04651 am 22007093u 450 991036989820332120200702114503.03-030-26114-X10.1007/978-3-030-26114-6(CKB)4100000009758960(OAPEN)1007155(MiAaPQ)EBC5975715(DE-He213)978-3-030-26114-6(Au-PeEL)EBL5975715(OCoLC)1135667337(EXLCZ)99410000000975896020191107d2020 u| 0enguuuuu---auuuutxtrdacontentcrdamediacrrdacarrierAgency and Causal Explanation in Economics[electronic resource] /edited by Peter Róna, László Zsolnai1st ed. 2020.Cham :Springer International Publishing :Imprint: Springer,2020.1 online resource (171) Virtues and Economics,2520-1794 ;53-030-26113-1 Preface -- Introduction -- Part I Theory -- Nadine Elzein: Free Will and Empirical Arguments for Epiphenomenalism -- Stephen Pratten: Causality, Agency and Change -- Jason Blakely: How Economics Becomes Ideology: The Uses and Abuses of Rational Choice Theory -- William Child: Economics, Agency, and Causal Explanation -- Part II Praxis -- Richard Conrad and Peter Hunter: Why Aquinas Would Agree That Human Economic Behaviour Is Largely Predictable -- Paul Clough: Agency, Time and Morality: An Argument from Social and Economic Anthropology -- Scott Meikle: The Switch from Agency to Causation in Marx -- Margaret S. Archer: Social Morphogenesis: Critical Realism’s Explanatory Approach -- Jonathan Price: Grotius’s Theological anthropology and modern contract doctrine.This open access book provides an exploration of the consequences of the ontological differences between natural and social objects (sometimes described as objects of nature and objects of thought) in the workings of causal and agency relationships. One of its important and possibly original conclusions is that causal and agency relationships do not encompass all of the dependent relationships encountered in social life. The idea that social reality is contingent has been known (and largely undisputed) at least since Wittgenstein’s “On Certainty”, but social science, and most notably economics has continued to operate on the basis of causal and agency theories borrowed or adapted from the natural sciences. This volume contains essays that retain and justify the partial or qualified use of this approach and essays that totally reject any use of causal and agency theory built on determined facts (closed systems).The rejection is based on the possibly original claim that, whereas causation in the objects of the natural sciences reside in their properties, human action is a matter of intentionality. It engages with critical realist theory and re-examines the role of free will in theories of human action in general and economic theory in particular.Virtues and Economics,2520-1794 ;5OntologyEconomic historyEthnologyPhilosophy and social sciencesSociologyOntologyhttps://scigraph.springernature.com/ontologies/product-market-codes/E22000History of Economic Thought/Methodologyhttps://scigraph.springernature.com/ontologies/product-market-codes/W28000Social Anthropologyhttps://scigraph.springernature.com/ontologies/product-market-codes/X12030Philosophy of the Social Scienceshttps://scigraph.springernature.com/ontologies/product-market-codes/E36000Sociological Theoryhttps://scigraph.springernature.com/ontologies/product-market-codes/X22060Electronic books.Ontology.Economic history.Ethnology.Philosophy and social sciences.Sociology.Ontology.History of Economic Thought/Methodology.Social Anthropology.Philosophy of the Social Sciences.Sociological Theory.111Róna Peteredthttp://id.loc.gov/vocabulary/relators/edtZsolnai Lászlóedthttp://id.loc.gov/vocabulary/relators/edtMiAaPQMiAaPQMiAaPQBOOK9910369898203321Agency and Causal Explanation in Economics2034871UNINA01691nam 22004573 450 991016317800332120230803214502.01-78289-722-4(CKB)3710000001046313(MiAaPQ)EBC5626023(Au-PeEL)EBL5626023(CaPaEBR)ebr11642271(OCoLC)1081000256(EXLCZ)99371000000104631320210901d2014 uy 0engurcnu||||||||txtrdacontentcrdamediacrrdacarrierBurma CampaignsChicago :Tannenberg Publishing,2014.©2014.1 online resource (31 pages)Intro -- TABLE OF CONTENTS -- ABSTRACT -- INTRODUCTION -- BACKGROUND -- BURMA -- ALLIED STRATEGY -- THE FIRST ARAKAN CAMPAIGN -- OPERATION LONGCLOTH -- JAPANESE PLANS FOR THE INVASION OF INDIA -- THE SECOND ARAKAN CAMPAIGN -- THE NORTH BURMA CAMPAIGN -- THE SECOND WINGATE EXPEDITION -- THE SIEGE OF IMPHAL -- ALLIED RE-CONQUEST OF BURMA -- CONCLUSION -- LESSONS LEARNED -- Strategic -- Operational -- Tactical -- SUMMARY -- REQUEST FROM THE PUBLISHER -- BIBLIOGRAPHY.Burma CampaignsMilitary campaignsCommunications, MilitaryLogisticsMilitary campaigns.Communications, Military.Logistics.940.54250000000002Frey Lieutenant Colonel Kurt M1378451MiAaPQMiAaPQMiAaPQBOOK9910163178003321Burma Campaigns3416935UNINA06750nam 22007335 450 991073483340332120230714014007.03-031-31570-710.1007/978-3-031-31570-1(CKB)27588190300041(DE-He213)978-3-031-31570-1(MiAaPQ)EBC30645966(Au-PeEL)EBL30645966(PPN)272256382(EXLCZ)992758819030004120230713d2023 u| 0engurnn|008mamaatxtrdacontentcrdamediacrrdacarrierAlzheimer’s Disease Research What Has Guided Research So Far and Why It Is High Time for a Paradigm Shift /by Christian Behl1st ed. 2023.Cham :Springer International Publishing :Imprint: Springer,2023.1 online resource (XXV, 652 p. 116 illus., 107 illus. in color.) 