07722nam 2202461z- 450 991055758050332120220111(CKB)5400000000043844(oapen)https://directory.doabooks.org/handle/20.500.12854/76487(oapen)doab76487(EXLCZ)99540000000004384420202201d2021 |y 0engurmn|---annantxtrdacontentcrdamediacrrdacarrierProcess Modeling in Pyrometallurgical EngineeringBasel, SwitzerlandMDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute20211 online resource (642 p.)3-0365-0654-3 3-0365-0655-1 The Special Issue presents almost 40 papers on recent research in modeling of pyrometallurgical systems, including physical models, first-principles models, detailed CFD and DEM models as well as statistical models or models based on machine learning. The models cover the whole production chain from raw materials processing through the reduction and conversion unit processes to ladle treatment, casting, and rolling. The papers illustrate how models can be used for shedding light on complex and inaccessible processes characterized by high temperatures and hostile environment, in order to improve process performance, product quality, or yield and to reduce the requirements of virgin raw materials and to suppress harmful emissions.Technology: general issuesbicssc3D molecular modeladaptive finite differencesanalysis toolangle of reposeapparent activation energyarrhenius equationarsenatearsenic recoveryarsenic removalarsenopyriteartificial intelligencebasic oxygen furnacebiomassblast furnaceblast furnace hearthBOS reactorbubble motionburden distributionburden layer structureburden pile widthC-H2 smelting reduction furnacecarbon solution lossCFDCFD-DEMcharcoal combustion ratecharging systemcoalescencecokecoke bedcoke combustion ratecombustioncomputational fluid dynamicscomputational fluid dynamics (CFD)conjugate heat transfercoordination numbercopper smeltercopper smeltingCOREXCOREX melter gasifiercoupling effectCr2O3crystal sizedead mandecarburizationDEMdimensional analysisDiscrete Element Methoddiscrete event simulationdouble impingement feeding systemdouble-row side nozzlesdrainagedual gas injectiondust ashdynamic modelEAFelectric arc furnaceElectric Arc Furnaceelectrical energy consumptionentrainmentEulerian multiphase flowfault detection and identificationflat rollingflat-rolled wireflow behaviorflow patternfuel injectionfunneling flowgas flowgated recurrent unitgenetic algorithmGPRhearthhearth drainageheating timehorizontal single belt casting process (HSBC)hot rollinghot rolling planningIndustry 4.0interfacial phenomenaion-molecule coexistence theoryiron and slag flowiron ore sintering processironmaking blast furnacekinetic modelsLF refining slagsLignitelining wearliquid ironmachine learningmacroscopic shear bandsmain troughmass transfer coefficientmathematical modelmathematical modelingmatte-slag chemistrymechanismmicrowave and ultrasound modificationmixed chargingmixing timemolten slagmonomer blended fuelmoving pathmultiple linear regressionn/anatural gasneural networknickel-based alloynickel-copper smelternormal pressurenumerical modelnumerical simulationoxygen bottom blownoxygen consumptionparticle flowpatternPCAPeirce-smith convertingpellet pilephysical modelingporosity distributionprediction modelprocess modelprocessing mapsquasi-particlequasi-particle fuelquasi-particle structureraceway evolutionraceway sizeraceway zoneradar dataradiometric sensorsRAFTrefractoryroastingroll designscrap meltingsecondary refiningsegregation modelssettlingshape rollingShuikoushan processsimulationSKSslag entrapmentslag eyesolidificationSPHspinelstainless steel slagstatistical modelingsteel refiningsteelmakingstrain inhomogeneitystructural characterizationstructural simulationsupersonic coherent jetsupport vector data descriptiontapholestemperature distributionthermodynamic modeltime sequence predictionTiN inclusiontire cord steeltitanium distribution ratioTOU electricity pricingtransient fluid of hot metal and molten slagtrickle flowvalidationwall shear stresswater modelwire rodTechnology: general issuesSaxen Henrikedt1303465Ramírez-Argáez MarcoedtConejo AlbertoedtDutta AbhishekedtSaxen HenrikothRamírez-Argáez MarcoothConejo AlbertoothDutta AbhishekothBOOK9910557580503321Process Modeling in Pyrometallurgical Engineering3027078UNINA