05127nam 2200973 450 991055422000332120220616000620.00-691-21779-310.1515/9780691217796(CKB)4100000011787299(OCoLC)1221015294(MdBmJHUP)muse93380(DE-B1597)576334(DE-B1597)9780691217796(MiAaPQ)EBC6519033(Au-PeEL)EBL6519033(PPN)256290431(EXLCZ)99410000001178729920211010h20212021 uy 0engur|||||||nn|ntxtrdacontentcrdamediacrrdacarrierTrading at the speed of light how ultrafast algorithms are transforming financial markets /Donald MacKenziePrinceton :Princeton University Press,[2021]©20211 online resource (xii, 282 pages) illustrations0-691-21138-8 Includes bibliographical references and index.Cover -- Contents -- List of Illustrations -- Acknowledgments -- 1. Introduction -- 2. To the Towers -- 3. "We'll show you our book. Why won't they?" -- 4. Dealers, Clients, and the Politics of Market Structure -- 5. "Not only would I lose my job, I might lose my legs too!" -- 6. How HFT Algorithms Interact, and How Exchanges Seek to Influence It -- 7. Conclusion -- Appendix: A Note on the Literature on HFT -- Notes -- References -- Index"Trading at the Speed of Light tells the story of how many of our most important financial markets have transformed from physical trading floors on which human beings trade face-to-face, into electronic systems within which computer algorithms trade with each other. Tracing the emergence of ultrafast, automated, high-frequency trading (HFT) since the early 2000s, Donald MacKenzie draws particular attention to the importance of what he deems the 'material political economy' of twenty-first century finance. Fast transmission of price data used to involve fibre-optic cables, but the strands in such cables are made of materials (usually a specialised form of glass) which slow light down to around two-thirds of its speed in free space. By contrast, microwave and other wireless signals used in HFT travel through the atmosphere at nearly full light speed. At these nanosecond speeds, the physical nature of information transmission and the precise spatial location of the equipment involved become hugely important, thus creating inevitable pinch points in the system. MacKenzie details the ways in which these pinch points - individual frequency bands, specific locations on the roofs of computer data centres, and particular sites for microwave towers - are especially advantageous, making it possible for those who control them to profit from that control. The book draws from over 300 interviews conducted with high-frequency traders around the world, the people who supply them with technological systems and communication links, exchange staff and regulators, as well as with others who function within markets that have not yet become dominated by HFT. MacKenzie focuses most closely upon the four main sites of international HFT - Chicago, New York, Amsterdam, and London - and examines both the technology and the politics underpinning modern financial markets"--Provided by publisher.InvestmentsData processingProgram trading (Securities)AlgorithmsStock exchangesFinanceAlexandre Laumonier.Automated Trading Desk.BrokerTec.CME.Chicago Mercantile Exchange.Dark Pools.E-Mini.EBS.Flash Boys.Juan Pablo Pardo-Guerra.Michael Durbin.Michael Gorham.Michael Lewis.Nidhi Singh.Scott Patterson.eSpeed.electronic order books.financial trading.foreign exchange.futures.geodesic.liquidity taking.market making.material political economy.materiality.political economy.science and technology studies.share trading venue.shares.social studies of finance.sociology of finance.sovereign bonds.speed bumps.InvestmentsData processing.Program trading (Securities)Algorithms.Stock exchanges.Finance.332.60285416MacKenzie Donald A.464054MiAaPQMiAaPQMiAaPQBOOK9910554220003321Trading at the speed of light2818759UNINA06516nam 2201669z- 450 991055750940332120210501(CKB)5400000000044462(oapen)https://directory.doabooks.org/handle/20.500.12854/68945(oapen)doab68945(EXLCZ)99540000000004446220202105d2020 |y 0engurmn|---annantxtrdacontentcrdamediacrrdacarrierFunctionally Relevant Macromolecular Interactions of Disordered ProteinsBasel, SwitzerlandMDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute20201 online resource (520 p.)3-03936-521-5 3-03936-522-3 Disordered proteins are relatively recent newcomers in protein science. They were first described in detail by Wright and Dyson, in their J. Mol. Biol. paper in 1999. First, it was generally thought for more than a decade that disordered proteins or disordered parts of proteins have different amino acid compositions than folded proteins, and various prediction methods were developed based on this principle. These methods were suitable for distinguishing between the disordered (unstructured) and structured proteins known at that time. In addition, they could predict the site where a folded protein binds to the disordered part of a protein, shaping the latter into a well-defined 3D structure. Recently, however, evidence has emerged for a new type of disordered protein family whose members can undergo coupled folding and binding without the involvement of any folded proteins. Instead, they interact with each other, stabilizing their structure via "mutual synergistic folding" and, surprisingly, they exhibit the same residue composition as the folded protein. Increasingly more examples have been found where disordered proteins interact with non-protein macromolecules, adding to the already large variety of protein-protein interactions. There is also a very new phenomenon when proteins are involved in phase separation, which can represent a weak but functionally important macromolecular interaction. These phenomena are presented and discussed in the chapters of this book.Biology, life sciencesbicsscResearch and information: generalbicsscaggregationCABS modelco-evolutioncoarse-grainedconformational plasticitycopper bindingcorrelated mutationsdecision tree based artificial neural networkdehydrondifferentially regulated genesdisorder-to-order regionsdisordered proteindisordered protein platformDNA conformational landscapeDNA-protein interactionsdrug discoverydrugsdual thresholdeIF4Eepiproteomeevolutionevolutionary couplingsextracellularFG-Nupsfluorescence anisotropyfoldingfunctional analysisgene ontology analysishistone lysine methyltransferasehomodimerHOTAIRhydrationhydrogen bondimmuneinter-subunit interactioninteraction surfaceintrinsic disorderintrinsic disorder predictionintrinsically disorder proteinsintrinsically disorderedintrinsically disordered proteinintrinsically disordered proteinsintrinsically disordered proteins (IDPs)intrinsically disordered regionion pairleukemialncRNAMC simulationsMEG3membrane-less organellemeta strategyMicroarrayMLL proteinsMLL4molecular machinesmolecular recognition featuremolten globulemutual synergistic foldingN-terminal prion proteinneurodegenerative diseaseneurodegenerative diseasesNuclear pore complexoligomerp300 HAT acetylationp53phosphorylationphysiological homeostasisplant viruspost-translational modificationpost-translational modificationspotyvirusprion disease mutationsproteinprotein aggregationprotein conformationprotein hydrodynamicsprotein intrinsic disorderprotein stabilityprotein structureprotein thermostabilityprotein-protein interactionprotein-RNA interactionsresidue co-variationresidue contact networkribosomal proteinRIN4RNA bindingRNA sequencingsalt bridgessecretionsequential DNA bendingsignificance votingsmFRETsolvent-accessible surface areaSox2 sequential DNA loadingspectroscopystabilization centerstatistical force fieldsstress responsestructural disorderstructural domainTau fibrillationtemperature responsetranscription factor dosagetranscription factorstranscriptomeunstructured proteinsVPgwide-line 1H NMRBiology, life sciencesResearch and information: generalSimon Istvanedt685751Simon IstvanothBOOK9910557509403321Functionally Relevant Macromolecular Interactions of Disordered Proteins3021309UNINA