05410nam 2200721 a 450 991045596320332120200520144314.01-280-19348-497866101934860-309-59314-X0-585-05313-8(CKB)110986584751448(EBL)3377839(SSID)ssj0000228012(PQKBManifestationID)12085140(PQKBTitleCode)TC0000228012(PQKBWorkID)10141797(PQKB)11272729(MiAaPQ)EBC3377839(Au-PeEL)EBL3377839(CaPaEBR)ebr10075672(CaONFJC)MIL19348(OCoLC)923273498(EXLCZ)9911098658475144819940815d1994 uy 0engur|n|---|||||txtccrProceedings[electronic resource] Workshop on Needle Exchange and Bleach Distribution Programs /Panel on Needle Exchange and Bleach Distribution Programs, Commission on Behavioral and Social Sciences and Education, National Research Council and Institute of MedicineWashington, DC National Academy Press19941 online resource (320 p.)Project was sponsored by the National Institute on Drug Abuse.Workshop was held on September 27-28, 1993 in Baltimore, Maryland.Panel chairman: Lincoln Moses.0-309-05084-7 Includes bibliographical references.""Proceedings Workshop on Needle Exchange and Bleach Distribution Programs""; ""Copyright""; ""Contents""; ""PREFACE""; ""INTRODUCTION""; ""REFERENCES""; ""U.S. NEEDLE EXCHANGE DATA""; ""The University of California Needle Exchange Program Evaluation Project: Methods, Conclusions, and Recommendation ""; ""METHODS""; ""Project Personnel""; ""Goal and Research Questions""; ""Ensuring Community and Expert Input""; ""Advisory Committee""; ""Expert Reviewers""; ""Kaiser Family Foundation Forum""; ""Consent and Confidentiality""; ""Formal Review of Existing Research""; ""Assessment of Data Needs""""Data Collection""""Data Synthesis""; ""Site Visits""; ""Identification of Sites and Interviewees""; ""Methodological Framework""; ""Training""; ""Site Observations""; ""Key Informant Interviews""; ""IDU Focus Groups""; ""Qualitative Analysis""; ""Mail Survey of NEPs Not Visited""; ""Cost-Effectiveness Modeling""; ""CONCLUSIONS""; ""How and Why Did NEPs Develop?""; ""How Do NEPs Operate?""; ""Do NEPs Act as Bridges to Public Health Services?""; ""How Much Does it Cost to Operate NEPs?""; ""Who Are the IDUs Who Use NEPs?""; ""What Proportion of All IDUs in a Community Uses the NEP?""""What Are the Community Responses to NEPs?""""Do NEPs Result in Changes in Community Levels of Drug Use?""; ""Do NEPs Affect the Number of Discarded Syringes?""; ""Do NEPs Affect Rates of HIV Drug and/or Sex Risk Behaviors?""; ""What is the Role of Studies of Syringes in Injection Drug Use Research?""; ""Do NEPs Affect Rates of Diseases Related to Injection Drug Use Other than HIV?""; ""Do NEPs Affect HIV Infection Rates?""; ""Are NEPs Cost-effective in Preventing HIV Infection?""; ""RECOMMENDATIONS""; ""Recommendations for the Federal Government""; ""Recommendations for State Governments""""Recommendations for Researchers""""APPENDIX""; ""Research Questions""; ""References""; ""Risk for Human Immunodeficiency Virus and Hepatitis B Virus in Users of the Tacoma Syringe Exchange Program""; ""INTRODUCTION""; ""METHODS""; ""The Intervention""; ""Studies of Risk Behavior in Local IDUs""; ""Surveillance of Blood-Borne Viral Infections""; ""Case-Control Study of Incident HBV Infections""; ""RESULTS""; ""DISCUSSIONS""; ""References""; ""Behavioral and Community Impact of the Portland Syringe Exchange Program""; ""PROGRAM OVERVIEW""; ""METHODS""; ""RESULTS""; ""CONCLUSIONS""""ACKNOWLEDGMENTS""""Reference""; ""New York City Syringe Exchange: An Overview""; ""INTRODUCTION""; ""OVERVIEW OF EVALUATION""; ""METHODS""; ""Ethnographic Study""; ""Behavioral Change and Seroconversion""; ""Seroprevalence and Seroincidence""; ""RESULTS""; ""Organizational-System Issues""; ""Health Departments""; ""The American Foundation for AIDS Research (AmFAR)""; ""Syringe Exchange Programs""; ""Evaluation""; ""PROBLEM SOLVING""; ""Subject Characteristics""; ""Self-Reported Change in Risk-Taking Behavior""; ""DISCUSSION""; ""ACKNOWLEDGMENTS""; ""References""""Discussion: U.S. Needle Exchange Data""Needle exchange programsUnited StatesIntravenous drug abuseHealth aspectsUnited StatesAIDS (Disease)United StatesPreventionChlorine and derivatives as disinfectantsElectronic books.Needle exchange programsIntravenous drug abuseHealth aspectsAIDS (Disease)Prevention.Chlorine and derivatives as disinfectants.362.29Moses Lincoln E103130Workshop on Needle Exchange and Bleach Distribution ProgramsMiAaPQMiAaPQMiAaPQBOOK9910455963203321Proceedings2041390UNINA