05305nam 2200637Ia 450 991046325480332120200520144314.00-8122-0374-710.9783/9780812203745(CKB)2670000000418279(OCoLC)859161009(CaPaEBR)ebrary10748579(MiAaPQ)EBC3442153(MdBmJHUP)muse29084(DE-B1597)449223(OCoLC)1013960794(OCoLC)979740821(DE-B1597)9780812203745(Au-PeEL)EBL3442153(CaPaEBR)ebr10748579(CaONFJC)MIL682382(OCoLC)873031533(EXLCZ)99267000000041827920070418d2004 uy 0engurcn|||||||||txtrdacontentcrdamediacrrdacarrierBeer in the Middle Ages and the Renaissance[electronic resource] /Richard W. UngerPhiladelphia University of Pennsylvania Pressc20041 online resource (338 p.)1-322-51100-4 0-8122-1999-6 Includes bibliographical references (p. [295]-312) and index. Frontmatter -- Contents -- Illustrations -- Tables -- Preface -- Abbreviations -- Chapter 1. Introduction: Understanding the History of Brewing -- Chapter 2. Early Medieval Brewing -- Chapter 3. Urbanization and the Rise of Commercial Brewing -- Chapter 4. Hopped Beer, Hanse Towns, and the Origins of the Trade in Beer -- Chapter 5. The Spread of Hopped Beer Brewing: The Northern Low Countries -- Chapter 6. The Spread of Hopped Beer Brewing: The Southern Low Countries, England, and Scandinavia -- Chapter 7. The Mature Industry: Levels of Production -- Chapter 8. The Mature Industry: Levels of Consumption -- Chapter 9. The Mature Industry: Technology -- Chapter 10. The Mature Industry: Capital Investment and Innovation -- Chapter 11. Types of Beer and Their International Exchange -- Chapter 12. Taxes and Protection -- Chapter 13. Guilds, Brewery Workers, and Work in Breweries -- Chapter 14. Epilogue: The Decline of Brewing -- Appendix. On Classification and Measurement -- Notes -- Bibliography -- IndexThe beer of today-brewed from malted grain and hops, manufactured by large and often multinational corporations, frequently associated with young adults, sports, and drunkenness-is largely the result of scientific and industrial developments of the nineteenth century. Modern beer, however, has little in common with the drink that carried that name through the Middle Ages and Renaissance. Looking at a time when beer was often a nutritional necessity, was sometimes used as medicine, could be flavored with everything from the bark of fir trees to thyme and fresh eggs, and was consumed by men, women, and children alike, Beer in the Middle Ages and the Renaissance presents an extraordinarily detailed history of the business, art, and governance of brewing.During the medieval and early modern periods beer was as much a daily necessity as a source of inebriation and amusement. It was the beverage of choice of urban populations that lacked access to secure sources of potable water; a commodity of economic as well as social importance; a safe drink for daily consumption that was less expensive than wine; and a major source of tax revenue for the state. In Beer in the Middle Ages and the Renaissance, Richard W. Unger has written an encompassing study of beer as both a product and an economic force in Europe.Drawing from archives in the Low Countries and England to assemble an impressively complete history, Unger describes the transformation of the industry from small-scale production that was a basic part of housewifery to a highly regulated commercial enterprise dominated by the wealthy and overseen by government authorities. Looking at the intersecting technological, economic, cultural, and political changes that influenced the transformation of brewing over centuries, he traces how improvements in technology and in the distribution of information combined to standardize quality, showing how the process of urbanization created the concentrated markets essential for commercial production.Weaving together the stories of prosperous businessmen, skilled brewmasters, and small producers, this impressively researched overview of the social and cultural practices that surrounded the beer industry is rich in implication for the history of the period as a whole.BeerEuropeHistoryTo 1500BeerEuropeHistory16th centuryBrewing industryEuropeHistoryTo 1500Brewing industryEuropeHistory16th centuryElectronic books.BeerHistoryBeerHistoryBrewing industryHistoryBrewing industryHistory641.2/3/0940902NW 2150rvkUnger Richard W791216MiAaPQMiAaPQMiAaPQBOOK9910463254803321Beer in the Middle Ages and the Renaissance2490851UNINA