05200oam 2200541 450 991077969080332120190911112724.01-299-46215-41-908977-13-2(OCoLC)841216098(MiFhGG)GVRL8REQ(EXLCZ)99255000000101920620130808h20132013 uy 0engurun|---uuuuatxtccrHalf-metallic materials and their properties /C.Y. Fong, University of California, Davis, USA, J.E. Pask, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, USA, L.H. Yang, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, USALondon, UK Imperial College Press ;Singapore Dist. by World Scientific2013London :Imperial College Press,[2013]�20131 online resource (xii, 291 pages) illustrationsMaterials for engineering ;v. 2Description based upon print version of record.1-908977-12-4 Includes bibliographical references and index.Acknowledgments; Preface; Contents; 1. Introduction; 1.1 Background; 1.2 Classes of Half-metals; 1.3 Half-metallic Devices; 2. Methods of Studying Half-metals; 2.1 Introduction; 2.2 Molecular BeamEpitaxy (MBE); 2.2.1. Schematic setup; 2.2.2. Issues concerning growth; 2.2.2.1. Substrate for Heusler alloys; 2.2.2.2. Substrate for HMs with ZB structure; 2.2.2.3. Temperature; 2.3 Characterization of Samples; 2.3.1. Reflection high-energy electron diffraction (RHEED); 2.3.1.1. Basic information; 2.3.1.2. What is measured; 2.3.2. X-ray reflectometry (XRR); 2.3.2.1. Basic information2.3.2.2. Schematic setup2.3.2.3. What is measured; 2.3.3. Scanning tunneling microscopy (STM); 2.3.3.1. Basic information; 2.3.3.2. What is measured; 2.3.4. Auger electron spectroscopy (AES); 2.3.4.1. Basic processes; 2.3.4.2. Simplified experimental setup; 2.3.4.3. What is measured; 2.3.4.4. Remarks; 2.4 Methods of Determining Physical Properties; 2.4.1. Magnetic properties; 2.4.1.1. SQUID-based magnetometer; 2.4.1.2. Magneto-optical Kerr effect (MOKE); 2.4.1.3. X-ray magnetic circular dichroism (XMCD); 2.4.2. Transport properties; 2.4.2.1. Magnetic tunnel junctions (MTJs)2.4.2.2. Resistivity2.4.2.3. Hall conductivity; 2.4.3. Half-metallic properties; 2.4.3.1. Spin-polarized angle-resolved photoemission spectroscopy (ARPES); 2.4.3.2. Ferromagnet-superconductor tunneling; 2.4.3.3. Andreev reflection; 2.4.3.4. Curie temperature TC; 2.5 TheoreticalMethods; 2.5.1. Density functional theory (DFT); 2.5.1.1. Hohenberg-Kohn theorem I; 2.5.1.2. Hohenberg-Kohn theorem II; 2.5.2. Kohn-Sham equations; 2.5.2.1. Local density approximation (LDA); 2.5.2.2. Spin-polarized Kohn-Sham equations; 2.5.2.3. Generalized gradient approximation (GGA)2.5.3. Methods of calculating electronic properties2.5.3.1. Linearized augmented plane wave (LAPW) method; 2.5.3.2. Korringa-Kohn-Rostoker (KKR) method; 2.5.3.3. Pseudopotential method; 2.5.3.4. LDA+U; 2.5.4. Methods of calculating Curie temperature TC; 2.5.4.1. Determination of the dominant excitation; 2.5.4.2. Basic idea; 2.5.4.3. Comments on practical calculations; 3. Heusler Alloys; 3.1 Introduction; 3.2 Half-Heusler and Full-Heusler Alloys; 3.3 Methods of Growing Heusler Alloys; 3.3.1. Bulk Heusler alloys; 3.3.1.1. Arc-melting method; 3.3.1.2. Tri-arc Czochralski method3.3.2. Thin films3.3.2.1. MBE method; 3.3.2.2. Radio frequency magnetron sputtering method; 3.3.2.3. Pulsed laser deposition (PLD); 3.4 Characterization of Heusler Alloys; 3.4.1. Bulk Heusler alloys; 3.4.2. Thin films; 3.4.2.1. Auger electron spectroscopy (AES); 3.4.2.2. Low-energy electron diffraction (LEED); 3.5 Physical Properties of Bulk Heusler Alloys; 3.5.1. Magnetic moments and the Slater-Pauling rule; 3.5.2. Insulating gap in half-metallic Heusler alloys; 3.5.2.1. Half-Heusler alloys; 3.5.2.2. Full-Heusler alloys; 3.5.3. Polarization at EF; 3.5.4. Magnetic moments3.5.5. Curie temperature TCThis volume provides a detailed treatment of half-metallic materials and their properties from both an experimental and theoretical point of view. It discusses the methods used to understand and predict the properties of half-metals and the gamut of other materials amenable to these techniques. It also offers an expansive bibliography to facilitate further and deeper research. This book provides the precise definitions of all key terminology used in the vast and varied literature.This is the first comprehensive monograph on the subject and will serve as a starting point for graduate students aSeries on materials for engineering ;v. 2.Metallic compositesMetallic composites.620620.16Fong C. Y(Ching-yao)1545610Pask J. E.Yang L. H.MiFhGGMiFhGGBOOK9910779690803321Half-metallic materials and their properties3800622UNINA