05781oam 22013334 450 991078834670332120230721045634.01-4623-8504-41-4527-7530-31-282-84260-997866128426031-4518-7186-4(CKB)3170000000055206(EBL)1608183(SSID)ssj0000940079(PQKBManifestationID)11600618(PQKBTitleCode)TC0000940079(PQKBWorkID)10938245(PQKB)11155033(OCoLC)469106764(MiAaPQ)EBC1608183(IMF)WPIEE2009038(EXLCZ)99317000000005520620020129d2009 uf 0engur|n|---|||||txtccrCan the Eastern Caribbean Currency Union Afford to Grow Old? /Hunter MonroeWashington, D.C. :International Monetary Fund,2009.1 online resource (15 p.)IMF Working PapersDescription based upon print version of record.1-4519-1621-3 Includes bibliographical references.Contents; I. Introduction; II. Emigration and Sustainability; III. Asset Returns and Portfolio Allocation; IV. Other Age-Related Spending; V. Policy Recommendations; Figures; 1. Demographic Profile, 2005-60; 2. Social Security Reserve Assets per Actuarial Reviews; 3. Countries with the Largest Emigration to OECD, 1970-2000; 4. Estimates of Annual Emigration Rates, 2000; 5. Demographic Profile with Constant Emigration at the Historical OECD Rate, 2005-60; 6. Projected Year of Pension Fund Reserve Asset Depletion; 7. Social Security Reserve Portfolio Asset Allocations8. Average Age-Related Expenditure, 2004-069. Costs of Aging, 2006 vs. 2050; ReferencesThe demographic transition in the Eastern Caribbean Currency Union (ECCU) now underway is rapid compared with international experience, and emigration is playing a particularly large role. This paper describes and quantifies several factors which could magnify the challenge of pension reform. First, for some ECCU countries, continued emigration at historical rates would considerably advance the projected date at which pension scheme assets are depleted. Second, there is a significant risk that assets will underperform, given the large exposures to the highly-leveraged public sector and to a lesser extent the record with private sector investments. Third, portfolio diversification away from the public sector could be complicated by age-related pressure for greater central government health spending.IMF Working Papers; Working Paper ;No. 2009/038PensionsLaborimfMacroeconomicsimfPublic FinanceimfEmigration and ImmigrationimfPension FundsimfNon-bank Financial InstitutionsimfFinancial InstrumentsimfInstitutional InvestorsimfUrban, Rural, and Regional Economics: Regional MigrationimfRegional Labor MarketsimfPopulationimfNonwage Labor Costs and BenefitsimfPrivate PensionsimfInternational MigrationimfSocial Security and Public PensionsimfPublic EnterprisesimfPublic-Private EnterprisesimfNational Government Expenditures and HealthimfPensionsimfMigration, immigration & emigrationimfCivil service & public sectorimfPublic finance & taxationimfMigrationimfPension spendingimfPublic sectorimfHealth care spendingimfExpenditureimfPopulation and demographicsimfEconomic sectorsimfEmigration and immigrationimfFinance, PublicimfExpenditures, PublicimfAntigua and BarbudaimfPensions.LaborMacroeconomicsPublic FinanceEmigration and ImmigrationPension FundsNon-bank Financial InstitutionsFinancial InstrumentsInstitutional InvestorsUrban, Rural, and Regional Economics: Regional MigrationRegional Labor MarketsPopulationNonwage Labor Costs and BenefitsPrivate PensionsInternational MigrationSocial Security and Public PensionsPublic EnterprisesPublic-Private EnterprisesNational Government Expenditures and HealthPensionsMigration, immigration & emigrationCivil service & public sectorPublic finance & taxationMigrationPension spendingPublic sectorHealth care spendingExpenditurePopulation and demographicsEconomic sectorsEmigration and immigrationFinance, PublicExpenditures, PublicMonroe Hunter1472700International Monetary Fund.DcWaIMFBOOK9910788346703321Can the Eastern Caribbean Currency Union Afford to Grow Old3716518UNINA