05591oam 22009374 450 991078834720332120230721045642.01-4623-1138-51-4527-8741-797866128425351-4518-7178-31-282-84253-6(CKB)3170000000055203(EBL)1608176(SSID)ssj0000941480(PQKBManifestationID)11473995(PQKBTitleCode)TC0000941480(PQKBWorkID)10963971(PQKB)11134282(OCoLC)680613619(MiAaPQ)EBC1608176(IMF)WPIEE2009031(EXLCZ)99317000000005520320020129d2009 uf 0engur|n|---|||||txtccrIn Search of WTO Trade Effects : Preferential Trade Agreements Promote Trade Strongly, But Unevenly /Theo Eicher, Christian HennWashington, D.C. :International Monetary Fund,2009.1 online resource (32 p.)IMF Working PapersDescription based upon print version of record.1-4519-1614-0 Includes bibliographical references.Contents; I. Introduction; II. Data; III. Extending the Empirical Framework to Account for Individual PTA Effects; A. Results: WTO Trade Impact After Controlling for Multilateral Resistance and Individual PTA Effects (Hierarchical, Mutually Exclusive WTO Coding); B. Hierarchical, Mutually Exclusive Coding and SW's "Implicit Industrialized PTA Dummy"; IV. Individual PTA Effects, Multilateral Resistance, and Unobserved Bilateral HeterogeneityA. WTO Trade Impact: Controlling for Multilateral Resistance, Unobserved Bilateral Heterogeneity and Individual PTA Effects (Hierarchical/Mutually Exclusive WTO Coding)V. Individual PTA Trade Effects, Multilateral Resistance, and Unobserved Bilateral Hetergeneity (Mutually Inclusive WTO Coding); A. WTO Trade Impact: Controlling for Multilateral Resistance, Unobserved Bilateral Heterogeneity and Individual PTA Effects (Mutually Inclusive WTO Coding); VI. Individual PTA Trade Effects: Sensitivity to Unobserved Bilateral Heterogeneity and Multilateral Resistance Controls; VII. ConclusionReferencesTables; 1. WTO and PTA Effects (Hierarchical, Mutually Exclusive Coding); 1.a. Raw Regression Output; 2. WTO and PTA Effects (Inclusive Coding); Appendices; A1. Membership in considered Preferential Trading Arrangements; A2. Bilateral Preferential Trade Agreements considered in BilateralPTAmxt; A3. List of Countries in sample and year of WTO accession; B1. De jure coding. WTO and PTA Effects (Hierarchical, Mutually Exclusive Coding); B1.a. Raw Regression Output De jure Coding; B2. De jure coding. WTO and PTA Effects (Inclusive Coding)The literature measuring the impact of Preferential Trade Agreements (PTA) and WTO membership on trade flows has produced remarkably diverse results. Rose's (2004) seminal paper reports a range of specifications that show no WTO effects, but Subramanian and Wei (2007) contend that he does not fully control for multilateral resistance (which could bias WTO estimates). Subramanian and Wei (2007) address multilateral resistance comprehensively to report strong WTO trade effects for industrialized countries but do not account for unobserved bilateral heterogeneity (which could inflate WTO estimates). We unify these two approaches by accounting for both multilateral resistance and unobserved bilateral heterogeneity, while also allowing for individual trade effects of PTAs. WTO effects vanish and remain insignificant throughout once multilateral resistance, unobserved bilateral heterogeneity, and individual PTA effects are introduced. The result is robust to the use of alternative definitions and coding conventions for WTO membership that have been employed by Rose (2004), Tomz et al. (2007), or by Subramanian and Wei's (2007).IMF Working Papers; Working Paper ;No. 2009/031Terms of tradeTariff preferencesExports and ImportsimfTrade PolicyimfInternational Trade OrganizationsimfEmpirical Studies of TradeimfTrade: GeneralimfInternational economicsimfTrade agreementsimfTrade balanceimfPlurilateral tradeimfImportsimfNorth American Free Trade AgreementimfCommercial treatiesimfBalance of tradeimfInternational tradeimfLuxembourgimfTerms of trade.Tariff preferences.Exports and ImportsTrade PolicyInternational Trade OrganizationsEmpirical Studies of TradeTrade: GeneralInternational economicsTrade agreementsTrade balancePlurilateral tradeImportsNorth American Free Trade AgreementCommercial treatiesBalance of tradeInternational tradeEicher Theo1176252Henn Christian1493519DcWaIMFBOOK9910788347203321In Search of WTO Trade Effects3716523UNINA