04816nam 2200649Ia 450 991045516380332120200520144314.01-280-21418-X97866102141810-309-53588-30-585-00192-8(CKB)111004366658478(EBL)3376803(SSID)ssj0000106760(PQKBManifestationID)11133880(PQKBTitleCode)TC0000106760(PQKBWorkID)10131956(PQKB)10108677(MiAaPQ)EBC3376803(Au-PeEL)EBL3376803(CaPaEBR)ebr10060370(OCoLC)923266189(EXLCZ)9911100436665847820040923d1989 my 0engur|n|---|||||txtccrAssessment of diagnostic technology in health care[electronic resource] rationale, methods, problems, and directions /Harold Sox ... [et al.]Washington, D.C. National Academy Press19891 online resource (152 p.)Monograph of the Council on Health Care TechnologyDescription based upon print version of record.0-309-04099-X Includes bibliographical references.""Assessment of Diagnostic Technology in Health Care""; ""Copyright""; ""Preface""; ""Contents""; ""Introduction""; ""REFERENCES""; ""1 Rationale for Assessment of Diagnostic Technology""; ""THE PATIENT'S PERSPECTIVE""; ""Safety""; ""Efficacy""; ""Economic Issues""; ""The Benefits of High-Quality Studies""; ""The Risks of Poor or Absent Assessment Data""; ""Summary: The Patient's Perspective""; ""SOCIETY'S PERSPECTIVE""; ""Safety and Efficacy""; ""Economic Issues""; ""Summary: Society's Perspective""; ""THE PHYSICIAN'S PERSPECTIVE""; ""Safety and Efficacy""; ""Economic Issues""""Summary: The Physician's Perspective""""SUMMARY""; ""REFERENCES""; ""2 The Use of Diagnostic Tests: A Probabilistic Approach""; ""FIRST PRINCIPLES""; ""INTERPRETING TEST RESULTS: THE POSTTEST PROBABILITY""; ""Important Definitions""; ""The Assumptions of Bayes' Theorem""; ""THE PRETEST PROBABILITY OF DISEASE""; ""MEASURING THE PERFORMANCE CHARACTERISTICS OF DIAGNOSTIC TESTS""; ""Designing Studies of Test Performance""; ""EXPECTED-VALUE DECISIONMAKING""; ""Setting Up the Decision Tree""; ""Weighing the Outcomes for Quality of Life""""Calculating the Expected Value of the Treatment Options""""THE CHOICE AMONG DOING NOTHING, TESTING, OR STARTING TREATMENT""; ""SUMMARY""; ""Glossary Of Terms""; ""REFERENCES""; ""3 Assessment: Problems and Proposed Solutions""; ""MEASURES OF CLINICAL EFFICACY""; ""Technical Capability""; ""Sensitivity and Specificity""; ""Diagnostic Impact""; ""Therapeutic Impact""; ""Impact on Clinical Outcomes""; ""THE SYSTEM OF TECHNOLOGY ASSESSMENT IN THE UNITED STATES""; ""The Pyramid""; ""PROBLEMS WITH THE CURRENT SYSTEM""; ""RANDOMIZED TRIALS OF DIAGNOSTIC TESTS""""Limitations of Randomized Trials""""Trial Design""; """"OFF THE GOLD STANDARD""""; """"ON THE GOLD STANDARD""""; ""A PROPOSAL FOR MODEL-DRIVEN TECHNOLOGY ASSESSMENT""; ""A Technology Should Be Compared with a Competing Technology""; ""STUDIES SHOULD BE PLANNED BEFORE ENROLLING THE FIRST PATIENT""; ""ALL THE DATA THAT ARE NEEDED FOR CLINICAL DECISION MAKING SHOULD BE COLLECTED""; ""BIAS IN PATIENT SELECTION SHOULD BE AVOIDED""; ""PATIENTS SHOULD BE OBSERVED FOR ADVERSE EFFECTS OF THE INDEX TEST""; ""INTERPRETATION OF DATA SHOULD BE FREE OF BIAS""""INTEROBSERVER DISAGREEMENT SHOULD BE MEASURED""""THERE SHOULD BE ENOUGH PATIENTS TO REPORT THE RESULTS IN CLINICALLY USEFUL SUBGROUPS OF PATIENTS""; ""SUMMARY""; ""REFERENCES""; ""4 Primary Assessment of Diagnostic Tests: Barriers to Implementation""; ""PLANNING AND PROTOCOL DEVELOPMENT""; ""Choosing a Clinical Condition""; ""Patient Population""; ""Endpoints and Study Design""; ""ACCURACY""; ""OUTCOME""; ""COMBINED STUDIES: ACCURACY AND OUTCOME""; ""SHORT-TERM OUTCOMES: A SYNTHETIC APPROACH""; ""Economic Analysis""; ""Efficacy Versus Effectiveness""; ""Comparative Assessment""""Sample Size""Monograph of the Council on Health Care Technology.DiagnosisMethodologyEvaluationMedical technologyEvaluationElectronic books.DiagnosisMethodologyEvaluation.Medical technologyEvaluation.616.075Sox Harold C896480MiAaPQMiAaPQMiAaPQBOOK9910455163803321Assessment of diagnostic technology in health care2003031UNINA