10928nam 2200469 450 991052297020332120220917152728.09783030902254(electronic bk.)9783030902247(MiAaPQ)EBC6875860(Au-PeEL)EBL6875860(CKB)21022418900041(PPN)269154744(EXLCZ)992102241890004120220917d2022 uy 0engurcnu||||||||txtrdacontentcrdamediacrrdacarrierProcedures and protocols in the neurocritical care unit /edited by Niraj AroraCham, Switzerland :Springer,[2022]©20221 online resource (713 pages)Print version: Arora, Niraj Procedures and Protocols in the Neurocritical Care Unit Cham : Springer International Publishing AG,c2022 9783030902247 Includes bibliographical references and index.Intro -- Foreword -- Preface -- Acknowledgements -- Contents -- Contributors -- Part I: Procedures -- Vascular Access -- 1 Peripheral Vascular Catheters -- 1.1 Introduction -- 1.2 Method of Insertion [6] -- 1.3 Technique [6, 13] -- 1.4 Pitfalls -- 2 Central Vascular Catheters -- 2.1 Introduction -- 2.2 Indications -- 2.2.1 Non-tunneled CVCs (Fig. 5) -- 2.2.2 Tunneled CVCs -- 2.3 Technique of Insertion for Non-tunneled Catheters [6, 13] (Fig. 6) -- 2.4 Pitfalls -- 3 Specialty Catheters -- 3.1 Hemodialysis Catheters: (Fig. 7) -- 3.2 Introducer Sheaths: (Fig. 8) -- 3.3 Technique -- 3.3.1 Hemodialysis Catheter -- 3.3.2 Introducer Sheath [36] -- References -- Pulmonary Artery Catheters -- 1 Introduction -- 2 Indications -- 3 Technique/Methods -- 4 Types of Kits Available -- 5 Pitfalls and Troubleshooting -- References -- Arterial Catheters -- 1 Introduction -- 2 Indications -- 3 Technique/Methods -- 4 Types of Kits Available -- 5 Pitfalls and Troubleshooting -- Airway Access -- Introduction -- Airway Anatomy -- 1 Supraglottic Devices -- 1.1 Oropharyngeal and Nasopharyngeal Airways -- 1.2 Laryngeal Mask Airway (LMA) -- 2 Infraglottic Devices -- 2.1 Direct Laryngoscopy -- 2.2 Video Laryngoscopy -- 3 Surgical Airway -- 4 Percutaneous Dilatation Tracheostomy (PDT) -- 5 Bronchoscopy -- 6 Summary -- Bibliography -- Thoracocentesis -- 1 Introduction -- 2 Indications -- 3 Technique/Methods -- 3.1 Prepare the Patient -- 3.2 Prepare Equipment and Yourself -- 3.3 Procedure Walkthrough -- 4 Pitfalls/Troubleshooting -- References -- Chest Tube Thoracostomy -- 1 Introduction -- 2 Indications -- 3 Technique/Methods -- 3.1 Prepare the Patient -- 3.2 Prepare Equipment and Yourself -- 3.3 Procedure Walkthrough -- 4 Pitfalls/Troubleshooting -- References -- Pericardiocentesis -- 1 Introduction -- 2 Indications -- 3 Equipment -- 4 Technique/Methods.5 Management After Pericardiocentesis -- 6 Complications -- 7 Tips to Avoid Complications -- References -- Paracentesis -- 1 Introduction -- 2 Indications for Abdominal Paracentesis -- 3 Contraindications -- 4 Steps Involved in Performing Abdominal Paracentesis -- 5 Analyzing Peritoneal Fluid -- 6 Complications -- 7 Types of Kits Available -- 8 Pitfalls of Paracentesis -- References -- Lumbar Puncture and Intrathecal Drug Administration -- 1 Introduction -- 2 Indications -- 3 Contraindications -- 4 Anatomy, Positioning, and Needle Location -- 4.1 Anatomy -- 4.2 Position Techniques -- 4.3 Spine Level Location -- 5 Needle Variants -- 5.1 Needle Type -- 5.2 Needle Gauge -- 6 Imaging Guided -- 6.1 Ultrasound Guidance -- 6.2 Fluoroscopy Guidance (Fig. 2) -- 6.3 CT Guidance -- 7 Complications -- 7.1 Intrathecal Lidocaine -- 7.2 Epidural Hematoma -- 7.3 Infection -- 7.4 Post Lumbar Puncture Headache -- 7.5 Needle Deformation -- 8 Conclusion -- References -- Intracranial Access -- 1 Introduction -- 2 Intracranial Pressure Monitoring -- 2.1 External Ventricular Drain Placement -- 2.2 Fiberoptic Intracranial Pressure Monitor (Camino, or "bolt") -- 2.3 Brain