10812nam 2200553 450 991055501130332120220721123133.01-119-48813-31-119-48817-61-119-48819-2(CKB)4940000000618103(MiAaPQ)EBC6794646(Au-PeEL)EBL6794646(OCoLC)1281961485(EXLCZ)99494000000061810320220721d2022 uy 0engurcnu||||||||txtrdacontentcrdamediacrrdacarrierDiatom morphogenesis /edited by Joseph Seckbach, Vadim V. Annenkov, Richard GordonHoboken, NJ :John Wiley & Sons, Inc.,2022.1 online resource (448 pages)Diatoms: Biology and Applications1-119-48795-1 Cover -- Half-Title Page -- Series Page -- Title Page -- Copyright Page -- Contents -- Preface -- Part 1: General Issues -- 1 Introduction for a Tutorial on Diatom Morphology -- 1.1 Diatoms in Brief -- 1.2 Tools to Explore Diatom Frustule Morphology -- 1.3 Diatom Frustule 3D Reconstruction -- 1.3.1 Recommended Steps to Understand the Complex Diatom Morphology: A Guide for Beginners -- 1.4 Conclusion -- Acknowledgements -- References -- 2 The Uncanny Symmetry of Some Diatoms and Not of Others: A Multi-Scale Morphological Characteristic and a Puzzle for Morphogenesis* -- 2.1 Introduction -- 2.1.1 Recognition and Symmetry -- 2.1.2 Symmetry and Growth -- 2.1.3 Diatom Pattern Formation, Growth, and Symmetry -- 2.1.4 Diatoms and Uncanny Symmetry -- 2.1.5 Purpose of This Study -- 2.2 Methods -- 2.2.1 Centric Diatom Images Used for Analysis -- 2.2.2 Centric Diatoms, Morphology, and Valve Formation -- 2.2.3 Image Entropy and Symmetry Measurement -- 2.2.4 Image Preparation for Measurement -- 2.2.5 Image Tilt and Slant Measurement Correction for Entropy Values -- 2.2.6 Symmetry Analysis -- 2.2.7 Entropy, Symmetry, and Stability -- 2.2.8 Randomness and Instability -- 2.3 Results -- 2.3.1 Symmetry Analysis -- 2.3.2 Valve Formation-Stability and Instability Analyses -- 2.4 Discussion -- 2.4.1 Symmetry and Scale in Diatoms -- 2.4.2 Valve Formation and Stability -- 2.4.3 Symmetry, Stability and Diatom Morphogenesis -- 2.4.4 Future Research-Symmetry, Stability and Directionality in Diatom Morphogenesis -- References -- 3 On the Size Sequence of Diatoms in Clonal Chains -- 3.1 Introduction -- 3.2 Mathematical Analysis of t he Size Sequence -- 3.2.1 Alternative Method for Calculating the Size Sequence -- 3.2.2 Self-Similarity and Fractal Structure -- 3.2.3 Matching Fragments to a Generation Based on Known SizeIndices of the Fragment.3.2.4 Sequence of the Differences of the Size Indices -- 3.2.5 Matching Fragments to a Generation Based on Unknown SizeIndices of the Fragment -- 3.2.6 Synchronicity of Cell Divisions -- 3.3 Observations -- 3.3.1 Challenges in Verifying the Sequence of Sizes -- 3.3.2 Materials and Methods -- 3.3.3 Investigation of the Size Sequence of a Eunotia sp. -- 3.3.4 Synchronicity -- 3.4 Conclusions -- Acknowledgements -- Appendix 3A L-System for the Generation of the Sequence of Differences in Size Indices of Adjacent Diatoms -- Appendix 3B Probability Consideration for Loss of Synchronicity -- References -- 4 Valve Morphogenesis in Amphitetrasantediluviana Ehrenberg -- 4.1 Introduction -- 4.2 Material and Methods -- 4.3 Observations -- 4.3.1 Amphitetras antediluviana Mature Valves -- 4.3.2 Amphitetras antediluviana Forming Valves -- 4.3.3 Amphitetras antediluviana Girdle Band Formation -- 4.4 Conclusion -- Acknowledgments -- References -- Part 2: Simulation -- 5 Geometric Models of Concentric and Spiral Areola Patterns of Centric Diatoms -- 5.1 Introduction -- 5.2 Set of Common Rules Used in the Models -- 5.3 Concentric Pattern of Areolae -- 5.4 Spiral Patterns of Areolae -- 5.4.1 Unidirectional Spiral Pattern -- 5.4.2 Bidirectional Spiral Pattern -- 5.4.3 Common Genesis of Unidirectional and Bidirectional Spiral Patterns -- 5.5 Conversion of an Areolae-Based Model Into a Frame-Based Model -- 5.6 Conclusion -- Acknowledgements -- References -- 6 Diatom Pore Arrays' Periodicities and Symmetries in the Euclidean Plane: Nature Between Perfection and Imperfection -- 6.1 Introduction -- 6.2 Materials and Methods -- 6.2.1 Micrograph Segmentation -- 6.2.2 Two-Dimensional Fast Fourier Analysis and Autocorrelation Function Analysis -- 6.2.3 Lattice Measurements and Recognition -- 6.2.4 Accuracy of 2D ACF-Based Calculations.6.2.5 The Perfection