06273oam 22013814 450 991077927160332120230323201530.01-4623-0382-X1-4552-9315-61-283-53461-497866138470651-4552-4666-2(CKB)2550000000102577(EBL)3014792(SSID)ssj0000656462(PQKBManifestationID)11371124(PQKBTitleCode)TC0000656462(PQKBWorkID)10634612(PQKB)11153376(MiAaPQ)EBC3014792(Au-PeEL)EBL3014792(CaPaEBR)ebr10557463(CaONFJC)MIL384706(OCoLC)805512113(IMF)HMFDEE0000000(EXLCZ)99255000000010257720020129d1991 uf 0engur|n|---|||||txtrdacontentcrdamediacrrdacarrierHow to Measure the Fiscal Deficit /Mario Bléjer, A CheastyWashington, D.C. :International Monetary Fund,1991.1 online resource (400 pages)Description based upon print version of record.1-55775-192-7 Includes bibliographical references at the end of each chapters.""Contents""; ""Foreword""; ""Acknowledgments""; ""Part I. Overview""; ""1. Measuring the Fiscal Deficit: Overview of the Issues""; ""Part II. The Adequacy of Summary Measures of the Fiscal Deficit""; ""2. Fiscal Deficit Measurement; Basic Issues""; ""3. Are All Summary Indicators of the Stance of Fiscal Policy Misleading?""; ""4. Measurement of Fiscal Performance in IMF-Supported Programs: Some Methodological Issues""; ""5. Fiscal Impulse Measures and Their Fiscal Impact""; ""Part III. Conventional and Adjusted Fiscal Deficits""; ""6. The Cash Deficit: Rationale and Limitations""""7. Government Arrears in Fiscal Adjustment Programs"" ""8. Credit Subsidies in Budgetary Lending: Computation, Effects, and Fiscal Implications""; ""9. Effects of Inflation on Measurement of Fiscal Deficits: Conventional Versus Operational Measures""; ""Part IV. Coverage of the Public Sector""; ""10. Toward Defining and Measuring the Fiscal Impact of Public Enterprises""; ""11. Amalgamating Central Bank and Fiscal Deficits""; ""12. Impact of Public Financial Institutions on Fiscal Stance""; ""Part V. The Public Sector's Intertemporal Budget Constraint""""13. The Deficit as an Indicator of Government Solvency: Changes in Public Sector Net Worth"" ""14. Measurement of the Public Sector Deficit and Its Implications for Policy Evaluation and Design""; ""15. Budgetary Impact of Privatization""; ""16. Government Contingent Liabilities and Measurement of Fiscal Impact""Fiscal policy seeks to equilibrate the public sector's financing needs with the private sector's demand for investment and a sustainable balance of payments. Correct measurement of the public sector's net use of resources is therefore an important prerequisite for managing the macroeconomy. This volume, edited by Mario I. Blejer and Adrienne Cheasty, is organized around four issues: the adequacy of summary measures of the fiscal deficit, conventional and adjusted deficits, coverage (size) of the public sector, and the public sector's intertemporal budget constraint.BooksFiscal policyDeveloping countriesBudget deficitsDeveloping countriesAccountingimfBanks and BankingimfExports and ImportsimfMacroeconomicsimfPublic FinanceimfInflationimfFiscal PolicyimfDebtimfDebt ManagementimfSovereign DebtimfNational Government Expenditures and Related Policies: GeneralimfInternational Lending and Debt ProblemsimfPublic EnterprisesimfPublic-Private EnterprisesimfPublic finance & taxationimfInternational economicsimfCivil service & public sectorimfPublic ownershipimfnationalizationimfExpenditureimfFiscal policyimfPublic sectorimfArrearsimfGovernment debt managementimfExternal debtimfEconomic sectorsimfPublic financial management (PFM)imfDebts, PublicimfExpenditures, PublicimfFinance, PublicimfDebts, ExternalimfUnited StatesimfFiscal policyBudget deficitsAccountingBanks and BankingExports and ImportsMacroeconomicsPublic FinanceInflationFiscal PolicyDebtDebt ManagementSovereign DebtNational Government Expenditures and Related Policies: GeneralInternational Lending and Debt ProblemsPublic EnterprisesPublic-Private EnterprisesPublic finance & taxationInternational economicsCivil service & public sectorPublic ownershipnationalizationExpenditureFiscal policyPublic sectorArrearsGovernment debt managementExternal debtEconomic sectorsPublic financial management (PFM)Debts, PublicExpenditures, PublicFinance, PublicDebts, External339.5/09172/4Bléjer Mario1530147Cheasty A1543205DcWaIMFBOOK9910779271603321How to Measure the Fiscal Deficit3796534UNINA03999nam 22007695 450 991036660010332120200703012301.09789813298200981329820010.1007/978-981-32-9820-0(CKB)4100000009076185(DE-He213)978-981-32-9820-0(MiAaPQ)EBC5940704(PPN)242822673(MiAaPQ)EBC31886909(Au-PeEL)EBL31886909(OCoLC)1124608273(EXLCZ)99410000000907618520190824d2020 u| 0engurnn|008mamaatxtrdacontentcrdamediacrrdacarrierComputational Fluid Dynamics for Built and Natural Environments /by Zhiqiang (John) Zhai1st ed. 2020.Singapore :Springer Singapore :Imprint: Springer,2020.1 online resource (IX, 263 p. 149 illus., 85 illus. in color.) 9789813298194 9813298197 Introduce CFD -- Model Real Problems -- Select Equations to Be Solved -- Select Turbulence Modeling Method -- Select Numerical Methods -- Specify Boundary Conditions -- Generate Grid -- Solve Case -- Analyze Results -- Write CFD Report.This book introduces readers to the fundamentals of simulating and analyzing built and natural environments using the Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) method. CFD offers a powerful tool for dealing with various scientific and engineering problems and is widely used in diverse industries. This book focuses on the most important aspects of applying CFD to the study of urban, buildings, and indoor and outdoor environments. Following the logical procedure used to prepare a CFD simulation, the book covers e.g. the governing equations, boundary conditions, numerical methods, modeling of different fluid flows, and various turbulence models. Furthermore, it demonstrates how CFD can be applied to solve a range of engineering problems, providing detailed hands-on exercises on air and water flow, heat transfer, and pollution dispersion problems that typically arise in the study of buildings and environments. The book also includes practical guidance on analyzing and reporting CFD results, as well as writing CFD reports/papers.Fluid mechanicsCivil engineeringFluidsThermodynamicsHeat engineeringHeatTransmissionMass transferPollutionEngineering Fluid Dynamicshttps://scigraph.springernature.com/ontologies/product-market-codes/T15044Civil Engineeringhttps://scigraph.springernature.com/ontologies/product-market-codes/T23004Fluid- and Aerodynamicshttps://scigraph.springernature.com/ontologies/product-market-codes/P21026Engineering Thermodynamics, Heat and Mass Transferhttps://scigraph.springernature.com/ontologies/product-market-codes/T14000Pollution, generalhttps://scigraph.springernature.com/ontologies/product-market-codes/U35000Fluid mechanics.Civil engineering.Fluids.Thermodynamics.Heat engineering.HeatTransmission.Mass transfer.Pollution.Engineering Fluid Dynamics.Civil Engineering.Fluid- and Aerodynamics.Engineering Thermodynamics, Heat and Mass Transfer.Pollution, general.620.1064Zhai Zhiqiang (John)authttp://id.loc.gov/vocabulary/relators/aut1064582MiAaPQMiAaPQMiAaPQBOOK9910366600103321Computational Fluid Dynamics for Built and Natural Environments2539293UNINA