9783031315695 Chapter 1. Introduction -- Chapter 2. The Psychiatrist and Pathologist Aloysius Alzheimer and His Seminal Findings -- Chapter 3. Alzheimer’s Disease Research After 1945: The Recommencement -- Chapter 4. Alzheimer’s Research Goes Deeper – Ultrastructural Electron Microscopy Studies -- Chapter 5. Focus on Neurochemistry Led to the Cholinergic Hypothesis of Alzheimer’s Disease -- Chapter 6. The Glutamatergic-Hypothesis of Alzheimer’s Disease -- Chapter 7. Biochemistry and Genetics Points Out a Prime Suspect for Causing Alzheimer’s Disease -- Chapter 8. Getting to the Bottom of It: Amyloid Beta Peptide Is Derived from a Larger Precursor -- Chapter 9. Step by Step Towards an Amyloid Beta Peptide-Based Hypothesis of Alzheimer’s Disease -- Chapter 10. Concerns about the Amyloid Cascade Hypothesis and Reappraisals -- Chapter 11. Ignorance or Conspiracy? Or Just an Amyloid Firewall that Blocks Alternative Ideas? -- Chapter 12. In the Slip Stream of Amyloid: The Tau and Tangle Hypothesis -- Chapter 13. Focus on Tauopathies and Beyond -- Chapter 14. Alzheimer’s Research Gains Momentum and Spreads Out -- Chapter 15. The Amyloid Cascade Hypothesis Has to Deliver, Finally -- Chapter 16. Beyond APP, PSEN1, PSEN2, and APOE: What Else Does the Genome Tell Us? Chapter 17. Alternative Hypotheses and Observations that were Somehow Lost on the Way -- Chapter 18. Is the Persistence of the Amyloid Cascade Hypothesis a Result of Constant Confirmation Bias? -- Chapter 19. Driving Forces of Alzheimer’s Research Directions -- Chapter 20. Thirty Years after the Launch of the Amyloid Cascade Hypothesis: Is There a Shift of Gears at Last? -- Chapter 21. "If You Change the Way You Look at Things, Things You Look at Change".This book highlights the key phases and central findings of Alzheimer’s Disease research since the introduction of the label ‘Alzheimer’s Disease’ in 1910. The author, Christian Behl, puts dementia research in the context of the respective zeitgeist and summarizes the paths that have led to the currently available Alzheimer’s drugs. As the reader is taken through the major developments in Alzheimer's Disease research, particularly over the past thirty years, Behl poses critical questions: Why are the exact causes of Alzheimer's Disease still in the dark, despite all the immense, worldwide research efforts in academia as well as in the pharmaceutical industry? Why has the majority of an entire research field kept focusing on a single hypothesis that establishes the deposition of the amyloid beta peptide in the brain as the key trigger of Alzheimer's pathology, even though this concept has still not been convincingly proven in the clinics? Are there other hypotheses that might explain the pathogenesis of this complex brain disease, and if so, why were these perspectives not adequately followed? In this book, Behl tries to answer these questions. Starting with the historical background, the author illustrates the long and arduous research journey, its numerous setbacks, and the many alternative explanations for the disease, which have started gaining increasing attention and acceptance in the Alzheimer’s research community only more recently. With his deep dive into the history and progression of this research, including the most recent developments, Behl explains why he believes that it is high time to promote a paradigm shift in Alzheimer’s Disease research. The book is written for all researchers in the fields of neurobiology and neurodegeneration, as well as other biomedical fields, who would like to gain a broad and beyond the surface insight into (the key developments of) one of the most promoted research fields of our time. With its extensive literature references and over 100 illustrations, the book is also attractive for students and interested lay persons. Elaborating on all the different aspects and research approaches of this research field, the author aims to convince the reader that the underlying causes of Alzheimer’s Disease may be much more complex than previously thought and that this must be considered for future research directions. While he hopes that the Alzheimer’s research community is finally ready to shed its ‘amyloid-straitjacket’ that has hampered progress for too long, he is also convinced that a much-needed paradigm shift can guide future Alzheimer’s Disease research and provide a new and broader perspective on this age-dependent brain disease.NeurosciencesNeurologyNervous system—DiseasesCognitive neuroscienceNeurophysiologyLearning—Physiological aspectsMemory—Physiological aspectsNeuroscienceNeurologyNeurological DisordersCognitive NeuroscienceNeurophysiologyLearning and MemoryNeurosciences.Neurology.Nervous system—Diseases.Cognitive neuroscience.Neurophysiology.Learning—Physiological aspects.Memory—Physiological aspects.Neuroscience.Neurology.Neurological Disorders.Cognitive Neuroscience.Neurophysiology.Learning and Memory.612.8616.83110072Behl Christianauthttp://id.loc.gov/vocabulary/relators/aut1058337MiAaPQMiAaPQMiAaPQBOOK9910734833403321Alzheimer’s Disease Research3566439UNINA