05459nam 2201453z- 450 991055736390332120220111(CKB)5400000000042253(oapen)https://directory.doabooks.org/handle/20.500.12854/77123(oapen)doab77123(EXLCZ)99540000000004225320202201d2021 |y 0engurmn|---annantxtrdacontentcrdamediacrrdacarrierThe Application of Viruses to BiotechnologyBasel, SwitzerlandMDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute20211 online resource (296 p.)3-0365-2539-4 3-0365-2538-6 Viruses are microscopic agents that exist worldwide and are present in humans, animals, plants, and other living organisms in which they can cause devastating diseases. However, the advances of biotechnology and next-generation sequencing technologies have accelerated novel virus discovery, identification, sequencing, and manipulation, showing that they present unique characteristics that place them as valuable tools for a wide variety of biotechnological applications. Many applications of viruses have been used for agricultural purposes, namely concerning plant breeding and plant protection. Nevertheless, it is interesting to mention that plants have also many advantages to be used in vaccine production, such as the low cost and low risks they entail, showing once more the versatility of the use of viruses in biotechnology. Although it will obviously never be ignored that viruses are responsible for devastating diseases, it is clear that the more they are studied, the more possibilities they offer to us. They are now on the front line of the most revolutionizing techniques in several fields, providing advances that would not be possible without their existence. In this book there are presented studies that demonstrate the work developed using viruses in biotechnology. These studies were brought by experts that focus on the development and applications of many viruses in several fields, such as agriculture, the pharmaceutical industry, and medicine.Technology: general issuesbicsscAAVadeno-associated virusadeno-associated virus (AAV) vectorapple latent spherical virus vectoraspect ratiobacmidBacteriophagebaculovirusbiocontrolbioreactorbreeding of grapevinecancercancer gene therapycancerscarotenoid biosynthesischemokineschikungunya viruscircular RNAclodronatecodon harmonizationcodon optimizationcomparative genomicsCOVID-19COVID-19 vaccinesCPMVCRISPRCRISPR-cas9CRISPR/Cas systemsCRISPR/Cas9diagnosisDNA-based vaccinesenhancerEscherichia coliexpression vectorsgeminivirusgene editinggene expressiongene therapygenome editinggenome stabilitygrapevineheterologous expressionhydrothermal ventHypnocyclicus thermotrophusimmunizationinfectious bursal disease virusinfectious diseasesinsect cellsjaagsiekte sheep retrovirus (JSRV)LTRlytic cassettemacrophagenanotechnologyNewcastle disease virusphage diversityphagespigplant genome engineeringplant virusporcine epidemic diarrhea viruspreventionprophageprotein expressionPVXrecombinant Lactococcus lactisreduced generation timereverse geneticsRNA-based vaccinesSalmonellaSARS-CoV-2self-replicating RNA vectorstheranosticsTMVTn7transductiontreatmentvaccinevaccinesvariant strainviral resistanceviral vaccinesviral vectorviral vectorsviroidvirus eliminationvirus-induced floweringvirus-induced gene silencing (VIGS)virusesVLPVLPsVNPsTechnology: general issuesVaranda Carlaedt1302211Materatski PatrickedtVaranda CarlaothMateratski PatrickothBOOK9910557363903321The Application of Viruses to Biotechnology3026255UNINA04693nam 22006135 450 991034944130332120200704005236.03-030-28034-910.1007/978-3-030-28034-5(CKB)4100000009522817(DE-He213)978-3-030-28034-5(MiAaPQ)EBC5940499(PPN)24282613X(EXLCZ)99410000000952281720191010d2019 u| 0engurnn|008mamaatxtrdacontentcrdamediacrrdacarrierAdulteration in Herbal Drugs: A Burning Issue /by Shabnum Shaheen, Sehrish Ramzan, Farah Khan, Mushtaq Ahmad1st ed. 2019.Cham :Springer International Publishing :Imprint: Springer,2019.1 online resource (XXXI, 179 p. 240 illus., 236 illus. in color.) 3-030-28033-0 Includes bibliographical references.CHAPTER 1: Adulteration A Global Issue -- CHAPTER 2: Types and Causes of Adulteration: Global Perspectives -- CHAPTER 3: Why Study Herbal Plants? -- CHAPTER 4: History, Classification, Worldwide Distribution and Significance of Herbal Plants -- CHAPTER 5: Marketed Herbal Drugs: How Adulteration Affects -- CHAPTER 6: Preventive Measures to Stop Adulteration in Marketed Herbal Samples -- CHAPTER 7: Medicinal Wealth of Pakistan -- CHAPTER 8: Marketed Herbal Plants in Pakistan: Case Studies -- CHAPTER 9: List of Commonly used Herbal Drugs throughout the World -- CHAPTER 10: A pictorial guide of marketed herbal plants: Comparison with the original sample.Substitution and adulteration in traded herbal raw material are common practice in the herbal industry due to the extinction of required species, deforestation and incorrect taxonomical identification. Herbalists have adopted methods to create high quality adulteration which cannot be detected without performing microscopic examination or chemical analysis. It is difficult to establish specific quality control standards due to the complex nature and innate unpredictability of the chemical constituents of medicinal herbs.The main parameters for measurement and adulteration prevention in medicinal herbs are morphological and microscopic investigation, chemical profiling and DNA barcoding. The need for highly sensitive and more effective approaches for the authentication of medicinal herbs is necessary in order to promote the acceptance of herbal products. Adulteration In Traditional Medicinal Herbs is aimed at promoting awareness of adulteration in traditional herbal medicines for the worldwide scientific community. Parameters are established for the prevention of adulteration through classical and modern scientific tools. Valuable case studies are presented based on ethno-medicinal surveys performed in many herbal markets in Pakistan. Collections of various samples were obtained from these shops then compared with the original plants collected from field. Various phytochemical, organoleptic and DNA barcoding techniques were used in order to detect adulteration in the marketed herbal samples. This book is the first of its kind and is aimed at helping the scientific community to identify particular medicinal plants which are facing adulteration problems in herbal markets and to estimate the extent of adulteration and substitution in commonly used medicinal herbs.BotanyBotanyAlternative medicineFood—BiotechnologyPlant Scienceshttps://scigraph.springernature.com/ontologies/product-market-codes/L24000Complementary & Alternative Medicinehttps://scigraph.springernature.com/ontologies/product-market-codes/H17007Food Sciencehttps://scigraph.springernature.com/ontologies/product-market-codes/C15001Botany.Botany.Alternative medicine.Food—Biotechnology.Plant Sciences.Complementary & Alternative Medicine.Food Science.580Shaheen Shabnumauthttp://id.loc.gov/vocabulary/relators/aut981297Ramzan Sehrishauthttp://id.loc.gov/vocabulary/relators/autKhan Farahauthttp://id.loc.gov/vocabulary/relators/autAhmad Mushtaqauthttp://id.loc.gov/vocabulary/relators/autMiAaPQMiAaPQMiAaPQBOOK9910349441303321Adulteration in Herbal Drugs: A Burning Issue2239798UNINA