04797nam 2201189z- 450 991055734380332120231214133545.0(CKB)5400000000042453(oapen)https://directory.doabooks.org/handle/20.500.12854/76870(EXLCZ)99540000000004245320202201d2021 |y 0engurmn|---annantxtrdacontentcrdamediacrrdacarrierAdvances in PyrometallurgyBasel, SwitzerlandMDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute20211 electronic resource (196 p.)3-0365-1849-5 3-0365-1850-9 There are several major megatrends having an impact on pyrometallurgical metal processing. The steadily growing demand for all metals is strengthened by the emergence of electrical vehicles (EV), which brings a high need for battery metals, but additionally, a significant increase in copper consumption. Even if only moderate forecasts for the number of the EVs become true, production of the base metals must increase by tens of percentages, or even more than double. At the same time, pyrometallurgical processes have to produce fewer side products, such as slag, and maintain the quality level of the primary product, although raw material mixtures are increasingly complex and new elements are entering the processes in secondary raw materials. Therefore, it is imperative to continue the development of pyrometallurgical processes more efficiently and productively, while still improving their selectivity regarding slagging the unwanted material and recovering the desired elements. This Special Issue is for current advances in the pyrometallurgical processing of metals, including all aspects, namely, the basic unit processes and operations in a smelter, metallurgical engineering, furnace integrity, cooling systems, modelling, slag and offgas handling, to name a few. A collection of 13 papers deal with ferrous and ferroalloy development, and the processing of different raw materials for metal production.Technology: general issuesbicsscblast furnace slagTiO2titanium carbonitrideviscositylimonitemagnetization reduction roastingrotary kilndepositfayaliteFeOliquid phasemedium manganese steelspinel inclusionsCe treatmentmodification mechanismcopper concentratepyrometallurgyflash smeltingcombustionclassificationspectroscopyPCASIMCAPLS-DAk-NNsupport vector machinesscandiummaster alloysaluminum alloysmetallothermyvacuum induction meltingfactsagenickel lateritenon-melting reducingsodium chloridemagnetic separationgarnieritevacuum carbothermal reductionmechanismCaF2recoverydevolatilizationtorrefied biomassbio-coalvolatile matterreductionblast furnacemultistage and deep reductionlow-oxygen high titanium ferroalloyinclusionsmelt separationslag-metal separationhearth drainageiron and slag flowinterface phenomenaCaO-SiO2-FetO-P2O5 slag systemdistribution ratio of phosphorusdephosphorizationn·2CaO·SiO2-3CaO·P2O5 solid solutionB2O3vanadium–titanium sinteringmetallurgical propertiesmicrostructuresSøderberg electrodessubmerged arc furnace (SAF)ferro-alloy productionferrochromeelectrical resistivitydegree of graphitisationbulk densityporositycompressive breaking strengthTechnology: general issuesJokilaakso Ariedt1303369Jokilaakso AriothBOOK9910557343803321Advances in Pyrometallurgy3026957UNINA