of the Unit Cell Parameters Between Different Parts (Groups of Pore Arrays) of the Same Valve and the Same Micrograph -- 6.3 Results and Discussion -- 6.3.1 Toward Standardization of the Methodology for the Recognition of 2D Periodicities of Pore Arrays in Diatom Micrographs -- 6.3.1.1 Using Two-Dimensional Fast Fourier Transform Analysis -- 6.3.1.2 Using Two-Dimensional Autocorrelation Function -- 6.3.1.3 The Accuracy of Lattice Parameters' Measurements Using the Proposed 2D ACF Analysis -- 6.3.2 Exploring the Periodicity in Our Studied Micrographs and the Possible Presence of Different Types of 2D Lattices in Diatoms -- 6.3.2.1 Irregular Pore Scattering (Non-Periodic Pores) -- 6.3.2.2 Linear Periodicity of Pores in Striae (1D Periodicity) -- 6.3.2.3 The Different 2D Lattices in Diatom Pore Arrays -- 6.3.3 How Perfectly Can Diatoms Build Their 2D Pore Arrays? -- 6.3.3.1 Variation of the 2D Lattice Within the Connected Pore Array of the Valve -- 6.3.3.2 Comparison of 2D Lattice Parameters and Degree of Perfection of Distinct Pore Array Groups in the Same Micrograph and Va -- 6.3.3.3 The Perfection of 2D Lattices of Diatom Pore Arrays Compared to Perfect (Non-Oblique) 2D Bravais Lattices -- 6.3.4 Planar Symmetry Groups to Describe the Whole Diatom Valve Symmetries and Additionally Describe the Complicated 2D Periodic Pore Arrays' Symmetries -- 6.3.4.1 Rosette Groups -- 6.3.4.2 Frieze Groups -- 6.3.4.3 Wallpaper Groups -- 6.4 Conclusion -- Acknowledgment -- Glossary -- References -- 7 Quantified Ensemble 3D Surface Features Modeled as a Window on Centric Diatom Valve Morphogenesis -- 7.1 Introduction -- 7.1.1 From 3D Surface Morphology to Morphogenesis -- 7.1.2 Geometric Basis of 3D Surface Models and Analysis -- 7.1.3 Differential Geometry of 3D Surface -- 7.1.4 3D Surface Feature Geometry and Morphological Attributes.7.1.5 Centric Diatom Taxa Used as Exemplars in 3D Surface Models for Morphogenetic Analysis -- 7.1.6 Morphogenetic Descriptors of Centric Diatoms in Valve Formation as Sequential Change in 3D Surface Morphology -- 7.1.7 Purposes of This Study -- 7.2 Methods -- 7.2.1 Measurement of Ensemble Surface Features and 3D Surface Morphology: Derivation and Solution of the Jacobian, Hessian, Laplacian, and Christoffel Symbols -- 7.2.1.1 The Jacobian of 3D Surface Morphology -- 7.2.1.2 Monge Patch -- 7.2.1.3 First and Second Fundamental Forms and Surface Characterization of the Monge Patch -- 7.2.1.4 3D Surface Characterization via Gauss and Weingarten Maps and the Fundamental Forms -- 7.2.1.5 Peaks, Valleys, and Saddles of Surface Morphology and the Hessian -- 7.2.1.6 Smoothness as a Characterization of Surface Morphology and the Laplacian -- 7.2.1.7 Point Connections of 3D Surface Morphology and Christoffel Symbols -- 7.2.1.8 Protocol for Using Centric Diatom 3D Surface Models and Their Ensemble Surface Features in Valve Formation Analysis -- 7.3 Results -- 7.4 Discussion -- 7.4.1 Ensemble Surface Features and Physical Characteristics of Valve Morphogenesis -- 7.4.2 Factors Affecting Valve Formation -- 7.4.3 Diatom Growth Patterns-Buckling and Wave Fronts -- 7.4.4 Valve Formation, Ensemble Surface Features, and Self-Similarity -- 7.4.5 Diatom Morphogenesis: Cytoplasmic Inheritance and Phenotypic Plasticity -- 7.4.6 Phenotypic Variation and Ensemble Surface Features: Epistasis and Canalization -- 7.5 Conclusions -- Acknowledgment -- References -- 8 Buckling: A Geometric and Biophysical Multiscale Feature of Centric Diatom Valve Morphogenesis -- 8.1 Introduction -- 8.2 Purpose of Study -- 8.3 Background: Multiscale Diatom Morphogenesis -- 8.3.1 Valve Morphogenesis-Schemata of Schmid and Volcani and of Hildebrand, Lerch, and Shrestha.8.3.2 Valve Formation-An Overview at the Microscale -- 8.3.3 Valve Formation-An Overview at the Mesoand Microscale -- 8.3.4 Valve Formation-An Overview at the Mesoand Nanoscale -- 8.4 Biophysics of Diatom Valve Formation and Buckling -- 8.4.1 Buckling as a Multiscale Measure of Valve Formation -- 8.4.2 Valve Formation-Cytoplasmic Features and Buckling -- 8.4.3 Buckling: Microtubule Filaments and Bundles -- 8.4.4 Buckling: Actin Filament Ring -- 8.5 