05640oam 22007215 450 991078708670332120200520144314.00-8213-9536-X10.1596/978-0-8213-9535-6(CKB)3710000000226821(EBL)1785082(SSID)ssj0001333850(PQKBManifestationID)12570934(PQKBTitleCode)TC0001333850(PQKBWorkID)11393790(PQKB)10874258(MiAaPQ)EBC1785082(Au-PeEL)EBL1785082(CaPaEBR)ebr10921767(CaONFJC)MIL644110(OCoLC)890982223(The World Bank)17223086(US-djbf)17223086(EXLCZ)99371000000022682120120322d2012 uy 0engurcn|||||||||txtrdacontentcrdamediacrrdacarrierStriving for better jobs : the challenge of informality in the Middle East and North Africa /Roberta Gatti ... [and others]Washington DC :World Bank,2012.pages cmDirections in developmentDescription based upon print version of record.1-322-12857-X 0-8213-9535-1 Includes bibliographical references at the end of each chapters.Front Cover; Contents; Preface; Acknowledgments; Contributors; Abbreviations; Overview; Background; Understanding Informality; Figure O.1 Informality and Economic Development; Figures; Informality in MENA: Levels and Trends; Figure O.2 Informality in MENA Compared to Other Regions; Who Are Informal Workers?; Figure O.3 Informality Rates for Selected Non-Gulf Cooperation Council Members; Figure O.4 Annual Growth Rates of Informality; Figure O.5 Informality Rates by Quintile of Per Capita Consumption for Selected CountriesFigure O.6 Employment Status by Age for Selected Countries, Urban Areas Only Figure O.7 Informality Rates by Highest Educational Level Completed; Figure O.8 Informality and Firm Size; Informality among Firms; Figure O.9 Unregistered Firms, by Region; Figure O.10 Highest Level of Education of Managers in Formal and Informal Manufacturing Firms in Egypt, 2009; Informality in MENA: Exclusion or Choice?; Figure O.11 Transitions of Originally Informal Salaried Private Sector Male Workers; Figure O.12 Estimated Formality Premium by Gender in Different CountriesBarriers to Coverage and Policy Options Notes; References; Chapter 1 How Large Is Informality and Why Do We Care?; What Is Informality?; How to Measure Informality; Boxes; Box 1.1 Defining Informality; Tables; Table 1.1 Summary of Data and Definitions Used in This Report; Box 1.2 Main Definitions of Relevant Variables and Survey Questions from Data Available in MENA; Figure 1.1 Correlation among Most-Used Informality Indicators; Why Does Informality Matter?; Figure 1.2 Correlations among Different Definitions of Labor Informality (Worker's Side); Figure 1.3 Informality and Economic DevelopmentFigure 1.4 Effect of Informality on Growth Informality in MENA; Figure 1.5 Employment and Unemployment Rates in MENA; Figure 1.6 Economic Growth and Employment Growth; Figure 1.7 Annual Population Growth Rates (%) (2005-2009); Figure 1.8 Sectoral Contribution to Annual Employment Growth in Typical MENA Country and Selected Other Countries, Average for 2000's; Figure 1.9 Prevalence of Informality in MENA versus Other Regions; Figure 1.10 Informality Rates for Selected Non-GCC Economies; What Causes Informality?; Figure 1.11 Annual Growth Rates of InformalityFigure 1.12 Correlation between Informality and Governance/Regulation Figure 1.13 Correlation between Informality and Education/Demographic Factors; Figure 1.14 Correlation between Informality and Government Size; Figure 1.15 Correlation between Informality and Indirect Labor Costs; Figure 1.16 Percentage Difference in Education and Youth Bulge with Respect to the World Median; Figure 1.17 Percentage Difference in Rural Population and Agricultural Output with Respect to the World Median; Conclusions; Figure 1.18 Percentage Difference in Public Employment with Respect to the World Median; AnnexAnnex Table 1A. 1 Sample Economies in the Informality RegressionWhile economic growth has been sustained for a number of years in many countries in the Middle East and North Africa (MENA) region, this has not resulted in the creation of an adequate number of jobs and has succeeded, at best, in generating low-quality, informal jobs. While there is a great deal of heterogeneity across countries, informality in MENA is widespread, and some countries in the region are amongst the most informal economies in the world. The book looks at informality through a human development angle and focuses specifically on informal employment. In line with this approach, the...World Bank e-Library.Informal sector (Economics)Africa, NorthInformal sector (Economics)Middle EastLabor marketAfrica, NorthLabor marketMiddle EastInformal sector (Economics)Informal sector (Economics)Labor marketLabor market331Gatti RobertaWorld Bank,DLCDLCBOOK9910787086703321Striving for better jobs3741476UNINA