06034nam 2200745Ia 450 991078551580332120200520144314.00-231-51682-710.7312/alle14444(CKB)2670000000241343(EBL)983178(OCoLC)817928678(SSID)ssj0000750276(PQKBManifestationID)12333150(PQKBTitleCode)TC0000750276(PQKBWorkID)10737334(PQKB)10008534(DE-B1597)458591(OCoLC)1013934490(OCoLC)1029820741(OCoLC)1032694398(OCoLC)1037968115(OCoLC)1041973984(OCoLC)1046605446(OCoLC)1047048311(OCoLC)1049621700(OCoLC)1054876305(OCoLC)979574362(DE-B1597)9780231516822(Au-PeEL)EBL983178(CaPaEBR)ebr10595208(CaONFJC)MIL853845(MiAaPQ)EBC983178(EXLCZ)99267000000024134320080219d2008 uy 0engur|n|---|||||txtccrDiscontinuities in ecosystems and other complex systems[electronic resource] /Craig R. Allen and C.S. Holling, editorsNew York Columbia University Pressc20081 online resource (287 p.)Complexity in Ecological SystemsComplexity in ecological systems seriesDescription based upon print version of record.0-231-14445-8 Includes bibliographical references (p. [241]-263) and index.Frontmatter -- CONTENTS -- Preface -- PART 1. BACKGROUND -- 1. Panarchies and Discontinuities / Holling, Crawford S. / Peterson, Garry D. / Allen, Craig R. -- 2. Self- organization and Discontinuities in Ecosystems / Peterson, Garry D. -- 3. Discontinuity, Multimodality, and the Evolution of Pattern / Cumming, Graeme S. / Havlicek, Tanya D. -- 4. Discontinuities in Body- Size Distributions / Marquet, Pablo A. / Abades, Sebastian / Keymer, Juan E. / Zeballos, Horacio -- PART 2. PATTERNS -- 5. Patterns of Landscape Structure, Discontinuity, Mammal Phylogeny, and Body Size / Sendzimir, Jan P. -- 6. Biophysical Discontinuities in the Everglades Ecosystem / Gunderson, Lance H. -- 7. Discontinuities in the Geo graph i cal Range Size of North American Birds and Butterflies / Restrepo, Carla / Arango, Natalia -- 8. Discontinuities in Urban Systems / Garmestani, Ahjond S. / Allen, Craig R. / Michael Bessey, K. -- 9. Evaluating the Textural Discontinuity Hypothesis / Stow, Craig A. / Sendzimir, Jan P. / Holling, Crawford S. -- PART 3. CONSEQUENCES -- 10. Dynamic Discontinuities in Ecologic- Economic Systems / Barkley Rosser, J. -- 11. The Ecological Significance of Discontinuities in Body- Mass Distributions / Skillen, Jennifer J. / Maurer, Brian A. -- 12. Cross- Scale Structure and the Generation of Innovation and Novelty in Discontinuous Complex Systems / Allen, Craig R. / Holling, Crawford S. -- References -- Contributors -- IndexFollowing the publication of C. S. Holling's seminal work on the relationship between animal body mass patterns and scale-specific landscape structure, ecologists began to explore the theoretical and applied consequences of discontinuities in ecosystems and other complex systems. Are ecosystems and their components continuously distributed and do they adhere to scaling laws, or are they discontinuous and more complex than early models would have us believe? The resulting propositions over the structure of complex systems sparked an ongoing debate regarding the mechanisms generating discontinuities and the statistical methods used for their detection.This volume takes the view that ecosystems and other complex systems are inherently discontinuous and that such fields as ecology, economics, and urban studies greatly benefit from this paradigm shift. Contributors present evidence of the ubiquity of discontinuous distributions in ecological and social systems and how their analysis provides insight into complex phenomena. The book is divided into three sections. The first focuses on background material and contrasting views concerning the discontinuous organization of complex systems. The second discusses discontinuous patterns detected in a number of different systems and methods for detecting them, and the third touches on the potential significance of discontinuities in complex systems. Science is still dominated by a focus on power laws, but the contributors to this volume are convinced power laws often mask the interesting dynamics of systems and that those dynamics are best revealed by investigating deviations from assumed power law distributions.In 2008, a grand conference on resilience was held in Stockholm, hosting 600 participants from around the world. There are now three big centers established with resilience, the most recent one being the Stockholm Resilience Center, with others in Australia (an international coral reef center), Arizona State University's new sustainability center focusing on anthropology, and Canada's emerging social sciences and resilience center. Activity continues to flourish in Alaska, South Africa, and the Untied Kingdom, and a new center is forming in Uruguay.Complexity in Ecological SystemsDiscontinuous groupsEcologyStatistical methodsDiscontinuous groups.EcologyStatistical methods.577Allen Craig