03505nam 2200649Ia 450 991046400940332120170817212421.01-4623-8099-91-4527-6217-11-4518-7323-997866128438771-282-84387-7(CKB)3170000000055326(EBL)1608405(SSID)ssj0000939950(PQKBManifestationID)11518974(PQKBTitleCode)TC0000939950(PQKBWorkID)10946354(PQKB)10037270(OCoLC)450034800(MiAaPQ)EBC1608405(EXLCZ)99317000000005532620100609d2009 uf 0engur|n|---|||||txtccrTourism specialization and economic development[electronic resource] evidence from the UNESCO World Heritage List /prepared by Rabah Arezki, Reda Cherif, and John Piotrowski[Washington, D.C.] International Monetary Fund, IMF Institute and Fiscal Affairs Dept.20091 online resource (26 p.)IMF working paper ;WP/09/176"July 2009."1-4519-1749-X Includes bibliographical references.Contents; I. Introduction; Figures; 1. Economic Growth and Tourism Specialization; II. UNESCO World Heritage List as An Instrument for Tourism Specialization; 2. UNESCO World Heritage Around the World; Tables; 1. Regional and Historical Distribution of World Heritage Sites (2002); 2. Correlation Between Total UNESCO World Heritage Sites and Average UN Voting Coincidence, 1980-2000; III. Empirical Investigation; A. Data and Specification; B. Results; 3. Benchmark Regressions; C. Robustness; IV. Conclusion; Appendixes; I. Data Description and Sources; Appendix Tables; 1. Data Description2. Countries Included in the SampleII. Additional Robustness Checks; 3. Robustness using Various WHL; 4. Robustness to Using Only Cultural Sites; 5. Robustness to Removing various Centuries from the WHL; 6. Robustness to Using Additional Instruments for Tourism; 7. Robustness to using Different Measures of GDP; ReferencesThe present paper investigates whether tourism specialization is a viable strategy for development. We estimate standard growth equations augmented with a variable measuring tourism specialization using instrumental variables techniques for a large cross-section of countries for the period 1980-2002. We introduce an instrument for tourism based on the UNESCO World Heritage List. We find that there is a positive relationship between the extent of tourism specialization and economic growth. An increase of one standard deviation in the share of tourism in exports leads to about 0.5 percentage poiIMF working paper ;WP/09/176.TourismEconomic developmentElectronic books.Tourism.Economic development.301.24Arezki Rabah936180Cherif Reda882104Piotrowski John M936181IMF Institute.International Monetary Fund.Fiscal Affairs Dept.MiAaPQMiAaPQMiAaPQBOOK9910464009403321Tourism specialization and economic development2108916UNINA