04812nam 2201201z- 450 991055734380332120220111(CKB)5400000000042453(oapen)https://directory.doabooks.org/handle/20.500.12854/76870(oapen)doab76870(EXLCZ)99540000000004245320202201d2021 |y 0engurmn|---annantxtrdacontentcrdamediacrrdacarrierAdvances in PyrometallurgyBasel, SwitzerlandMDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute20211 online resource (196 p.)3-0365-1849-5 3-0365-1850-9 There are several major megatrends having an impact on pyrometallurgical metal processing. The steadily growing demand for all metals is strengthened by the emergence of electrical vehicles (EV), which brings a high need for battery metals, but additionally, a significant increase in copper consumption. Even if only moderate forecasts for the number of the EVs become true, production of the base metals must increase by tens of percentages, or even more than double. At the same time, pyrometallurgical processes have to produce fewer side products, such as slag, and maintain the quality level of the primary product, although raw material mixtures are increasingly complex and new elements are entering the processes in secondary raw materials. Therefore, it is imperative to continue the development of pyrometallurgical processes more efficiently and productively, while still improving their selectivity regarding slagging the unwanted material and recovering the desired elements. This Special Issue is for current advances in the pyrometallurgical processing of metals, including all aspects, namely, the basic unit processes and operations in a smelter, metallurgical engineering, furnace integrity, cooling systems, modelling, slag and offgas handling, to name a few. A collection of 13 papers deal with ferrous and ferroalloy development, and the processing of different raw materials for metal production.Technology: general issuesbicsscaluminum alloysB2O3bio-coalblast furnaceblast furnace slagbulk densityCaF2CaO-SiO2-FetO-P2O5 slag systemCe treatmentclassificationcombustioncompressive breaking strengthcopper concentratedegree of graphitisationdephosphorizationdepositdevolatilizationdistribution ratio of phosphoruselectrical resistivityfactsagefayaliteFeOferro-alloy productionferrochromeflash smeltinggarnieritehearth drainageinclusionsinterface phenomenairon and slag flowk-NNlimoniteliquid phaselow-oxygen high titanium ferroalloymagnetic separationmagnetization reduction roastingmaster alloysmechanismmedium manganese steelmelt separationmetallothermymetallurgical propertiesmicrostructuresmodification mechanismmultistage and deep reductionn·2CaO·SiO2-3CaO·P2O5 solid solutionnickel lateritenon-melting reducingPCAPLS-DAporositypyrometallurgyrecoveryreductionrotary kilnscandiumSIMCAslag-metal separationSøderberg electrodessodium chloridespectroscopyspinel inclusionssubmerged arc furnace (SAF)support vector machinesTiO2titanium carbonitridetorrefied biomassvacuum carbothermal reductionvacuum induction meltingvanadium-titanium sinteringviscosityvolatile matterTechnology: general issuesJokilaakso Ariedt1303369Jokilaakso AriothBOOK9910557343803321Advances in Pyrometallurgy3026957UNINA