11119nam 2200469 450 991063109930332120230402112157.03-031-06401-1(MiAaPQ)EBC7143325(Au-PeEL)EBL7143325(CKB)25360953400041(EXLCZ)992536095340004120230402d2022 uy 0engurcnu||||||||txtrdacontentcrdamediacrrdacarrierConstitutional resilience and the COVID-19 pandemic perspectives from Sub-Saharan Africa /edited by Ebenezer Durojaye, Derek M. PowellCham, Switzerland :Palgrave Macmillan,[2022]©20221 online resource (411 pages)Print version: Durojaye, Ebenezer Constitutional Resilience and the COVID-19 Pandemic Cham : Springer International Publishing AG,c2023 9783031064005 Includes bibliographical references and index.Intro -- Preface -- Acknowledgements -- Contents -- Notes on Contributors -- List of Figures -- Chapter 1: Constitutional Resilience and the Covid-19 Pandemic -- 1 Constitutional Government in the First Year of the Pandemic (2020-2021)? -- 1.1 The First Year of the Pandemic (March 2020-March 2021) -- 1.2 The Legal Framework Governing the International Public Health Crisis -- 1.3 The Foundations of Constitutional Government -- 1.4 The Objectives and Approach of the Book -- 1.5 Comparative Constitutional Law in an International Public Health Emergency -- 1.6 Overview of the Sections in This Chapter -- 2 The Legal Framework for a Public Health Emergency -- 2.1 Declaration of an International Public Health Emergency -- 2.2 Declaration of a Public Emergency Under International Law -- 2.3 The Siracusa Principles -- 2.4 Trends in National Law and Practice -- 2.5 Perspectives from Countries in Sub-Saharan Africa -- 3 Executive Government -- 3.1 General Increase and Transformation of Executive Power -- 3.2 Perspectives from Sub-Saharan Africa -- 4 The Legislature -- 4.1 Limitation and Adaption of the Legislative Function -- 4.2 Perspectives from Countries in Sub-Saharan Africa -- 5 The Judiciary -- 5.1 Judicial Review -- 5.2 Access to Justice -- 5.3 Perspectives from Sub-Saharan Countries -- 6 Public Health Measures and the Limitation of Fundamental Rights -- 6.1 WHO Guidance on Public Health Measures and Human Rights -- 6.2 Guidance on the Limitation of International Human Rights -- 6.3 Public Health Measures and the Limitation of Human Rights -- 6.4 Perspectives from Countries in Sub-Saharan Africa -- 7 Overview of Chapters -- Bibliography -- Chapter 2: International Human Rights Norms and Standards on Derogation and Limitation of Rights During a Public Emergency -- 1 Introduction -- 2 The History of Emergency Powers and Derogation Clauses.3 The Siracusa Principles and General Comment Nos. 27 and 34 -- 3.1 The Siracusa Principles -- 3.2 General Comment No. 34 on Article 19 -- 3.3 General Comment No. 27 on Article 12 -- 4 Limitation of Rights Under the Inter-American Human Rights System -- 4.1 The American Convention of Human Rights -- 4.2 The Inter-American Commission on Human Rights -- 5 Limitation of Rights Under the European Convention -- 6 Limitation of Rights Under the African Human Rights System -- 7 Conclusion -- Bibliography -- Chapter 3: Addressing Covid-19: A Test of Kenya's Constitutional and Democratic Resilience -- 1 Introduction: An Overview of the Pandemic in Kenya -- 2 The Constitution and Emergency Powers -- 3 Governmental Measures in Response to the Pandemic -- 4 The Impact on Rights -- 4.1 Impact on Socio-Economic Rights -- 4.1.1 The Right to the Highest Attainable Standards of Health -- 4.1.2 The Impact on Education -- 4.1.3 The Right to Social Security and the Protection of Vulnerable Populations -- 4.2 Impact on Civil and Political Rights -- 4.2.1 Curfew Orders -- 4.2.2 Unprocedural Quarantine Processing -- 4.2.3 Excessive Use of Force by Police -- 4.2.4 Media Freedom and the Right to Information -- 5 The Impact on the Legislature -- 6 The Impact on the Judiciary -- 7 Vaccines and the Rule of Law -- 8 Analysis of Constitutional Resilience or Fragility -- Bibliography -- Chapter 4: Covid-19 and Zambia's Constitutional Dilemma -- 1 Introduction: An Overview of the Pandemic in Zambia -- 2 The Constitution and Emergency Powers -- 3 Governmental Measures in Response to the Pandemic -- 3.1 Measures Introduced -- 3.2 Legal Basis for Measures -- 4 The Role of Parliament -- 5 Impact on Human Rights -- 5.1 Right to Liberty -- 5.2 Freedom from Inhuman Treatment -- 5.3 Right to Privacy -- 5.4 Freedom of Expression -- 5.5 Freedom of Assembly and Non-discrimination.5.6 Freedom of Movement -- 6 The Role of the Courts -- 7 Analysis of Constitutional Resilience or Fragility -- 7.1 Constitutional and Law-Based Executive Response -- 7.2 Parliamentary and Judicial Oversight -- 7.3 Economic, Social, and Cultural Rights -- Bibliography -- Chapter 5: Constitutional Resilience and Limitation of Rights Under Covid-19 Response in South Sudan -- 1 Introduction: Overview of the Covid-19 Pandemic in South Sudan -- 2 Legal and Constitutional Frameworks on Emergency Powers -- 3 Governmental Measures in Response to Covid-19 -- 3.1 Implications for Fundamental Rights and Freedoms -- 3.1.1 The Measures' Impact on Civil and Political Rights -- 3.1.2 The Measures' Impact on Socio-economic