04221nam 2200613 450 991046406070332120220204195525.0(CKB)2670000000617923(EBL)2055700(SSID)ssj0001481446(PQKBManifestationID)11978984(PQKBTitleCode)TC0001481446(PQKBWorkID)11517953(PQKB)10571808(MiAaPQ)EBC2055700(OCoLC)910160003(MdBmJHUP)muse47977(Au-PeEL)EBL2055700(CaPaEBR)ebr11056944(CaONFJC)MIL788128(EXLCZ)99267000000061792320150601h20152015 uy 0engurcnu||||||||txtccrThe Biko's ghost the iconography of black consciousness /Shannen L. HillMinneapolis, Minnesota ;London, [England] :University of Minnesota Press,2015.©20151 online resource (415 p.)Description based upon print version of record.0-8166-7637-2 1-4529-4430-X Includes bibliographical references and index.Machine generated contents note: Contents Abbreviations -- Introduction: Let's Talk about Consciousness -- 1. Shaping Modern Black Culture in the 1970's -- 2. Of Icons and Inquests: "Steve Biko, God Be with You, BPC" -- 3. Contemplating Death: Artists and Abjection -- 4. Creating a Culture of Resistance -- 5. Silencing the Censors: Black Consciousness between the Lines in the 1980's -- 6. Transitions and Truths in a New Democracy -- 7. Museum, Monument, Marking: Black Consciousness in the New Millennium -- Epilogue: "After Such a Long Time His Life Is Still Dug Out" -- Acknowledgments: I Write What I Must -- Notes -- Bibliography -- Index.""When you say, 'Black is Beautiful,' what in fact you are saying. is: Man, you are okay as you are; begin to look upon yourself as a human being." With such statements, Stephen Biko became the voice of Black Consciousness. And with Biko's brutal death in the custody of the South African police, he became a martyr, an enduring symbol of the horrors of apartheid. Through the lens of visual culture, Biko's Ghost reveals how the man and the ideology he promoted have profoundly influenced liberation politics and race discourse--in South Africa and around the globe--ever since. Tracing the linked histories of Black Consciousness and its most famous proponent, Biko's Ghost explores the concepts of unity, ancestry, and action that lie at the heart of the ideology and the man. It challenges the dominant historical view of Black Consciousness as ineffectual or racially exclusive, suppressed on the one side by the apartheid regime and on the other by the African National Congress. Engaging theories of trauma and representation, and icon and ideology, Shannen L. Hill considers the martyred Biko as an embattled icon, his image portrayals assuming different shapes and political meanings in different hands. So, too, does she illuminate how Black Consciousness worked behind the scenes throughout the 1980's, a decade of heightened popular unrest and state censorship. She shows how--in streams of imagery that continue to multiply nearly forty years on--Biko's visage and the ongoing life of Black Consciousness served as instruments through which artists could combat the abuses of apartheid and unsettle the "rainbow nation" that followed. "--Provided by publisher.Black people in artBlack people in popular cultureRace relationsArt and social actionRace relationsSouth AfricaRace relationsElectronic books.Black people in art.Black people in popular cultureRace relations.Art and social actionRace relations.704.9/49305896Hill Shannen L.1964-1035922MiAaPQMiAaPQMiAaPQBOOK9910464060703321The Biko's ghost2455887UNINA