Geometrical and Biophysical Aspects of Buckling and Valve Formation -- 8.5.1 Buckling: Geometry of Valve Formation as a Multiscale Wave Front -- 8.5.2 Buckling: Valve Formation and Hamiltonian Biophysics -- 8.5.3 Buckling: Valve Formation and Deformation Gradients -- 8.5.4 Buckling: Multiscale Measurement With Respect to Valve Formation -- 8.5.5 Buckling: Krylov Methods and Association of Valve Surface Buckling With Microtubule and Actin Buckling -- 8.6 Methods -- 8.6.1 Constructing and Analyzing 3D Valve Surface and 2D Microtubule and Actin Filament Models -- 8.6.2 Krylov Methods: Associating Valve Surface With Microtubule and Actin Filament Buckling -- 8.7 Results -- 8.8 Conclusion -- References -- 9. Are Mantle Profiles of Circular Centric Diatoms a Measure of Buckling Forces During Valve Morphogenesis? -- 9.1 Introduction -- 9.2 Methods -- 9.2.1 Background: Circular Centric 2D Profiles and 3D Surfaces of Revolution -- 9.3 Results -- 9.3.1 Approximate Constant Profile Length Representing Approximate Same Sized Valves -- 9.3.2 Change in Profile Length Representing Size Reduction During Valve Morphogenesis -- 9.3.3 Are Profiles Measures of Buckling Forces During Valve Morphogenesis? -- 9.4 Discussion -- 9.4.1 Laminated Structures and Mantle Buckling Forces Affecting the Valve Profile -- 9.5 Conclusion -- Acknowledgement -- References -- Part 3: Physiology, Biochemistry and Applications.10 The Effect of the Silica Cell Wall on Diatom Transport and Metabolism*.Diatoms: Biology and Applications Ser.DiatomsMorphogenesisElectronic books.Diatoms.Morphogenesis.579.85Seckbach J(Joseph),Annenkov Vadim V.Gordon RichardMiAaPQMiAaPQMiAaPQBOOK9910555011303321Diatom morphogenesis2901123UNINA03348nam 2200625Ia 450 991077779130332120230617040639.00-19-773354-90-19-803960-397866123282681-282-32826-31-4294-2223-8(CKB)1000000000468284(SSID)ssj0000361667(PQKBManifestationID)12103977(PQKBTitleCode)TC0000361667(PQKBWorkID)10367145(PQKB)10977252(SSID)ssj0000179806(PQKBManifestationID)11923024(PQKBTitleCode)TC0000179806(PQKBWorkID)10139526(PQKB)11710371(Au-PeEL)EBL422901(CaPaEBR)ebr10263708(OCoLC)437109456(Au-PeEL)EBL2012810(OCoLC)958512428(MiAaPQ)EBC422901(EXLCZ)99100000000046828420040316d2004 uy 0engurcn|||||||||txtccrInside Putin's Russia[electronic resource] /Andrew JackNew York Oxford University Press2004xvi, 362 p. mapsIncludes index.0-19-517797-5 0-19-518909-4 In the Kremlin library -- Coming to terms -- The man from nowhere -- Prisoner of the Caucasus -- Shooting the messenger -- Autumn of the oligarchs -- The price of reform -- A bridge too far -- Towards liberal authoritarianism.International views of Russia have changed drastically in the last decade, due in part to the leadership of the decidedly pro-Western President Yeltsin. It was not without concern that we saw the next elected leader pulled from the ranks of the former KGB. Andrew Jack, former Moscow bureau chief for the Financial Times, uses in-depth research and years of journalistic experience to bring us the first full picture of Vladimir Putin. Jack describes how Putin grew to become the most powerful man in Russia, defying domestic and foreign expectations and presiding over a period of strong economic growth, significant restructuring, and rising international prestige. Despite criticism of his handling of the war in Chechnya and of the controls he introduced on parliament and the media, Putin has united Russian society and maintained extraordinarily high popularity. Inside Putin's Russia digs behind the rumors and speculation, illuminating Putin's character and the changing nature of the Russia he leads. It highlights some of the more troubling trends as he consolidates his leadership during a second presidential term marred by the Beslan tragedy, the attacks on Yukos and Russian policy towards Ukraine. Now with a new Epilogue by the author, this invaluable book offers important insights for anyone interested in the past, present, and future of Russia.Russia (Federation)History20th centuryRussia (Federation)Politics and government1991-947.086/092Jack Andrew1967-1038419MiAaPQMiAaPQMiAaPQBOOK9910777791303321Inside Putin's Russia3821281UNINA