06834nam 2201909z- 450 991055742910332120231214133431.0(CKB)5400000000043432(oapen)https://directory.doabooks.org/handle/20.500.12854/76685(EXLCZ)99540000000004343220202201d2021 |y 0engurmn|---annantxtrdacontentcrdamediacrrdacarrierAgroforestry-Based Ecosystem ServicesBasel, SwitzerlandMDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute20211 electronic resource (476 p.)3-0365-1742-1 3-0365-1741-3 As a dynamic interface between agriculture and forestry, agroforestry has only recently been formally recognized as a relevant part of land use with ‘trees outside forest’ in important parts of the world—but not everywhere yet. The Sustainable Development Goals have called attention to the need for the multifunctionality of landscapes that simultaneously contribute to multiple goals. In the UN decade of landscape restoration, as well as in response to the climate change urgency and biodiversity extinction crisis, an increase in global tree cover is widely seen as desirable, but its management by farmers or forest managers remains contested. Agroforestry research relates tree–soil–crop–livestock interactions at the plot level with landscape-level analysis of social-ecological systems and efforts to transcend the historical dichotomy between forest and agriculture as separate policy domains. An ‘ecosystem services’ perspective quantifies land productivity, flows of water, net greenhouse gas emissions, and biodiversity conservation, and combines an ‘actor’ perspective (farmer, landscape manager) with that of ‘downstream’ stakeholders (in the same watershed, ecologically conscious consumers elsewhere, global citizens) and higher-level regulators designing land-use policies and spatial zoning.Research & information: generalbicssccarbon storagecacao agroforestryfarmer tree preferenceutility valueentrainmenterosionforest conversionoverland flowsoil macroporositythroughfallwater balanceboundary workecohydrologyforest-water-people nexuslandscape approachparticipatory methodsscenario evaluationsocial-ecological systemstropical forestsassisted natural regeneration (ANR)co-investmentecosystem servicesenvironmental stewardshipequityforest and landscape restoration (FLR)rights-based approachtree plantingwatercoffeefruit treesindex of root anchoringslope stabilitysoil shear strengthroot length densityroot tensile strengthagroforestrycarbon sequestrationclimate change mitigationgrazing managementland restorationnationally determined contributionsilvopastoraltree covercocoa agroforestryclimate adaptationsoil restorationsoil organic carbonsoil macro-porositysoil water availabilityinceptisolsFraxinus dimorphasoil chemical characteristicsmycorrhizal attributestraditional ecological knowledgeanastomosisagroforestsilvopastureeconomicsfinancial analysiscarbon paymentPeruinnovation transfertrimmingintentionparticipatory and integrative research-extensionstakeholdersadaptationKisumuBungomapayment for ecosystem servicesvillage savings and loan associationsfruit tree-based agroforestryeconomic benefitsfarmer perspectivesresource competitionsystems improvementuptake and expansioncost-benefit analysislandscape restorationglobalstocktakeagroforestry coffeeshade tree speciespairwise rankingVietnamtrees on farmoptions by contexton-farm planned comparisontree seedling survivalagriculture sectorcost efficiencyland suitabilitypotential expansion areasrepresentative concentration pathwaycocoaJavalivelihoodsrural-urbanremittancesreturning migrantsSumatraSulawesicertificationdeforestationpalm oilforest classificationJambilegalityindependent smallholdersagroforestry concessionsWest Kalimantanland-use changebelowground biodiversitysoil engineersPontoscolex corethrurusnatural habitatsplanted forestartesian wellsOryzapaddy cultivationrestorationrodentssustainable intensificationMount Bromo-Tenggercoinvestmentinstrumental valueslandscaperelational valuessocial-ecological systemsstewardshipsustainable development goals (SDGs)treesResearch & information: generalvan Noordwijk Meineedt1319392van Noordwijk MeineothBOOK9910557429103321Agroforestry-Based Ecosystem Services3033867UNINA