Oxygenation Monitoring (Licox®, Integra -- San Diego, CA, USA) -- 3 Subdural Drainage -- 3.1 Subdural Drain -- 3.2 Subdural Evacuating Port System (SEPS) Placement -- References -- Point of Care Ultrasound -- 1 Introduction -- 2 Basics of Ultrasonography -- 2.1 Echogenicity -- 2.2 Probe Selection -- 2.3 Positioning and Probe Control -- 3 Vascular Ultrasound -- 3.1 Vascular Access -- 3.2 Deep Venous Thromboembolism Screening and Diagnosis -- 3.3 Two-Point DVT Screen -- 4 Lung Ultrasound -- 4.1 Normal Lung Ultrasound Patterns -- 4.1.1 Lung Sliding -- 4.1.2 A-Lines -- 4.2 Abnormal Lung Ultrasound Patterns -- 4.2.1 Pneumothorax -- 4.2.2 B-Lines -- 4.2.3 Pleural Effusions -- 4.2.4 Consolidation.4.2.5 BLUE Protocol -- 5 Cardiac Ultrasound -- 5.1 Transthoracic Views -- 5.1.1 Parasternal Long-Axis View -- 5.1.2 Parasternal Short-Axis View -- 5.1.3 Apical Four-Chamber View -- 5.1.4 Subcostal Long-Axis View -- 5.1.5 Inferior Vena Cava Longitudinal View -- 5.2 Utility of Cardiac POCUS -- 5.2.1 Left Ventricular Systolic Function -- 5.2.2 Fluid Responsiveness -- 5.2.3 Tamponade -- 5.3 Right Ventricular Function and Pulmonary Embolism -- 6 Focused Assessment Sonography in Trauma (FAST) -- 7 Conclusion -- References -- Transcranial Doppler Ultrasound -- 1 Introduction -- 2 Doppler Ultrasound Concepts -- 3 TCD Equipment and the Technique -- 3.1 Comparison of TCD to TCCD -- 4 Technique -- 5 Clinical Applications of TCD -- 5.1 Vasospasm -- 5.2 Stenosis -- 5.3 Acute Ischemic Stroke -- 5.4 Traumatic Brain Injury -- 5.5 Brain Death Evaluation -- 5.6 Sickle Cell Disease -- 6 Conclusion -- References -- Cervical Traction -- 1 Introduction -- 2 Indications, Contraindications, and Caveats -- 3 Procedure: Cervical Traction/Closed Reduction with Garner-Wells Tongs -- 4 Post-procedural Care -- 5 Case Presentation -- References -- Part II: Protocols -- Sedation and Analgesia Management -- 1 Introduction -- 2 Indications -- 3 Drug Selection -- 4 Pharmacological Agents for Sedation and Analgesia -- 5 Tools for Objective Measuring of Sedation and Analgesia -- 6 Sedation Interruptions -- 7 Pitfalls -- 8 Summary -- References -- Intracranial Hypertension in Intensive Care Unit -- 1 Introduction -- 1.1 Pathophysiology of Raised ICP -- 1.2 Etiology of Elevated ICP: [8-12] -- 1.3 Clinical Features: Table 2 [13-15] -- 1.4 ICP Monitoring: [1, 2, 8, 13, 16] -- 1.5 Indications for ICP Monitoring Devices [3] -- 1.6 Role of Fundoscopy: [17-22] -- 1.7 Management: [3, 23-28] -- 1.8 Surgery [30-32] -- 1.9 Mannitol [33-35] -- 1.10 Sedation: [16, 27, 39].1.11 Temperature Modulation -- 2 Lumbar Drain (LD) -- 2.1 Future Directions -- References -- Sepsis and Fever in the Neuro-Critical Care Unit (NCCU) -- 1 Introduction -- 1.1 Definitions -- 2 Measurement of Body Temperature [9, 10] -- 3 Causes of Fever in Intensive Care Unit (ICU) -- 4 Infectious Causes of Fever (Table 3) -- 5 Management of Bacterial Meningitis -- 6 AMP-C Group of Organisms -- 7 Non-infectious Causes of Fever in NCCU -- 8 Protocol for Fever Management in NCCU -- References -- Status Epilepticus -- 1 Introduction -- 2 Treatment Algorithm for Management of Convulsive Status Epilepticus -- 3 Drugs Used for Treatment of Status Epilepticus -- 4 Current Evidence -- 5 Future Directions -- References -- Targeted Temperature Management -- 1 Introduction -- 2 Indications and Contraindications (Table 1) -- 3 Techniques for Targeted Temperature Management -- 4 Conventional Methods -- 5 Surface Cooling (SFC) -- 6 Endovascular Cooling -- 7 Other Methods -- 8 Protocol -- 8.1 Induction -- 8.2 Maintenance -- 8.3 Rewarming -- 9 Shivering (Fig. 4) -- References -- Original Bibliography -- Mechanical Ventilation and Weaning In ICU -- 1 Introduction -- 2 Airway Assessment -- 3 Predictors of Difficult Ventilation -- 4 Predictors of Difficult Intubation - Table 1 -- 5 Modes of Ventilation -- References -- Tracheostomy Care -- 1 Introduction -- 2 Tracheostomy Care -- 3 Post-placement Care -- 4 Tracheostomy Weaning to Decannulation -- 4.1 Downsizing -- 4.2 Passy-Muir Valve or Speaking Valve -- 4.3 Capping Trials -- 4.4 Decannulation -- Bibliography -- Hemodynamic Monitoring -- 1 Introduction -- 2 Basic Principles of Fluid Resuscitation -- 2.1 Frank-Starling Curve -- 2.2 Diastolic Volume-Pressure Curve (Fig. 1) -- 2.3 Contractility (Fig. 1) -- 2.4 Mean Systemic Filling Pressure (Pms) -- 2.5 Venous Return -- 3 Hemodynamic Profiles of Shock.3.1 Methods of Assessment -- 4 Role of Ultrasound in Hemodynamic Assessment -- 4.1 Method -- 4.2 Basic Principles of Lung Ultrasound and Image Acquisition -- 4.3 Method -- 5 Artifacts -- 6 Real Images -- 6.1 Utility in Neuro-Science Intensive Care Unit -- 7 Future Directions -- 8 Application -- References -- Endotracheal Intubation via Direct Laryngoscopy -- 1 Introduction -- 2 Indications and Contraindications -- 3 Medications -- 4 Choosing the Medications for ETI in a Neurocritical Patient -- 5 Anatomy -- 6 Preparation -- 7 Technique -- 8 Confirming Proper Placement of Endotracheal Tube -- 9 Protocol for ETI (Fig. 2) -- References -- Vasospasm -- 1 Introduction -- 1.1 Incidence and Pathophysiology -- 1.2 Diagnostic Modalities -- 2 Prevention of Vasospasm -- 3 Treatment of Vasospasm (Table 5) -- 4 Pharmacological Treatment -- 5 Endovascular Therapy -- 6 Protocol for Vasospasm Management -- 7 Future Directions -- References -- Phenobarbital for Alcohol Withdrawal Syndrome -- 1 Introduction -- 2 Management of Alcohol Withdrawal -- 3 Pharmacotherapy -- 4 Literature Review -- References -- Diabetic Ketoacidosis and Hyperglycemia -- 1 Introduction -- 2 Glucose Homeostasis in the Brain -- 3 Hyperglycemia and Hypoglycemia in the Neurocritical Care Unit (NCCU) -- 4 Management of Hyperglycemia in the NCCU -- References -- Electrolyte Management -- 1 Introduction -- 2 Calcium Management -- 3 Magnesium Management -- 4 Phosphorus Management -- 5 Potassium Management -- 6 Sodium Management -- 7 Summary -- References -- Plasmapheresis -- 1 Introduction -- 2 Basic Nomenclature -- 3 Indications of Therapeutic Plasma Exchange (Table 1) -- 3.1 Principles -- 3.2 Mechanisms of Action -- 4 Technique (Fig. 1) -- 4.1 Vascular Access for Therapeutic Plasma Exchange -- 4.2 Anticoagulation -- 4.3 Replacement Fluids -- 5 Prescription of Therapeutic Plasma Exchange.6 Summary of Recommendations for Use of TPE in Neurology Intensive Care.Neurological intensive careNeurological intensive care.616.80428Arora NirajMiAaPQMiAaPQMiAaPQ9910522970203321Procedures and Protocols in the Neurocritical Care Unit2595278UNINA01171nam a22002771i 450099100380253970753620040611091933.0040802s1961 fr |||||||||||||||||fre b13130468-39ule_instARCHE-108307ExLBiblioteca InterfacoltàitaA.t.i. Arché s.c.r.l. Pandora Sicilia s.r.l.248Calvin, Jean154241Institution de la religion chrestienne /Jean Calvin ; texte établi et présenté par Jacques Pannier2. ed.Paris :Les belles lettres,1961v. ;21 cmLes textes françaisPannier, Jacques.b1313046802-04-1405-08-04991003802539707536LE002 Fondo Giudici L 1234/00312002000338471le002V. 3. - C. 1-E0.00-no 00000.i1376672705-08-04LE002 Fondo Giudici L 1234/00412002000338488le002V. 4. - C. 1-E0.00-no 00000.i1376673905-08-04Institution de la religion chrestienne308924UNISALENTOle00205-08-04ma -frefr 02