Kloppe-Santamaría -- Section II. J. T. Canales, resistance, and resilience -- The world of education among ethnic Mexicans in J. T. Canales's South Texas / Philis M. Barragán Goetz and Carlos K. Blanton -- Humanizing La Raza: the activist journalism of the Idar family in early twentieth-century Texas / Gabriela González -- José Tomás Canales and the paradox of power / Richard Ribb -- J. T. Canales's contributions in law, civil rights, and education, 1920-1976 / Cynthia E. Orozco -- Section III. Reflections on recovering a history of state violence and its reverberations -- Hidden history: a journey through the past, with hard lessons for the present / Kirby F. Warnock -- Recovering the 1919 Canales investigation of the Texas Ranger Force: archival investigation and its consequences, 1975-2010 / James A. Sandos -- The legacy of La Matanza, intergenerational trauma, and the writing of El Rinche / Christopher Carmona -- Stewarding the personal narratives of painful history / Margaret Koch -- Reckoning with the past toward the here and now / Katherine Hite -- Poem 2. Living witness / Nati Román -- Epilogue / John Phillip Santos."The edited collection examines violence against Mexicans and Mexican Americans in Texas between 1910 and 1920, perpetrated by strangers, neighbors, vigilantes, and especially law enforcement officers. It also chronicles the efforts of José Tomas Canales, who called for an investigation into the violence committed by Texas Rangers, inspiring a new era of Mexican-American civil rights activism in Texas"--Provided by publisher.Jack and Doris Smothers series in Texas history, life, and culture.MexicansViolence againstTexasHistory20th centuryMexican AmericansViolence againstTexasHistory20th centuryMexican AmericansPolitical activityTexasHistory20th centuryMexicansViolence againstHistoryMexican AmericansViolence againstHistoryMexican AmericansPolitical activityHistory363.209764Hernández Sonia1976-1665552González John Morán1153382MiAaPQMiAaPQMiAaPQBOOK9910838227703321Reverberations of racial violence4144081UNINA