03954nam 2200649 a 450 991045786080332120200520144314.00-674-06298-110.4159/harvard.9780674062986(CKB)2550000000074875(OCoLC)768122957(CaPaEBR)ebrary10518228(SSID)ssj0000551474(PQKBManifestationID)11408592(PQKBTitleCode)TC0000551474(PQKBWorkID)10538465(PQKB)10124147(MiAaPQ)EBC3301018(DE-B1597)178294(OCoLC)1024028685(OCoLC)1037982256(OCoLC)1041992663(OCoLC)1046606547(OCoLC)1047002711(OCoLC)1049627618(OCoLC)1054869908(OCoLC)979754459(DE-B1597)9780674062986(Au-PeEL)EBL3301018(CaPaEBR)ebr10518228(EXLCZ)99255000000007487520110606d2011 uy 0engurcn|||||||||txtccrIn a sea of bitterness[electronic resource] refugees during the Sino-Japanese War /R. Keith SchoppaCambridge, Mass. Harvard University Press20111 online resource (369 p.) Bibliographic Level Mode of Issuance: Monograph0-674-05988-3 Includes bibliographical references and index.The thousand person pit -- A world where ghosts wailed -- Confronting the refugee crisis -- Veering into the ravine -- Days of suffering -- The kidnapping of Chinese civilians -- Government on the move -- Playing hide-and-seek with the enemy -- Guerrilla education -- Wartime business -- Scorched earth -- Trading and smuggling -- Bubonic bombs -- Remaking homes.The Japanese invasion of Shanghai in 1937 led some thirty million Chinese to flee their homes in terror, and live-in the words of artist and writer Feng Zikai-"in a sea of bitterness" as refugees. Keith Schoppa paints a comprehensive picture of the refugee experience in one province-Zhejiang, on the central Chinese coast-where the Japanese launched major early offensives as well as notorious later campaigns. He recounts stories of both heroes and villains, of choices poorly made amid war's bewildering violence, of risks bravely taken despite an almost palpable quaking fear.As they traveled south into China's interior, refugees stepped backward in time, sometimes as far as the nineteenth century, their journeys revealing the superficiality of China's modernization. Memoirs and oral histories allow Schoppa to follow the footsteps of the young and old, elite and non-elite, as they fled through unfamiliar terrain and coped with unimaginable physical and psychological difficulties. Within the context of Chinese culture, being forced to leave home was profoundly threatening to one's sense of identity. Not just people but whole institutions also fled from Japanese occupation, and Schoppa considers schools, governments, and businesses as refugees with narratives of their own.Local governments responded variously to Japanese attacks, from enacting scorched-earth policies to offering rewards for the capture of plague-infected rats in the aftermath of germ warfare. While at times these official procedures improved the situation for refugees, more often-as Schoppa describes in moving detail-they only deepened the tragedy.Sino-Japanese War, 1937-1945RefugeesElectronic books.Sino-Japanese War, 1937-1945Refugees.951.04/2Schoppa R. Keith1943-280290MiAaPQMiAaPQMiAaPQBOOK9910457860803321In a sea of bitterness848228UNINA05241nam 2200673 a 450 991046449560332120200520144314.01-283-23470-X9786613234704981-4313-19-X(CKB)3400000000016053(EBL)840579(OCoLC)755587453(SSID)ssj0000533706(PQKBManifestationID)12215771(PQKBTitleCode)TC0000533706(PQKBWorkID)10492678(PQKB)11034652(MiAaPQ)EBC840579(WSP)00001322 (Au-PeEL)EBL840579(CaPaEBR)ebr10493527(CaONFJC)MIL323470(EXLCZ)99340000000001605320110708d2011 uy 0engur|n|---|||||txtccrAdaptive high-order methods in computational fluid dynamics[electronic resource] /editor, Z.J. WangSingapore ;Hackensack, N.J. World Scientificc20111 online resource (471 p.)Advances in computational fluid dynamics ;v. 2Description based upon print version of record.981-4313-18-1 Includes bibliographical references and index.Preface; CONTENTS; Chapter 1: Discontinuous Galerkin for Turbulent Flows Francesco Bassi, Lorenzo Botti, Alessandro Colombo, Antonio Ghidoni And Stefano Rebay; 1. Introduction; 2. DG Solution of the RANS and k-! Equations; 2.1. Governing equations; 2.1.1. Surface boundary condition for; 2.2. DG space discretization; 2.2.1. Orthonormal and hierarchical basis functions; 2.3. Time integration; 2.3.1. Linearly implicit Runge-Kutta schemes; 2.4. Shock-capturing approach; 3. Numerical Results; 3.1. L1T2 3-element airfoil; 3.2. ONERA M6 wing; 3.3. DPWIII W1 wing; 3.4. DLR-F6 wing-body configuration3.5. NASA 65 sweep delta wing4. Final Remarks; Acknowledgments; References; Chapter 2: Massively Parallel Solution Techniques for Higher-Order Finite-Element Discretizations in CFD Laslo T. Diosady and David L. Darmofal; 1. Introduction; 2. Schwarz Methods; 2.1. The case of two subdomains; 2.2. The case of many subdomains; 2.3. Large scale CFD applications; 3. Schur Complement Methods; 3.1. An interface problem; 3.2. Classical substructuring methods; 3.3. Approximate factorizations; 4. Neumann-Neumann Methods; 4.1. BDDC and FETI-DP; 5. Numerical Results; ReferencesChapter 3: Error Estimation and hp-Adaptive Mesh Refinement for Discontinuous Galerkin Methods Tobias Leicht and Ralf Hartmann1. Introduction; 2. Flow Problem and Its Discretization; 3. Error Estimation and Local Error Indicators; 3.1. Single target quantities; 3.2. Multiple target quantities; 4. Adaptation Strategies; 4.1. Comparison of h- and p-type mesh refinement; 4.2. Combined hp-refinement; 4.3. hp-indicator in 1D; 4.4. hp-indicator in multiple dimensions and for systems of equations; 4.5. Anisotropic h-subdivision; 5. Adaptive Refinement Algorithm; 6. Numerical Results6.1. Laminar subsonic flow around an airfoil6.2. Transonic flow around an airfoil; 6.3. Laminar flow around a delta wing; 6.4. L1T2 three element high lift configuration; 6.5. Subsonic turbulent flow around the DLR-F6 wing-body configuration; 7. Conclusion and Outlook; Acknowledgments; References; Chapter 4: A Runge-Kutta based Discontinuous Galerkin Method with Time Accurate Local Time Stepping Gregor J. Gassner, Florian Hindenlang and Claus-Dieter Munz; 1. Introduction; 2. General Formulation; 2.1. The semi discrete form; 2.2. The fully discrete form2.3. The predictor-corrector formulation3. Beyond the Global Time Integration Paradigm; 3.1. Time-accurate local time stepping; 4. Results; 4.1. Time accuracy; 4.2. Accuracy for non-linear problems; 4.3. Application; 5. Conclusion; Acknowledgments; References; Chapter 5: High-Order Discontinuous Galerkin Methods for CFD Jaime Peraire and Per-Olof Persson; 1. Introduction; 2. Governing Equations; 2.1. The compressible Navier-Stokes equations; 2.2. Turbulence modeling; 2.3. Mapping-based ALE formulation for deformable domains; 2.3.1. The mapping; 2.3.2. Transformed equations2.3.3. Geometric conservation lawThis book consists of important contributions by world-renowned experts on adaptive high-order methods in computational fluid dynamics (CFD). It covers several widely used, and still intensively researched methods, including the discontinuous Galerkin, reAdvances in computational fluid dynamics ;v. 2.Fluid dynamicsData processingDifferential equationsNumerical solutionsData processingElectronic books.Fluid dynamicsData processing.Differential equationsNumerical solutionsData processing.532.00285Wang Z. J969755MiAaPQMiAaPQMiAaPQBOOK9910464495603321Adaptive high-order methods in computational fluid dynamics2203729UNINA