R1479696Holling C. S1507021MiAaPQMiAaPQMiAaPQBOOK9910785515803321Discontinuities in ecosystems and other complex systems3737484UNINA03883nam 22008413u 450 991079017860332120230422031734.01-280-69734-297866136743020-8093-8476-0(CKB)2670000000162078(EBL)1354395(OCoLC)817089131(SSID)ssj0000654439(PQKBManifestationID)12283554(PQKBTitleCode)TC0000654439(PQKBWorkID)10663014(PQKB)11138014(SSID)ssj0000107045(PQKBManifestationID)11133721(PQKBTitleCode)TC0000107045(PQKBWorkID)10006047(PQKB)11315972(MiAaPQ)EBC1354395(EXLCZ)99267000000016207820140609d2000|||| u|| |engur|n|---|||||txtccrAt Lincoln's Side[electronic resource] John Hay's Civil War Correspondence and Selected WritingsCarbondale Southern Illinois University Press20001 online resource (325 p.)Description based upon print version of record.0-8093-2711-2 Cover; Frontispiece; Book Title; Copyright Page; Contents; Acknowledgments; Introduction; Part One: Civil War Correspondence; 1. 1860-1862; 2. 1863; 3. 1864-1865; Part Two: Selected Writings; 4. Hay's Reminiscences of the Civil War; 5. Biographical Sketches; Appendix 1: The Authorship of the Bixby Letter; Appendix 2: Mary Todd Lincoln's Unethical Conduct as First Lady; Notes; Index; Author Bio; Back CoverJohn Hay believed that "real history is told in private letters," and the more than 220 surviving letters and telegrams from his Civil War days prove that to be true, showing Abraham Lincoln in action: "The Tycoon is in fine whack. I have rarely seen him more serene & busy. He is managing this war, the draft, foreign relations, and planning a reconstruction of the Union, all at once. I never knew with what tyrannous authority he rules the Cabinet, till now. The most important things he decides & there is no cavil."Along with Hay's personal correspondence, Burlingame includeHay, John, 1838-1905 -- CorrespondenceHay, John, 1838-1905Lincoln, Abraham, 1809-1865 -- Friends and associatesStatesmen -- United States -- BiographyStatesmen -- United States -- CorrespondenceUnited States -- History -- Civil War, 1861-1865 -- Personal narrativesUnited States -- Politics and government -- 1861-1865StatesmenUnited StatesCorrespondenceStatesmenUnited StatesBiographyRegions & Countries - AmericasHILCCHistory & ArchaeologyHILCCUnited States - GeneralHILCCHay, John, 1838-1905 -- Correspondence.Hay, John, 1838-1905.Lincoln, Abraham, 1809-1865 -- Friends and associates.Statesmen -- United States -- Biography.Statesmen -- United States -- Correspondence.United States -- History -- Civil War, 1861-1865 -- Personal narratives.United States -- Politics and government -- 1861-1865.StatesmenStatesmenRegions & Countries - AmericasHistory & ArchaeologyUnited States - General973.7/092973.7092Burlingame Michael1121565Burlingame MichaelAU-PeELAU-PeELAU-PeELBOOK9910790178603321At Lincoln's Side3796695UNINA02615nam 22004575 450 991030011400332120200704215126.03-030-00641-710.1007/978-3-030-00641-9(CKB)4100000007158811(DE-He213)978-3-030-00641-9(MiAaPQ)EBC6312029(PPN)232474265(EXLCZ)99410000000715881120181124d2018 u| 0engurnn|008mamaatxtrdacontentcrdamediacrrdacarrierAn Introduction to the Language of Mathematics /by Frédéric Mynard1st ed. 2018.Cham :Springer International Publishing :Imprint: Springer,2018.1 online resource (XII, 185 p. 34 illus., 16 illus. in color.) 3-030-00640-9 Chapter 1- The language of logic and set-theory -- Chapter 2- On proofs and writing mathematics -- Chapter 3- Relations -- Chapter 4- Cardinality -- Appendix A- Complements -- Appendix B- Solutions to exercises in the text -- Index -- Bibliography.This is a textbook for an undergraduate mathematics major transition course from technique-based mathematics (such as Algebra and Calculus) to proof-based mathematics. It motivates the introduction of the formal language of logic and set theory and develops the basics with examples, exercises with solutions and exercises without. It then moves to a discussion of proof structure and basic proof techniques, including proofs by induction with extensive examples. An in-depth treatment of relations, particularly equivalence and order relations completes the exposition of the basic language of mathematics. The last chapter treats infinite cardinalities. An appendix gives some complement on induction and order, and another provides full solutions of the in-text exercises. The primary audience is undergraduate mathematics major, but independent readers interested in mathematics can also use the book for self-study.Proof theoryStructures and Proofshttps://scigraph.springernature.com/ontologies/product-market-codes/M24010Proof theory.Structures and Proofs.511.3511.36Mynard Frédéricauthttp://id.loc.gov/vocabulary/relators/aut732154MiAaPQMiAaPQMiAaPQBOOK9910300114003321Introduction to the Language of Mathematics1564654UNINA