04968oam 2200505 450 991042515700332120210417010905.03-030-54001-410.1007/978-3-030-54001-2(CKB)5590000000005459(MiAaPQ)EBC6382119(DE-He213)978-3-030-54001-2(PPN)25830541X(EXLCZ)99559000000000545920210417d2020 uy 0engurnn|008mamaatxtrdacontentcrdamediacrrdacarrierEU investor protection regulation and liability for investment losses a comparative analysis of the interplay between MiFID et MiFID II and private law /Marnix Wallinga1st ed. 2020.Cham, Switzerland :Springer,[2020]©20201 online resource (XVI, 432 p. 1 illus.) Studies in European Economic Law and Regulation ;Volume 203-030-54000-6 Part I. Introduction -- Chapter 1. Introduction -- Part II. MiFID & MIFID II and national law -- Chapter 2. MiFID & MiFID II: The development of EU investor protection regulation -- Chapter 3. MiFID & MiFID II conduct of business rules and their relationship with private law: The EU dimension -- Chapter 4. Implementation of the MiFID and MiFID II conduct of business rules in the Member States -- Part III. Judicial enforcement of the regulatory conduct of business rules through liability to compensate for investment losses -- Chapter 5. Contractual liability -- Chapter 6. Non-contractual liability -- Chapter 7. Causation -- Chapter 8. Remaining factors: Limits on the existence and extent of liability of investment firms to compensate for investment losses -- Part IV. Conclusion -- Chapter 9. Conclusion.This book examines the relationship between the EU investor protection regulations enshrined in MiFID and MiFID II and national contract and torts law. It describes how the effect of the conduct of business rules as implemented in national financial supervision legislation in private law extends to the issue of enforcement, and critically assesses this interaction from the perspective of EU law. In particular, the conclusions identified in the book will deepen readers’ understanding of the interplay between the conduct of business rules and private law norms governing a firm’s liability to pay damages, such as duty of care, attributability of damage, causation, contributory negligence and limitation. In turn, the book identifies the subordination and the complementarity model to conceptualise the interaction between the conduct of business rules and private law norms. Moreover, the book challenges the view that civil courts are – or should be – forced to give private law effects to violation of the MiFID and MiFID II conduct of business rules in line with the subordination model. Instead, the complementarity model is advanced as the preferred approach to this interaction in view of what MiFID and MiFID II require from Member States in terms of their implementation, as well as the desirability of each model. This model presupposes that courts should consider the conduct of business rules when adjudicating individual disputes, while preserving the autonomy of private law norms governing liability of investment firms towards clients. Based on analysis of case law of courts in Germany, the Netherlands and England & Wales, as well as scholarly literature, the book also compares the available causes of action, the conditions of liability and the obstacles investors face when claiming damages, as well as how and the extent to which investors can benefit from the conduct of business rules in clearing these obstacles. In so doing, under the approach adopted by national courts to the interplay between the conduct of business rules of EU origin and private law, the book shows how investors can benefit from the influence of these rules on private law norms. In closing, it demonstrates a hybridisation of private law remedies resulting from the accommodation of the conduct of business rules into the private law discourse according to the complementarity model, illustrating how judicial enforcement through private law means may contribute to investor protection.Studies in European economic law and regulation ;Volume 20.Commercial lawEuropean Economic Community countriesConflict of lawsEconomic policyCommercial lawConflict of laws.Economic policy.346.407Wallinga Marnix921015MiAaPQMiAaPQUtOrBLWBOOK9910425157003321EU investor protection regulation and liability for investment losses2065756UNINA05032nam 2201189z- 450 991055710930332120210501(CKB)5400000000040954(oapen)https://directory.doabooks.org/handle/20.500.12854/69176(oapen)doab69176(EXLCZ)99540000000004095420202105d2020 |y 0engurmn|---annantxtrdacontentcrdamediacrrdacarrierAssessment of Different Contaminants in FreshwaterOrigin, Fate, and Ecological ImpactBasel, SwitzerlandMDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute20201 online resource (182 p.)3-03943-000-9 3-03943-001-7 In many parts of the world, freshwater is a subject of frequent and intense large-scale disturbances. Pollution, water withdrawal, alteration of freshwater flows, road construction, aquifer mining, surface water diversion, desertification, wetland drainage, soil erosion in agriculture, deforestation, and dam building have led to some irreversible species losses and severe changes in community compositions of freshwater ecosystems. Pollution represents one of the most relevant impacts on freshwater environments, ranging from surface water bodies-such as springs, streams, rivers, lakes, and intermittent waterbodies-to groundwater and transitional habitats between surface waters and groundwaters. The origins and fates of pollutants are different and depend on various pollutants, including fertilizers with pesticides in agricultural areas, heavy metals, chlorinated organic compounds, and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs), which are predominantly derived from industrial and urban settlements. Another pollutant is microplastics, which can increase in concentration in freshwater bodies and constitute emerging contaminants in freshwater systems when taken together with pharmaceuticals, personal care products (PCPs), and endocrine-disrupting compounds (EDCs). The broad distribution of several pollutants leads to significant changes of freshwater ecosystems, together with the extinction of the most sensitive species or the drastic lowering in abundances of others, thus altering community compositions and the ecosystem services provided by freshwater biodiversity.Assessment of Different Contaminants in FreshwaterBiology, life sciencesbicsscEcological science, the BiospherebicsscResearch & information: generalbicsscabundance-size scaling theoryammoniumApuan AlpsAQUALIFE softwareaquiferbenthosbioaccumulationbiodiversityBiolog EcoPlatesTMChironomidaeChironomus plumosus larvaecontaminationcopepodsCorbicula fluminalis africanacrustaceansdietecotoxicologyEOCsflow cytometryfreshwater clamfreshwater communitiesfreshwater contaminationfreshwater ecologygroundwatergroundwater dependent ecosystemsgroundwater ecologygroundwater qualityheavy metalshydrogeochemistryhyporheoskarst aquiferLake Trasimenolandfilllarge scale surveymarble slurrymentum deformitiesmetabolic fingerprintmicrobial communitymicroplasticsmountain karst pondsmultiple stressorsneonicotinoidsnitratenitritenitrogenpassive samplepesticidespharmaceuticalsplatinumpollutionpopulation densityquarryresource limitationsoftwarestygobioticstygobitestygofaunasyncaridasynergismthreatstraitsTriturus carnifexBiology, life sciencesEcological science, the BiosphereResearch & information: generalGalassi Diana M. Pedt1324832Di Lorenzo TizianaedtHose GrantedtGalassi Diana M. PothDi Lorenzo TizianaothHose GrantothBOOK9910557109303321Assessment of Different Contaminants in Freshwater3036371UNINA