04587oam 2200769I 450 991045288150332120200520144314.00-203-08035-11-283-87146-71-136-16681-510.4324/9780203080351 (CKB)2550000000709641(EBL)1097809(OCoLC)822025271(SSID)ssj0000785056(PQKBManifestationID)12280199(PQKBTitleCode)TC0000785056(PQKBWorkID)10794180(PQKB)11664078(MiAaPQ)EBC1097809(Au-PeEL)EBL1097809(CaPaEBR)ebr10635073(CaONFJC)MIL418396(OCoLC)821263988(OCoLC)822025044(EXLCZ)99255000000070964120180706d2013 uy 0engur|n|---|||||txtccrThe origins of the US war on terror Lebanon, Libya and American intervention in the Middle East /Mattia ToaldoAbingdon, Oxon ;New York, N.Y. :Routledge,2013.1 online resource (225 p.)Routledge studies in US foreign policyRoutledge studies in US foreign policyDescription based upon print version of record.1-138-85138-8 0-415-68501-X Includes bibliographical references and index.Cover; The Origins of the Us War on Terror: Lebanon, Libya and American Intervention in the Middle East; Copyright; Contents; Acknowledgements; Introduction: Revolutions; 1979, Revolutions and Invasions in the Greater Middle East; America's Strategic Shift; Carter's Revival of the Cold War; The Reagan Revolution; Reagan's Global Cold War; 1. Crucial Relations; US Policy in the Middle East During the Cold War; The Roots of the Lebanese Civil War and of US Intervention; Modernization Theories and the Rise of Qadhafi; The US-Israel Special Relationship; 2. Lebanon, Attack and WithdrawalThe Beginning of the US Involvement in LebanonThe Missing Red Light; The Invasion; The Slippery Slope; 3. Defining the Fight Against Terrorism; Facing New Enemies; Retaliation?; The Road to Withdrawal; The Shultz Doctrine and Nsdd 138; Enters Benjamin Netanyahu; 1985, the Annus Horribilis; The Bush Task Force on Combating Terrorism; 4. Libya: Pre-Strikes and Regime Change; Terrorism as Part of the Global Cold War; The First Confrontation in 1981 and 1982; The Flower Plan: Regime Change in Libya?; Christmas Shootings (And Military Planning); The Model Strike; The Last Attempt at Regime ChangeConclusions: Between the Cold War and the Global War on TerrorContinuities with US Policy in the Middle East During the Cold War; A Changed World: Political Islam, New Wars and the 'Age of Risk'; The Reagan Legacy and Bush's War on Terror; Making Sense of the Present Through the Past; Notes; References; IndexThe war on terror did not start after 9/11, rather its origins must be traced back much further to the Reagan administration and the 1980s. Utilizing recently declassified archival resources, Toaldo offers an in-depth analysis of how ideas and threat perceptions were shaped both by traditional US policy in the Middle East during the Cold War and by the cooperation with the Israeli right. The book examines two case studies of American intervention in the region and of its reactions to terrorism: Lebanon between 1982 and 1984 and Libya from 1981 to 1986. The first encounter with Hizbullah andRoutledge Studies in US Foreign PolicyWar on Terrorism, 2001-2009CausesTerrorismMiddle EastPreventionUnited StatesForeign relationsMiddle EastUnited StatesForeign relations1981-1989United StatesMilitary relationsLebanonLebanonMilitary relationsUnited StatesUnited StatesMilitary relationsLibyaLibyaMilitary relationsUnited StatesUnited StatesMilitary policyElectronic books.War on Terrorism, 2001-2009Causes.TerrorismPrevention.327.7305609/048Toaldo Mattia.886357MiAaPQMiAaPQMiAaPQBOOK9910452881503321The origins of the US war on terror1979311UNINA