04637nam 2200565 450 991058333490332120201211215432.00-12-802990-00-12-802973-0(CKB)3710000000848862(EBL)4689270(MiAaPQ)EBC4689270(PPN)197276687(EXLCZ)99371000000084886220161005h20162016 uy| 0engur|n|---|||||rdacontentrdamediardacarrierNeuroepidemiology /volume editors Caterina Rosano, M. Arfan Ikram, and Mary GanguliAmsterdam :Elsevier,[2016]©20161 online resource (352 p.)Handbook of clinical neurology ;3rd series, volume 138Description based upon print version of record.Includes bibliographical references and index.Front Cover; Neuroepidemiology; Copyright; Handbook of Clinical Neurology 3rd Series; Foreword; Preface; Contributors; Contents; Section 1: Principles and foundations of epidemiology and neurology research; Chapter 1: Epidemiology for the clinical neurologist; What is epidemiology?; Uses of epidemiology; Making a community diagnosis; Measurement of disease in populations: prevalence vs. incidence; Prevalence; Incidence; What is the relationship between prevalence and incidence?; Incidence; Prevalence; Mortality; Completing the clinical picture; The importance of sampling; Random samplingSample sizep-value; Power; Effect size; Making inferences from the sample to the population; Normal distribution and confidence limits; Identifying causal/risk factors; Observational studies; Descriptive studies; Ecologic studies; Cross-sectional studies; Case-control studies; Cohort studies; Nested case-control studies; Experimental studies; Randomized controlled trials; Field trials; Community trials; Measures of association; Odds ratio; Relative risk or risk ratio; Timing and duration of exposure; Sources of error in epidemiologic studies; Bias; Selection bias; Information/measurement biasConfoundingEstablishing causality in epidemiologic studies; Computing individual risk; Screening tests; Charting historic trends; Cohort effects; Delineating new syndromes; Evaluating health services; Misuses of epidemiology; Summary; References; Chapter 2: Population neuroscience; Genes and gene regulation; Physical and social environment; Geographic Information Systems; Aggregate data; Cohort member; Brain structure and function; Brain structure; T1-weighted images; Diffusion tensor imaging; Magnetic transfer imaging; Brain function; Reproducibility; InterpretationDirectionality of structure-function relationshipsFunctional and structural connectivity; Future directions; Conclusions; Acknowledgments; References; Chapter 3: Advanced epidemiologic and analytical methods; Introduction; Relevance of critical appraisal in observational epidemiology; Relevance of critical appraisal in analytic epidemiology; The scopes of neuroepidemiology; Life-course epidemiology; Definitions and key concepts; Main purpose(s); Causal pathways; Timing; Explanatory mechanisms; Methods in life-course epidemiology; Study designs and type of data needed; Formulating hypothesisSteps of statistical analysis in life-course epidemiologyFurther examples of sources of errors and bias in epidemiologic studies; Two-phase designs; Use of medical records to ascertain outcome status and information/measurement bias; Competing risks and informative censoring; Mediation; References; Chapter 4: Basics of neuroanatomy and neurophysiology; Cellular structure and function; Neurons; Neurotransmission; Neurotransmitters; Glia; Brain structure; Gray matter and white matter; White-matter lesions; Functional systems; Sensory systems: visual, auditory, chemosensory, somatic systemsVisual systemHandbook of clinical neurology ;3rd se., v. 138.Nervous systemDiseasesEpidemiologyNervous System DiseasesepidemiologyEpidemiologic MethodsNervous systemDiseasesEpidemiology.Nervous System Diseasesepidemiology.Epidemiologic Methods.Rosano CaterinaIkram M. ArfanGanguli MaryMiAaPQMiAaPQMiAaPQBOOK9910583334903321Neuroepidemiology2062543UNINA