01524nam 2200421 450 991070983180332120180807082055.0(CKB)5470000002473940(OCoLC)1047959770(EXLCZ)99547000000247394020180807d2014 ua 0engur|||||||||||txtrdacontentcrdamediacrrdacarrierChanges in areas with concentrated poverty: 2000 to 2010 /by Alemayehu Bishaw[Washington, D.C.] :U.S. Department of Commerce, Economics and Statistics Administration, U.S. Census Bureau,2014.1 online resource (27 pages) color illustrations, color mapsAmerican Community Survey reports ;ACS-27"Issued June 2014."Includes bibliographical references.Changes in areas with concentrated povertyPovertyUnited StatesStatesStatisticsPoorUnited StatesStatesStatisticsUnited StatesEconomic conditions21st centuryStatisticsStatistics.lcgftPovertyStatesPoorStatesBishaw Alemayehu1383649U.S. Census Bureau,American Community Survey (U.S.)GPOGPOBOOK9910709831803321Changes in areas with concentrated poverty: 2000 to 20103501224UNINA05923oam 22013334 450 991097018540332120250426110848.097866128419279781462345700146234570097814527712741452771278978128284192512828419209781451870992145187099X(CKB)3170000000055138(EBL)1608053(SSID)ssj0000944139(PQKBManifestationID)11559075(PQKBTitleCode)TC0000944139(PQKBWorkID)11000829(PQKB)11260447(OCoLC)460601526(MiAaPQ)EBC1608053(IMF)WPIEE2008241(IMF)WPIEA2008241WPIEA2008241(EXLCZ)99317000000005513820020129d2008 uf 0engur|n|---|||||txtccrHousehold Income As A Determinant of Child Labor and School Enrollment in Brazil : Evidence From A Social Security Reform /Irineu de Carvalho Filho1st ed.Washington, D.C. :International Monetary Fund,2008.1 online resource (38 p.)IMF Working PapersIMF working paper ;WP/08/241Description based upon print version of record.9781451915525 1451915527 Contents; I. Introduction; II. Background information about child labor in Brazil; III. Description of the Social Security reform; IV. Data; V. Empirical strategy; A. The Determinants of Children's Schooling and Labor; VI. Results; A. First Stage Estimates; B. Reduced Form Estimates; C. Counterfactual Analysis; D. Structural Estimates; E. Assessing the robustness of the estimates; VII. Causal Effects or Selection Bias?; VIII. Conclusions; References; Tables; 1. The Work-School Enrollment Statistics of Children 10-14; 2. Means: Boys; Means: Girls; 3. First Stage Regressions4. Reduced Form Estimates5. Panel 1. Actual and Counterfactual Values fo Treated Group, after the Reform; 6. Estimates of the Effect of Monthly Benefits. Coefficient is the Estimated Effect of 100 in Social Security Income; 7. Instrumental Variables Estimates of the Effect of Benefits for Different Subsamples; 8. Reduced Form Estimates. Has the Reform Changed the Percentage of Elderly Coresiding with Children 10 to 14?; Figures; 1. Child Work in Brazil: 1981-1998; 2. School Enrollment in Brazil: 1981-1998This paper studies the effects of household income on labor participation and school enrollment of children aged 10 to 14 in Brazil using a social security reform as a source of exogenous variation in household income. Estimates imply that the gap between actual and full school enrollment was reduced by 20 percent for girls living in the same household as an elderly benefiting from the reform. Girls' labor participation rates reduced with increased benefit income, but only when benefits were received by a female elderly. Effects on boys' enrollment rates and labor participation were in general smaller and statistically insignificant.IMF Working Papers; Working Paper ;No. 2008/241IncomeBrazilEconometric modelsChild laborBrazilEconometric modelsSocial securityBrazilEconometric modelsSchool enrollmentBrazilEconometric modelsAgingimfDemographyimfEconomics of GenderimfEconomics of the ElderlyimfEconomics of the HandicappedimfEducationimfEducation: GeneralimfGender studiesimfIncome economicsimfIncomeimfLabor economicsimfLabor Economics: GeneralimfLaborimfLabourimfMacroeconomicsimfNon-labor DiscriminationimfNon-labor Market DiscriminationimfPersonal incomeimfPersonal Income, Wealth, and Their DistributionsimfPopulation & demographyimfPopulation agingimfWomen & girlsimfWomenimfWomen's StudiesimfBrazilEconomic conditions1985-Econometric modelsBrazilSocial conditions1985-BrazilimfIncomeEconometric models.Child laborEconometric models.Social securityEconometric models.School enrollmentEconometric models.AgingDemographyEconomics of GenderEconomics of the ElderlyEconomics of the HandicappedEducationEducation: GeneralGender studiesIncome economicsIncomeLabor economicsLabor Economics: GeneralLaborLabourMacroeconomicsNon-labor DiscriminationNon-labor Market DiscriminationPersonal incomePersonal Income, Wealth, and Their DistributionsPopulation & demographyPopulation agingWomen & girlsWomenWomen's Studies339.2de Carvalho Filho Irineu1815919DcWaIMFBOOK9910970185403321Household Income As A Determinant of Child Labor and School Enrollment in Brazil4371541UNINA