Rights -- 3.2 Safeguards Against Arbitrary Derogation and Abuse -- 3.2.1 Restriction on Derogation of Rights During State of Emergency -- 3.2.2 Institutional Protection and Oversight Functions -- 4 Analysis of Constitutional Resilience or Fragility -- 5 Conclusion -- Bibliography -- Chapter 6: The Covid-19 Pandemic and Constitutional Resilience in The Gambia -- 1 Introduction: Overview of the Pandemic in The Gambia -- 2 The 1997 Constitution and Emergency Powers -- 3 Governmental Response to Covid-19 -- 4 The Role of the National Assembly -- 5 The Role of the Courts During the Pandemic -- 6 Impact of the Pandemic on Human Rights -- 6.1 Liberty and Freedom of Movement -- 6.2 Freedom of Assembly -- 6.3 Freedom of Religion -- 6.4 Socio-economic Rights -- 7 Analysis of Constitutional Resilience or Fragility -- Bibliography -- Chapter 7: Walking a Tightrope: Balancing Human Rights and Public Health Measures During the Covid-19 Pandemic in Nigeria -- 1 Introduction: An Overview of the Pandemic in Nigeria -- 2 The Constitution and Emergency Powers -- 3 Governmental Measures in Response to the Pandemic.3.1 Scientific Data Informing the Government's Response -- 4 The Role of Parliament -- 5 Impact on Human Rights -- 6 The Role of the Courts -- 7 Analysis of Constitutional Resilience or Fragility -- Bibliography -- Chapter 8: The Constitutionality of Legal Measures Taken by the Government of Mauritius in the Context of the Covid-19 Pandemic -- 1 Introduction: An Overview of the Pandemic in Mauritius -- 2 The Constitution of Mauritius and Emergency Powers -- 3 Governmental Response to the Pandemic -- 3.1 Lockdown and Curfews -- 3.2 Issues Pertaining to Vaccination -- 3.3 Economic Measures in Relation to Employment -- 4 The Role of Parliament -- 5 Impact on Rights -- 6 The Role of Courts -- 7 Analysis of Constitutional Resilience or Fragility -- Bibliography -- Chapter 9: Constitutional and Human Rights Issues Arising from Covid-19: Uganda's Youth in Context -- 1 Introduction: An Overview of the Pandemic in Uganda -- 1.1 A Contextualisation of the Youth -- 2 Constitutional and Emergency Powers -- 3 The Governmental Response to Covid-19 -- 3.1 The Use of Data and Technology -- 4 The Role of Parliament -- 5 The Impact on Fundamental Rights -- 5.1 Impact on Civil and Political Rights -- 5.2 Impact on Socio-economic Rights -- 6 The Role of Courts -- 7 Analysis of Constitutional Resilience or Fragility -- 7.1 Limitation of Rights -- 7.2 Right to Food -- 7.3 Right to a Fair Trial -- 7.4 Multilateral and Civil Society Response -- Bibliography -- Chapter 10: The (Il)Legality of Ghana's Covid-19 Emergency Response: A Commentary -- 1 Introduction: An Overview of the Pandemic in Ghana -- 2 The Constitution and Emergency Powers -- 2.1 The Constitution -- 2.2 The Emergency Powers Act -- 2.3 The Public Health Act -- 3 Government Measures in Response to the Pandemic -- 4 The Role of Parliament -- 5 Impact on Rights.5.1 Permanent Exercise of State of Emergency Powers -- 5.2 Unlimited Grounds for Imposition of Lockdown -- 5.3 Contact Tracing and Surveillance -- 5.4 Unchecked Powers of the President -- 5.5 The Retroactive Effect of the IRA -- 6 The Role of Courts -- 7 Analysis of Constitutional Resilience or Fragility -- 8 Conclusion -- Bibliography -- Chapter 11: Constitutional and Human Rights Issues Arising from Covid-19 in South Africa -- 1 Introduction: Overview of the Pandemic in South Africa -- 2 The Constitution and Emergency Powers -- 2.1 State of Emergency and Disaster Management -- 2.2 Bill of Rights -- 2.3 Limitation Clause -- 3 Governmental Measures in Response to the Pandemic -- 3.1 Declaration of a National Disaster -- 3.2 National Command Council and Advisory Committee -- 3.3 Emergence Regulations and Directives -- 3.4 Public Health Measures -- 3.5 Track-and-Trace Technology -- 4 The Role of Parliament -- 4.1 Impact on Parliament -- 4.2 Role in Authorising Emergency -- 4.3 Oversight -- 5 Impact on Rights -- 6 The Role of Courts -- 6.1 Rationality -- 6.2 Position of the National Command Council -- 6.3 Procedural Rationality -- 6.4 Proportionality -- 7 Analysis of Constitutional Resilience or Fragility -- 7.1 Increase in Gender-Based Violence -- 7.2 Heightened Challenges in Informal Settlements -- 7.3 Exacerbation of the Housing Crisis -- 7.4 Limited Access to Healthcare Services -- 7.5 Police and Military Brutality -- 7.6 Corruption -- 7.7 Effects on the Business Sector -- 7.8 Implementation of Government Palliatives -- 7.9 Recent Developments: Vaccinations -- 8 Conclusion -- Bibliography -- Chapter 12: Zimbabwe's Response to Covid-19 and Its Socio-economic Impact -- 1 Introduction: An Overview of the Pandemic in Zimbabwe -- 2 Constitutional Framework, Emergency Powers and System of Government -- 3 Governmental Measures in Response to the Pandemic.3.1 The Constitutionality of Zimbabwe's Socio-Economic Measures.COVID-19 (Disease)COVID-19 (Disease)929.605Durojaye EbenezerPowell Derek M.MiAaPQMiAaPQMiAaPQBOOK9910631099303321Constitutional Resilience and the COVID-19 Pandemic2966316UNINA